饲用油菜机械化收获切碎过程离散元仿真与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210348

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 2735-2745.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210348

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇

饲用油菜机械化收获切碎过程离散元仿真与试验

万星宇¹(),廖庆喜^1,²,蒋亚军¹,单伊尹¹,周宇¹,廖宜涛^1,²()

^1.华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070
^2.农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室，武汉 430070

收稿日期:2021-04-21 出版日期:2022-11-01 发布日期:2022-11-16
通讯作者: 廖宜涛 E-mail:wanxy@mail.hzau.edu.cn;liaoetao@mail.hzau.edu.cn
作者简介:万星宇（1991-），男，博士研究生. 研究方向：现代农业装备设计与测控.E-mail：wanxy@mail.hzau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52075210);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M682438);国家油菜产业技术体系专项项目(CARS-12);湖北省科技厅农业科技创新项目

Discrete element simulation and experiment of mechanized harve- sting and chopping process for fodder rape crop harvest

Xing-yu WAN¹(),Qing-xi LIAO^1,²,Ya-jun JIANG¹,Yi-yin SHAN¹,Yu ZHOU¹,Yi-tao LIAO^1,²()

^1.College of Engineering，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-Lower Yangtze River，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Wuhan 430070，China

Received:2021-04-21 Online:2022-11-01 Published:2022-11-16
Contact: Yi-tao LIAO E-mail:wanxy@mail.hzau.edu.cn;liaoetao@mail.hzau.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对饲用油菜收获缺乏有效数值模拟方法，影响收获装备研发成本与效率的问题，开展了饲用油菜机械化收获茎秆切碎过程离散元仿真与试验。以盛花期饲用油菜茎秆为对象，应用三点弯曲法开展了响应面分析试验，标定了茎秆离散元仿真参数，以标定参数开展弯曲破坏仿真实验获得的最大破坏力与实际试验测试值相对误差为0.12%，表明标定参数相对准确。基于标定参数开展了饲用油菜机械化收获切碎过程离散元仿真实验，确定了切碎装置最佳工作参数组合如下：喂入辊转速为467 r/min、切碎器转速为770 r/min，在此条件下仿真实验与台架试验茎秆切碎长度合格率分别为89.52%和89.86%。

关键词: 农业机械化工程, 饲用油菜, 离散元仿真, 参数标定, 切碎

Abstract:

Rape crop has great potential as Fodder， which is a new way of using its tender， juicy， nutritious stem. In order to develop the mechanized harvesting technology for fodder rape crop， a study on discrete element simulation of the stem chopping for rape crop in the flowering stage was carried out. By utilizing the three-point bending method， the discrete element simulation parameters of fodder rape stem in the flowering stage were calibrated based on the Response Surface Methodology（RSM）. The relative error between the maximum bending failure force obtained in the simulation with the calibrated parameters and that obtained by the actual test was 0.12%， indicating the calibrated discrete element simulation parameters were accurate. As further use of the calibrated discrete element parameters， the discrete element simulation experiment of cutting process of the mechanized harvesting for fodder rape was carried out. The simulation results showed that the optimal working parameter combination of the chopping device was the feeding roller speed 467 r/min and the cutter-head speed 770 r/min. Under the optimal working parameter combination condition， the qualified rate of stem chopped length in the simulation and bench experiment was 89.52% and 89.86%， respectively.

Key words: agricultural mechanization engineering, fodder rape crop, discrete element simulation, parameters calibration, chopping

中图分类号:

S817.11

万星宇,廖庆喜,蒋亚军,单伊尹,周宇,廖宜涛. 饲用油菜机械化收获切碎过程离散元仿真与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2022, 52(11): 2735-2745.

Xing-yu WAN,Qing-xi LIAO,Ya-jun JIANG,Yi-yin SHAN,Yu ZHOU,Yi-tao LIAO. Discrete element simulation and experiment of mechanized harve- sting and chopping process for fodder rape crop harvest[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(11): 2735-2745.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

表3

表4

弯曲破坏力误差值响应面二次全模型方差分析"

方差来源	自由度	均方值	F值	P值
总和	26
模型	14	260.54	6.77	0.0010
x₁	1	1217.09	31.62	0.0001
x₂	1	152.96	3.97	0.0695
x₃	1	0.033	8.50×10^-4	0.9772
x₄	1	1.42	0.037	0.8508
x₁x₂	1	431.91	11.22	0.0058
x₁x₃	1	0.42	0.011	0.9186
x₁x₄	1	1.76	0.046	0.8342
x₂x₃	1	0.61	0.016	0.9017
x₂x₄	1	1.79	0.046	0.8329
x₃x₄	1	0.19	4.86×10^-3	0.9456
x $12$	1	1384.86	35.98	<0.0001
x $22$	1	453.35	11.78	0.0050
x $32$	1	0.17	4.33×10^-3	0.9486
x $42$	1	0.069	1.80×10^-3	0.9668
残差	12	38.49
失拟项	10	45.58	14.85	0.0647
纯误差	2	3.07

表4

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表5

表6

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类别	参数	数值
本征参数	茎秆密度/（kg?m^-3）	927^a
	钢板密度/（kg?m^-3）	7850^a
	茎秆泊松比	0.33^a
	钢板泊松比	0.30^a
	钢板剪切模量/Pa	7.94×10^10a
接触参数	茎秆间碰撞恢复因数	0.55^a
	茎秆间静摩擦因数	0.39^a
	茎秆间滚动摩擦因数	0.04^a
	茎秆-钢碰撞恢复因数	0.55^a
	茎秆-钢静摩擦系数因数	0.25^a
	茎秆-钢滚动摩擦因数	0.06^a
粘结参数	茎秆颗粒法向接触刚度 x₁/（N·m^-1）	3×10⁹~9×10^9b
	茎秆颗粒切向接触刚度 x₂/（N·m^-1）	3×10⁸~9×10^8b
	茎秆颗粒临界法向应力x₃/MPa	30~70^b
	茎秆颗粒临界切向应力x₄/MPa	3~8^b

编码值	粘结模型参数
编码值	x₁/（10^-9·N·m^-1）	x₂/（10^-8·N·m^-1）	x₃/MPa	x₄/MPa
-1.546	3.00	3.00	30.0	3.00
-1	4.06	4.06	37.1	3.88
0	6.00	6.00	50.0	5.50
1	7.94	7.94	62.9	7.12
1.546	9.00	9.00	70.0	8.00

序号	x₁/（10^-9·N·m^-1）	x₂/（10^-8·N·m^-1）	x₃/MPa	x₄/MPa	破坏力模拟值f/N	破坏力相对误差值Δf/N
1	4.06	7.94	62.9	3.88	61.55	30.56
2	4.06	4.06	62.9	7.12	61.85	30.22
3	7.94	4.06	62.9	7.12	89.09	0.51
4	6.00	6.00	70.0	5.50	86.36	2.57
5	7.94	4.06	62.9	3.88	86.22	2.73
6	6.00	6.00	50.0	8.00	86.26	2.69
7	4.06	4.06	37.1	7.12	61.68	30.42
8	6.00	6.00	30.0	5.50	86.46	2.46
9	7.94	7.94	62.9	3.88	111.39	25.67
10	6.00	3.00	50.0	5.50	62.03	30.02
11	7.94	7.94	37.1	3.88	111.19	25.44
12	6.00	6.00	50.0	3.00	85.61	3.42
13	9.00	6.00	50.0	5.50	105.53	19.05
14	3.00	6.00	50.0	5.50	47.88	45.98
15	4.06	7.94	37.1	7.12	60.95	31.24
16	6.00	9.00	50.0	5.50	80.11	9.62
17	6.00	6.00	50.0	5.50	85.16	3.93
18	4.06	7.94	37.1	3.88	61.90	30.17
19	7.94	4.06	37.1	7.12	89.13	0.55
20	6.00	6.00	50.0	5.50	85.76	3.25
21	6.00	6.00	50.0	5.50	88.45	0.21
22	4.06	7.94	62.9	7.12	61.05	31.13
23	7.94	7.94	62.9	7.12	111.52	25.81
24	4.06	4.06	62.9	3.88	61.78	30.30
25	4.06	4.06	37.1	3.88	60.74	31.48
26	7.94	7.94	37.1	7.12	110.07	24.18
27	7.94	4.06	37.1	3.88	86.18	2.78

编码值	喂入辊转速n₁/（r·min^-1）	切碎器转速n₂/（r·min^-1）
-1.414	400	600
-1	429.29	629.29
0	500	700
1	570.71	770.71
1.414	600	800

序号	n₁	n₂	合格率Y₁/%
1	429.29	629.29	88.32
2	570.71	629.29	87.86
3	429.29	770.71	89.83
4	570.71	770.71	89.28
5	400	700	89.18
6	600	700	88.45
7	500	600	87.73
8	500	800	89.78
9	500	700	88.96
10	500	700	88.94
11	500	700	88.93
12	500	700	88.94
13	500	700	88.96

饲用油菜机械化收获切碎过程离散元仿真与试验

Discrete element simulation and experiment of mechanized harve- sting and chopping process for fodder rape crop harvest

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