To reduce NO_x emission of an automotive diesel engine, an EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system was developed.The control system hardware of EGR and its control strategy were presented. In this system,an intake air throttle valve and an EGR flow valve are controlled by a single chip processor.The test results show that optimized EGR ratio from 0～30% can be realized by this EGR system.The EGR system can greatly reduce NO_x emission while keeping the particulate emission at the same level,but the HC and CO emissions deteriorate to some extent in the same test conditions.The brake specific fuel consumption measured by the ECE R49 test cycle also decreased compared to baseline engine.

Specified calibration targets were put forward against different operating conditions of the diesel engine:engine starting should be reliable and smooth without over fuel supply, engine idling should be stable with low rpm; under the operating conditions corresponding regulated emission test cycle, the emission levels should be limited strictly; and the diesel engine should have good fuel economy in the whole opeating field. The tests were performed on a diesel engine equipped with a VP37 electronic controlled distribution pump. The effects of pump control parameters on the diesel performance and emissions were investigated experimentally during a series of optimized tests, and the basis control maps for the pump, including the fuel injection quantity map and the injection timing map, were achieved in terms of the different optimized targets. The performances of the tested engine were obviously improved after control optimization and the exhaust emissions are within the Euro Ⅲ ESC limits.

For raising the power performance, improving the fuel economy and reducing the emissions of nature-gas engine, the in-cylinder direct injection of natural gas and self-adaptive control of ignition timing and air-fuel ratio were adopted. The special features of disturbing resources of the self-adaptive controlled CNG engine which used the engine speed as feedback signal were analyzed, the optimal control strategy including the factor-dithering and the dither-cycle was proposed and had been carried out, a digital-filter and a watch-dog were also adopted to finish the anti-disturbing design. Combining with the hardware system design, the anti-disfurbing software feasibility was verified in a single cylinder natural gas engine, and results indicate that it can filter the disturbance of the engine load slow changes, realize averaging and fast damping the interference from engine cycle-variation, and resolve effectively the influence of the sudden changes in the engine load and the outside strong electromagnetic waves.

The exhaust emissions from a turbo-charged and intercooled compression ignition engine fueled with the E10 diesohol(10%m alcohol+90%m diesel, and the necessary solubilizing agent was added to assist their mutual solubility) were measured according to the ECE R49 13-mode test cycle. The results show that the brake specific emissions of HC,NO_x, PM and SOF from the engine using E10 are higher than those using diesel fuel, while the brake specific emissions of CO and DS are lower. The reason for emission deterioration from the diesohol operation is the emission contribution rates increase at low-to moderate loads which may attribute to decrease of in-cylinder change temperature. Increasing the intake temperature at low-to moderate load operating conditions may compensate the temperature drop caused by the ethanol vaporization in the cylinder, leading to the decrease of brake specific emissions of the CO, HC, PM, and SOF, but with increase of the NO_x emission.

The acoustical behavior of a motorcycle exhaust muffler was simulated with the boundary element method.The results show that the boundary element cell modal is right and the calculation method is reasonable. The causes for the muffler attenuation trough was analyzed by the sound modal analysis and the sound pressure map analysis, and the improvement was put forward with the control measure of the long duct standing wave.This method is effictive to control muffler attenuation of the muffler structure which is Axis symmetry.Thus, a successful muffler design method is developed.

Based on the total variance analysis on the vehicle steering stability and the neural network control theory, an algorithm of the single neuron adaptive PID control over the vehicle steering stability was proposed.Using the indices of trajectory follow error and steering busyness in evaluation of the steering stability, a quadratic form performance index function for the neuron learning was established and the tuning of the connection weight values of the single neuron controller was realized using the algorithm of gradient descent. With vehicle nonlinear dynamic model of 7 degrees-of-freedom, the simulations under different speeds were made. The results show that this algorithm can control vehicle to follow the pre-given trajectory accurately, and good robustness and adaptability are also shown.

In order to obtain critical speed when articutaled-frame vehicles(AFV) drive stability, the driving stability of AFV with hydraulic steering system moving along a straight or a small curvature road was studied.Idealized into a model composed of a front and rear body,taking both the elastic characteristics of hydraulic steering system and tire ride slip behavior into account, a linear dynamic equation system for the driving stability of AFV was established.Two methods of judging the driving stability of AFV were presented:the eigenvalue method and the method of steady response under constant input,and the expressions of stability factor and critical vehicle speed were derived.Two forms of instability of AFV were shown.The frequency response characteristics were discussed preliminarily.Two methods on sensitivity analysis for dynamic correction of AFV critical speed were suggested,i.e. direct derivation method based on the steady response and eigenvalue method based on complex eigenvalue analysis.Finally,the critical speed of the ZL10 loader was calculated as an example.

A dynamic vibration model with twelve degrees-of-freedom of vehicle-human system was established for the light-duty bus SY6480. A road excitation with the correlation of four wheels and a human body model were included in the vehicle model. The dynamic equations were derived from the system energy equations,and vehicle-human system vibration simulation in time domain as well as experiment verification was carried out. The comparisons show that obtained simulation results are more accurate than those calculated from the conventional linear method in frequency domain. Furthermore, the spectral analysis on the sample vehicle shows that the angular vibration energy is about one-fourth of that in vertical vibration of the vehicle, so that cannot be ignored in vehicle vibration study, and the vertical eigenvibration of human body has a resonant frequency of 2.0～2.5 Hz, which may be a reference for vehicle ride comfort design.

The torque converter W305 was modeled in detail and the internal flow field was computed using the program STAR-CD. To solve the interaction between the various stages with different speeds, the mixing plane model was used in the calculation. Based on the numerical results, the flow field characteristic in the pump wheel was analyzed. The velocity and pressure in the inlet and outlet of the pump wheel were analyzed and compared with correlative published experimental data. The external performance of the torque converter was also calculated and the results are in good agreement with the experiment.

Different approaches to the image feature selection were summarized. In view of the image global features are more likely to be detected and not liable to be disturbed by noise and local distortion, an approach to the image feature selection and extraction based on the global feature was proposed. The mean gray-scale of the image was taken as the major feature value. The image was divided into several blocks, the feature values expressed by 10 numbers were obtained by means of horizontal and vertical projection. To realize the quick real-time recognition of the number, the values of the feature numbers after projection were processed in accordance with the original projective direction. The experimental results show that the numbers in an image with moderate noise can be accurately and quickly recognized by the statistical approach which has a good anti-jamming ability.

A process of cryogenic polishing without abrasive to get the atom-level super-smooth surface was introduced.A model for the machining area was proposed,the horizontal relative movement between the ice plate and the parts plate was analyzed. With the Preston equation,the polishing uniformity was analyzed and simulated.The results show that the polishing uniformity is better when the rotate speed of parts plate is near that of the ice plate,and the eccentricity between the ice plate and the parts plate is larger.

The nano-Al₂O₃ and the laser cladding were chosen respectively to serve as the surface modification material and processing technology for the powder metallurgy pieces. The solidification process of the laser cladding layer was investigated and the microstructure of the modification layer was observed by means of the metallograph and SEM. The factors affecting the formation of the different structures of the modification layer were studied. The observed microstucture can be divided into 3 zones, i.e., the cladding zone, the transition zone, and the base body zone, their densities decrease gradually from the cladding zone to the base body. The microstructure of the laser cladding surface is affected by the composition and the content of the coating, processing parameters and the shape factor G/υ（temperature gradient/solidification rate） which itself is decided by the processing parameters. When the sizes of the rectangular laser spot are 15 mm×2 mm,the optimal power is 2.5 kW, and the optimal scanning speed is 90 mm/min.

A big power laser switching source was designed, and its main circuit and control model were established.PFW was added based on PWM, and switching circuit between PWM, PFW and control circuit of external characteristic were designed, the control system fulfilled the higher request, and have double excellence of PWM and PFM. The open loop and closed loop were simulated by Matlab. The experimental results show that the design is correct.

The pipeline parallelism was employed for IEC61499 compliant distributed control systems. Paralleling strategies for IEC function blocks in single-loop and complex control systems were proposed respectively. An illustrative example was presented, highlighting the advantages of the proposed strategies. Compared with conventional control systems with centralized controllers, IEC function block based on distributed control systems with pipeline parallelism provides shortened sampling period, which results in better control performance.

In order to investigate the problem of quadratic stability of switched linear systems via cascading, all the real invariant subspaces of a given linear system were investigated, and the result was used to provide comparable cascading form of switching models. Using the common cascading form, a common quadratic Lyapunov function (CQLF) can be found by the set of CQLF of diagonal blocks.

A sliding-mode controller was designed based on the output redefinition for the overload system of missile with non-minimum phase characteristic. For the existence of the uncertainty of the parameters, the fuzzy logic system was used to approximate the uncertainty parts of the internal dynamics, so that the error of the internal dynamics may be uniformly ultimately bounded, and the tracking error of the original system ultimately convergent to a neighborhood of the approximating error. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

A PID controller was presented for a class of uncertain discrete systems, and an optimal method of LMI was adopted to adjust the parameters of PID controller, accordingly, the solutions of the optimal parameters could be obtained, and it was adapted to the simple and quick character of PID method. The analysis manifest that the method is convergent. A conclusion can be drawn that the method has strong robustness from the simulation.

Since industrial web winding and its transport system were subjected to quasi-periodic disturbance and the disturbance frequency normally varies slowly with the winding rotation speed, and adaptive algorithm based on a phase-locked loop structure was proposed. This algorithm can cancel the disturbance after the simultaneous estimation of its phase and magnitude. The frequency analysis and the parameter design of this algorithm were also discussed. The adaptive algorithm can be plugged into the existing controller without any structure modification. Simulation results show that the proposed method can reject the quasi-periodic disturbances.

Since the online measurement of the multi-component content can hardly be achieved in rare earth extraction production process. The soft-sensor technology was proposed to estimate the component content of rare earth elements in spot detection on line and develops optimal control of the product purity at two outlet of the countercurrent extraction separation process. Then the proposed method was applied to a production process to achieve automatic control for whole production process through using HAB to separate the extract Yttrium in a company,which can attain more than 99.5% purity in Y₂O₃ in first stage and raise 2% recovery in Y.

Considering a class of nonlinear stochastic systems with colored noises subject to unmodeled dynamics and disturbances, a robust adaptive smoothing algorithm was proposed. The algorithm can compensate such unmodeled dynamics and/or disturbances through online parameters identification and has strong robustness against unmodeled dynamics and disturbances. The optimal parameters, such as variances of state filtering errors and residuals, are determined by minimizing the variances of state smoothing errors and the covariance of the residuals at two adjacent times. The simulation results show the satisfying adaptive ability to track changes of time delay and parameter of a nonlinear stochastic system with colored noises.

The concept of control systems over networks was introduced according to characteristics of the roles of control actions in the control systems. The status of the modeling and control in this kind of control systems were discussed. In addition, the current research problems of the modeling for non-linear dynamic systems and the robustness of the controlled systems over the networks were studied. Finally some future research issues in this field were highlighted.

In order to measure motion characteristic and dynamic parameters of MEMS resonator in every moment based on the technique of stroboscopic imaging, clear motion images in one cycle were obtained. Using block matching technique to process motion images of MEMS resonator, the dynamic parameters were also obtained, which give important reference to MEMS designation. Experimental results indicate that the repetition of measurement is 40 nm.

The issue of designing a type of generalized Luenberger observers for matrix second-order linear (MSOL) systems was addressed in the matrix second-order framework. By introducing the concept of stable matrix pair for MSOL systems, sufficient and necessary conditions for the design of the type of generalized Luenberger observers were given under the assumption of controllability and observability of the MSOL system. Based on the proposed conditions and the right coprime factorization of the system, a parametric approach to the design of such type of observers was presented. The proposed approach provides all the degrees of design freedom, which can be further utilized to achieve additional system specifications. A spring-mass system was utilized to show the effect of the proposed method.

An integrated RH process control model based on basic theory of metallurgy and RH refining treatment was developed. It consists of static decarburization model, dynamic decarburization model, temperature model, alloy minimum cost model and composition prediction model. This integrated model is adaptable and systematic with low cost. It has been implemented successfully in No 3 RH of Baosteel, new-built RH of Meishan Steel Making Plant, No 2 RH of Baosteel, new-build RH of the First Steel Making Plant of Shanghai. The application of artificial intelligence auto-modeling software developed on the basis of data, expert's experience and formula achieved preferable control precision.

A fractional-integral multiple ordering method was proposed to improve the integral multiple ordering method in material procurements. To illustrate the improvement effect, a new model considering a fractional-integral multiple ordering method was presented to extend the model proposed by Woo, Hsu, and Wu (2001), and a genetic algorithm was developed to resolve the modified model. Finally a numerical study based on the example used by Woo, Hsu, and Wu was presented to illustrate that the proposed model provided a lower or equal joint total relevant cost compared with Woo, Hsu, and Wu's model.

A process monitoring method based on independent component analysis(ICA) and wavelet transform was presented. which used ICA to calculate independent component and wavelet decomposition to construct average energy as the process feature respectively. Then the process monitoring can be conducted by comparing similarity degree that was considered as a monitoring perofrmance index. ICA is more accurate than principle component analysis(PCA) in extraction of non-Gaussian distribution signal, and it can get second power of signal features that are more compact and suitable for post-end treatment from original input. Since these features can represent essential information in the input data, ICA method is better than the feature extraction mehods only by considering variance information.

The idea of very long distance supervisory control and data acquisition system (VLD-SCADA) was presented with its analyzed functionality and characteristics. A GSM short message system based on VLD-SCADA design was given focusing on system architecture, data transfer protocol and application command protocol. Frame definition, receive-transition and problem processing scheme, supervision set and opened embedded script extension capability were discussed. The proposed solution was implemented in a VLD-SCADA system with several hundred kilometers.

Aimed at the combusion control process of reheating furnace possessing multiple parameters, time vary, nonlinear, strong couple and other characters, a fuzzy control method based on valve opening was proposed.The expected valve was directly obtained from the reheating furnace temperature errors and error rates; and accordingly automatic control of the combustion process of reheating furnace was achieved. The application of the fuzzy expert control improves the control delicacy for furnace tempreture control and tempreture adjusting speed,and realizes accurate furnace tempreture,the precision of 5% at stable control. This control method can resolve problems such as high overshoot, low tempreture varying speed, low control delicacy, and others. This control system has been put into operation and obtained both economic and social benefits obviously.

The time delay of control system induced by network was analyzed, and the influence of both sampling period and this time delay to network control systems(NCS) was discussed. Based on control performance optimization and network scheduling condition, considering system control and network scheduling, an optimized model and sampling period selection algorithm were proposed. An example shows that the algorithm satisfies performance requirement for NCS, optimizes network scheduling, and improves network efficiency. Furthermore this proposed method is also the guidance for the sampling period selection in NCS.

Cubic nonlinear coupling problem in nonzero mean multiplicative noise was studied by using two-dimensional cyclostationary theory. A special fourth-order time-average moment spectrum was defined for the estimation of cubic nonlinear coupling, which can be applied to obtain the coupled and coupling frequencies in nonzero-mean multiplicative noise and additive noise of any mean without any constrain on the distribution and noise color. The simulation examples illustrate the validity and correctness of this proposed method.

According to the framework of wavelet transform, a fully reconfigurable multi-purpose lifting kernel on FPGA was presented. From transform characteristics and reconfiguration requirement, with a bottom-up approach in design architecture, every lifting step can be represented by programmable parameters, which can guarantee lifting scheme reconfigurability. In addition, the architecture of lifting wavelet transform kernel was given. Different result was obtained through adjusting parameters in logical synthesis. Simulations illustrated that this lifting wavelet transform architecture possesses strong processing ability and low power consumption in real time image processing.

A diagnosis method based on wavelet packet transform and BP neural network was proposed to detect and identify sensor abrupt fault. Since wavelet packet transform can accurately localize sensor signal characteristics both in time and frequency domain, it is very suitable for non-stationary signal analysis. After wavelet packet analysis for sensor output, eigenvector of energy changing rate was extracted, and classification of sensor fault was conducted by using BP neural network. The proposed method does not need construction of sensor model and measurement of sensor input. Hence redundant data can be reduced by omitting some wavelet packet coefficients and the capability of fault detection can be improved. Simulation results proved the effectiveness of this method.

The application of the wireless local area network(WLAN) was studied to satisfy the demand of the man-machine coordinated material handling system on the information integration. The WLAN combining a wireless network for the man-machine coordinated material handling system and an integrated wired network for the manufacturing system were set up in the advanced manufacturing environment. In this system, the stable connection and real-time communication among the various automatic equipments and the material handling station can be realized, so the investment on the existing system modification may be cut down and the substantive rearrangement of the hardware realized. Taking a wireless communication system between a material handling station and a man-driving material transport dolly as an example, the realization method of the information integration was discussed.

A new resource scheduling strategy was put forward to protect the knowledge property right of the simulation model developer and resolving the model divulgence in the application of grid was proposed. Using the grid environment to design the complicated structure, to simulate extreme instance in the process of manufacturing automobiles,and to provide the simulation model service,by means of the grid services, the consistent interface standard was provided and the multilevel scheduling strategy was developed according to the degree of confidence of compute unit. The theoretic analysis and the simulation results indicate that this scheduling strategy can not only achieve the sharing of simulation model, but also protect the knowledge property right of the simulation model developer.

Developing a software is actually a transformation from the "problem space" to the "solution space". The representations of the "problem space" and "solution space" were abstracted from their characteristics, and the limitations of the programming were discussed from several typical problems. The reached conclusion shows that no matter how advanced the programming language is, if the real computer is based on the model of "Turing machine", the ability of the program will always be limited, i.e. there are many undecidable programs. Therefore, the cryptosystem which based on the uncomputability is feasible, and an idea of such cryptosystem was proposed.

A design outline on the implementation of database application module by using "PowerBuilder" data-window was presented, and some part of the implementation process was given. Rapid database application can be built when using this module on the basis of single table or master-detail table. This module can also provide primary operations to database tables such as "insert","delete","modify","query", and "sort" operation. The utilization of this module proved that it is simple to design, easy to implement and maintain, and stable, which is practical.

The phenomenon that the moisture in the remained capillary tube stands in suspension state after shearing off the lower capillary tube near the water surface of the basin caused by the added pressure from the capillary meniscus is explained by the theory of the capillary added pressure.According to the fact that there are plenty of capillaries in tillage soil and the plowshare cuts off the soil capillaries when cultivation, the capillary negative air pressure was produced on the interface of soil-moldboard,and its formulation was given. Based on the Young-Dupre equation on the interface adhesion work, the mechanism of reducing soil adhesion of the materials of big water contact angle and the bionic non-smooth surface could be explained from the effect of the capillary negative air pressure.