To optimize the damping characteristics of the vehicle, a dynamic model with lumped parameters was built for the shock absorber to reflect physical effects of its valve systems and it was embedded in an E-Class vehicle model of Carsim^TM using the S-Function. Taking the vehicle dynamic performances as the optimization objectives, the front and rear axle damping characteristics of the vehicle were tuned using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)under frequency sweep conditions. The computation results show that vehicle dynamic performances concerned are grealty improved after virtual tuning of the shock absorber.

In order to study the variable steering ratio design of Steer-By-Wire (SBR) system, vehicle dynamic model and driver were built. A steady state control strategy for the steering ratio was designed to keep the vehicle yaw rate gain a constant. Under typical vehicle speed, the vehicle yaw rate gain was optimized by genetic algorithm and the steering ratio of SBW system was calculated. The optimization is based on driver-vehicle close-loop, and adopts comprehensive evaluation indexes of vehicle handling and stability, which include lateral trace error index, driver burden index, rollover rate index and slip rate index of vehicle gravity center. Test results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the vehicle maneuverability and reduce the driver burden.

An evaluation model based on the hypersphere support vector machine for power-shift steering transmission (PSST) was developed on the basis of spectrometric oil analysis data. The pretreatment of spectrometric oil analysis data was made and the principal components were studied using principal component analysis method. The influences of parameter variation and abnormal samples on the performance of hypersphere support vector machine model were studied. It has been proved that this model is accurate in evaluating the operation state of PSST.

A model was built for the forced torsional vibration excited by the dynamic torque of the engine in the vehicle multistage planetary transmission using the lumped parameter method, and the differential equations were derived by the Lagrangian equation and solved. The amplitude characteristics of the different parts in the same gear shift were analyzed, and their vibration behaviors were revealed. The vibrations of the planetary gear under different gear shifts were investigated, and the difference between the torsional vibrations of the planetary gear under load state and no-load state were obtained. The fluctuation of the meshing force of the planetary gear and the dynamic load coefficient were calculated, providing a basis for the design and the dynamic analysis of the multistage planetary transmission.

A current-sensorless control method was proposed to apply in the vehicle drive motor to alleviate the shortecomings of the traditional vector control(narrow efficient work area)and the feedback loop control(being liable to over current). This method directly controls the magnitude and phase angle of the voltage vector according to the command motor torque and speed to realize the control of the real torque and speed of the motor. The proposed method saves the cost of the current sensor, avoids the dependence on the current sensor, the possible over current of the close loop control, and being unable to control under the condition of the current sensor malfunction. The simulation and bench test results show that the proposed method can not only increase the efficient work area, but also improve the reliability of the motor control system.

In order to explore the effects of the testing condition on the PM and NO_x emission characteristics from the diesel engine, a medium-duty automotive diesel engine complying with the China emission standard stage Ⅲ and a vehicle equipped with this engine were tested according to the European Transient Cycle(ETC) and the Beijing City Bus Cycle(BJCBC) which was developed from the actual driving conditions of Beijing buses. The testing results show that the driving cycle has significant effects on the particle size concentration distribution of PM emission, and the results by BJCBC is dramatically different from those by ETC. Therefore, the emission control calibration of the bus engine should be optimized according to BJCBC besides meeting the certification standards.

The changes of the heat fluxes on interfaces of the superheater/reheater tubes with different tube geometries, flue gas temperatures, steam flows and temperatures were analyzed using the established numerical model and the corresponding program. The relationship expressions of the heat flux versus the tube imner-wall oxide scale thickness and operation time were obtained by regression analyses. The results provide a theoretical basis for the design and operation of the power plant.

A quantitative assessment method was proposed to assess the threat feeling of the driver during a certain traffic situation based on his/her subjectively feeled driving behavior characteristics. Five driving characteristics such as the horizontal and vertical relative velocity and distance and the trajectory crossing angle, etc., were chosen as the trend factors. The subjective sensetivity of the threat was measured by the distance between the expected collision point and the danger source. The construction method of the classified factor membership function was proposed using the statistical method combining with the driver in tuitive threat perception. The rules of the threat assessment were derived and a threat assessment model was established in combination with the principle of fuzzy reasoning. The practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method was tested by a case example.

Three fitness functions were designed from the mode orthogonality and the modal energy, and they were used to the improved genetic algorithm and the single parent genetic algorithm. A 2-step method was proposed to determine the number and the location of the sensors on the large-span bridge structures. According to the comparative analyses of these 2 algorithms, 3 fitness functions and the effective independence algorithm applied to the large-span arch bridge, the single parent genetic algorithm appeared more suitable to the sensor placement problem than the improved genetic algorithm, and the fitness function designed by the combined evaluation criteria was more reasonable than the one designed by the single evaluation criterion. The effectireness of the 2-step method for the placement of the sensors on the bridge structure is proved.

Facing the fact that there were no mature testing methods and equipments to evaluate the damage degree of the asphalt pavement wearing layer, a movel damage measure equipment was developed considering the damage types and characteristics of the icing asphalt pavement. The technical parameters, the testing methods and the evaluating indexes of the equipment were investigated. The results indicate that the developed testing equipment is characterized by good performance, the corresponding testing method and evaluating indexes can evaluate rapidly and accurately the damage degree of the icing asphalt pavement with fine differentiation and good practicality.

The effects of the fiber volume ratio, the freezing-deicing cycle number, the coal fly ash, and the silicon powder on the resistance against deicing salt of the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) fiber reinforced cementitious composite were investigated by the accelerated preezing-deicing cycle test under the chloride environment. The change of the microstructure along with the action of the chloride and the freezing-deicing, the distribution of the PVA fiber in the cement matrix and the interface binding were observed by a scan electronic microscope. The test result show that adding PVA fiber into cement improves significantly the freezing-deicing resistance of the cementitious composite under the chloride environment. The PVA fiber is well distributed in the matrix and well bound with the cement in the interface. Adding the coal fly ash or silicon powder do not much improve the deicing salt resistance of the composite.

The process performance of cold extrusion of Q460 high-strength-steel internal thread was studied by experiments. The effects of hole-diameter, extrusion speed and number of extrusions on the quality of the thread, such as surface morphology, residual stress and micro hardness were analyzed. High quality internal thread was obtained by optimization of the technological parameters. Results show that the optimized technological parameters are as follows, the hole-diameter is in the range of 21.20 mm to 21.30 mm, the rotation speed of the machine tool is from 20 r/min to 40 r/min, one-step cold extrusion forming is the best technology rather than multi-step extrusion.

Laser and electric deposition technologies were used to fabricate bionic coupling surfaces with concave pits morphology and nickel matrix nano-sized SiC/Ni composite coatings. The tribological properties of the bionic coupling surface were investigated by friction and abrasion experiments. Experimental results show that the wear resistance of the bionic coupling surfaces is better than the surface with composite coating only. As the wear load and time increase, the tribological mechanism of the samples transforms from plastic dominance to adhere abrasion and grain abrasion dominance.

To reduce the aerodynamic noise of axial fan, the hush characteristics of eagle owl feather with serration and strip structure was applied to the design of a coupling bionic fan. According to the experimental optimization, contrast experiments on the coupling bionic fan blade and traditional fan blade were carried out. The influence of the bionic serration and strip structure on the aerodynamic noise was studied. The results show that the aerodynamic noise generated by the coupling bionic blade was lower than that generated by the traditional blade. With fan speeds of 1000 r/min, 1100 r/min, 1200 r/min, 1300 r/min and 1400 r/min, the noise can be reduced at most 4.9 dB, 4.5 dB, 4.6 dB, 4.9 dB and 5.8 dB respectively.

A mathematical model was built for the instantaneous flow and its beat rate of the inclined plate and axial plunger type hydraulic transformer(IPAPHT) based on the working principles of its hydraulic elements to find the cause of its excessive flow disturbance noise. The simulations show that the model revealed the flow behavior in the IPAPHT, explained the cause of the excessive flow disturbance noise, providing a theoretical basis for the design of the port plate of the IPAPHT.

In order to obtain the brake performance of the hydrodynamic tractor-retarder assembly, a numerical simulation model was build to study the pressure and velocity distributions of internal flow field during brake process, and brake performance curves of different rotating speed were drawn by CFD analysis. The flow field analysis results show that the calculation error of the braking torque was less than 10% by comparison with experimental data, showing the simulation method and the simulation model are accurate and reliable.

A novel polydimethyl siloxane(PDMS) diaphram micropump was developed. A mathematical model was built for the micropump under the ideal condition. A prototype of the pump was designed and manufactured in the laboratory. It was found by experiment that a superior pumping performance was achieved at electroosmotic(EO) actuator voltage duty ratio of 30%. The maximum output of prototype is 133 μL/min(using pure water as working liquid)under an input voltage of 30 V and an exciting frequency of 1.4 Hz. A series of experiments demonstrated that the electroosmotically actuated PDMS diaphram micropump is characterized by good working stability, easy to control its flow output and independent of property of the delivered drug, being suitable for the biochemical analysis system.

Based on the anelysis of the effect of different compensation directions on the result in the die-face geometric displacement correction method to compensate the springback, a new comprehensive compensation and correction method of the die-face was proposed taking a direction compensation factor into account. Taking a V-shape bending pand and a complex blade as examples, the different compensation directions in the displacement correction method were compared using the finite element simulation, and a U-shape panel was used to verify the effectiveness of the new method experimentally. The results show that in the new method, the correction direction was compensated by the difference of the normal directions before and after the springback, and a direction compensation factor was introduced. The new method is more accurate and more universal than the other methods.

A model was built for the dependence of the principal tendency component of the cutting force on the cutting depth in the nanocutting process of the monocrystalline copper to explain the non-linear size effect. The complexity of the high-frequency disturbance of the cutting force during different cutting phases was examined by the approximate entropy measure. The obtained results show that the cutting force changes abruptly from the negative value to a large positive value in the cutting-in phase, appear the phenomena of the elasticity instability and the incipient elasticity-plasticity transition. During the cutting phase, the principal tendency component of the cutting force varies in low-frequency with distinct peaks and valleys, and there presents the non-linear size effect depending on the cutting depth. Observing the dislocation nucleation and the dislocation motion inside the workpiece material, the radical cause of the evolution characteristic of the cutting force during the linearly varying cutting depth was explained.

A novel force-position-posture decoupling technique was proposed based on a magnetorheological fluid torque-servo(MRT) to solve the coupling problem in the numerical control(NC) automatic polishing system of the asphesical surface. The mechanism of the force-position-posture coupling was investigated based on Hertz contact theory and the tribological principle, and a coupling model was built. The MRT-based force-position-posture decoupling principle was studied, a corresponding polishing experiment system was developed. A polishing foree control model was established, and the path of the polishing tool was planned. Experiments were cassied out and a missos-like aspherical surface with a roughness of R_a≤0.025 μm was obtained. The results proved that using the proposed decoupling techniue, the polishing force, the tool position and posture can be controlled independently, actively and simultaneoushly during the polishing process.

The failure mode, effect, and criticality analyses(FMECA) were performed for the failure data of the abc-axis feed system of a certain machining center.The group decision-making theory was used to integrate the evaluation of every team member reasonably, the weight values of the factors were determined by the combinative method of entropy weight and expert evaluation, and the improved criticality(ICR) of every failure was calculated for the abc-axis feeding system. The DEMATEL method with the ICK as the input was used to prioritize the failures. The final prioritizing result by the proposed method was compared with the 2 prioritizing results by the criticality and the improved criticality, and the weak parts of the abc-axis feeding system were found. The proposed method can also be applied to analyze and prioritize the failures of the complete appliance, providing a basis for the reliability design and enhancement of the machining center.

To solve the problem of low accuracy of contour detection of objects with complex texture background in the image,the existing contour detection algorithm based on non-classical receptive field inhibition and hierarchical model and X(HMAX) model was studied firstly. Then an improved contour detection algorithm based on HMAX model and non-classical receptive field inhibition was proposed and implemented. The HMAX model possesses the advantage of basic visual cortex functional structure. This compensates the oversimple shortcoming of biological visual structure, which the non-classical receptive inhibition contour detection algorithm is based on. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with Canny operators and non-classical receptive field inhibition contour detection algorithm. Results show that the improved algorithm can effectively increase the accuracy of contour detection.

Automata was employed to filter XML data in P2P network,based on the concept to construct non-determinate finite automata in YFilter system locally,chord ring is used in XML filtering to build distributed non-determinate finite automata to filter the XML queries in peers. The main idea of the filtering system was based on the recursive method to obtain satisfied data set meeting the query condition in different peers. To examine the performance of the distributed non-determinate finite automata, more experiments are conducted with the changes in volume of inquiries and the network size. Results show that, at different filtering scenarios, the proposed method can deal with millions of XPath queries with good performances of network traffic and filtering delay.

Based on the study of extensible authentication protocol (EAP) and Diameter protocol, a message-oriented load balancing (MOLB) algorithm was proposed. This algorithm can maintain the consistency of session between nodes in distributed authentication system and reduce the number of migration sessions when service nodes are varied. In this algorithm hash method, virtual nodes and red-black tree are combined to achieve a rational distribution of requests between service nodes. In the Diameter network environment, the experiment results show that compared with other commonly load balancing algorithms, MOLB algorithm has smaller load balancing degree, smaller session destruction degree and lower session destruction distribution degree.

Most situation evaluation methods lack the consideration for authorization and dependency relationship, unable to reflect indirect threats, so the assessment results guide dynamic defense poorly. Regarding these problems, an evaluation method was proposed, which takes threat spread analysis as its basis, and attack intention guess as its extension. First, the direct and indirect threats were evaluated; the direct threats originate from attacks, and the indirect threats were caused by the spread of direct threats along the dependency relationships. Then, the nonlinear overlapping effects under multiple concurrent attacks were discussed. Finally, the covering and clustering method was used to guess attack intensions. Experiment shows that the proposed method can reveal security situation more thoroughly and accurately, and can guide dynamic defense preferably.

To mitigate the negative effects brought in by advance reservation, a reservation admission model based on two dimensional relaxed strategy was proposed. The model allowed the acceptance of new reservation requests that overlap with existing ones under certain conditions in grid environment. Both the system benefit and risk of the proposed admission model were theoretically analyzed. Experiment results show that the relaxed reservation strategy can achieve higher resource utilization and lower rejection rate compared with conventional reservation policy and backfilling-based reservation mechanism. In addition, it also shows better self-adaptability to system dynamic reservation change.

A novel gait period detection algorithm based on Hu moments was proposed. With the scaling and shift invariance attributes, this method can potentially be used preceding the standardized and centralized image processing. Therefore, the pre-processing time in gait recognition is reduced significantly, which results in the possibility of real-time gait recognition. After analysis of the ability of the projection features of the gait to distinguish identity, it was elicited that it is reasonable of using Trace transform to describe the characteristics of the gait. Following that, gait recognition based on Trace transform was proposed. Three different kinds of functional forms in Trace transform were discussed in detail and experiments were conducted on CASIA-B gait database for validation. The best recognition rate achieved was 84.14%. This method avoids the complicated rectification process of the dynamic time warping algorithm and linear time normalization algorithm.

A method for 2D and 3D brain tissue segmentation was presented. First, the noise of spinal fluid affecting the segmentation accuracy was eliminated using an improved C-V model. Then, the ventricle extraction and skull stripping were performed by C-V model and regions merging with tags. Finally, the white matter and grey matter were extracted through covered background method and the brain tissue was segmented. Simulation data was used for theoretical analysis, and the results were verified by real data. The accuracy, universality and practicality were validated by experiment results.

In order to solve the problems existing in software development for palmprint recognition, the technique of component-based software development was employed to integrate the software platform according to the character of the algorithms for palmprint recognition. The methods of extraction, classification and assembly of all software components were analyzed. The software platform based on reusable software component technology possesses great practical value. The platform effectively shortens the development cycle and optimizes the entire system. Beside, it obviously reduces the difficulty for software maintenance.

The number of nodes of the cerebelar model articulation controller (CMAC) neural network increases exponentially with the input dimensions. To overcome such drawback, an improved hyperball CAMC neural network algorithm based on clustering was proposed. A fuzzy clustering algorithm was adopted to determine the node number and node values of the neural network by clustering the input data. A fuzzy inference optimization algorithm was proposed to calculate the initial weight value of the neural network based on input-output data. Compared with the original hyperball CAMC, the improved algorithm can effectively reduce the neural network nodes and improve the learning accuracy. The multi-step time-delay nonlinear dynamic system simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed algorithm.

An optimized detector generation algorithm was proposed to solve the shortcomings of existing real-value negative selection algorithm. This algorithm fully utilizes self distribution, optimizes the center of the detector and expands the radius of the detector in order to generate a detector with large coverage. The expected coverage was used as one of the control parameters to end the algorithm so that it can effectively avoid the generation of redundant detector. Moreover, the anomaly detection system and it formal description were established. The error rate as a new index for anomaly detection performance was defined. The 2DSyntheticData and the actual Irish data set and biomedical data were used to test the algorithm. Experimental results show that, compared with V-detector, the algorithm improves detection rate, reduces the error rate and the required number of detectors. So it has a better detection performance.

To solve the problem of path following control of car-like robot with nonholonomic constraints, a path following strategy with constrained curve-fitting was proposed. Referring to the rolling optimization principle of model predictive control, a strategy generation of the planned path was derived by differential flat method; then the path tracking procedure was realized. Meanwhile, the path tracking method based on rolling optimization principle can follow a reference path in real time. The robot can also actively avoid unpredictable obstacle that lies on the reference path. To verify the feasibility of the proposed tracking strategy, simulations were carried out, which take the geometric constraints and actuator saturation constraints into account. Simulation results show that the robot possesses good tracking effect and can avoid the obstacle successfully.

The factors affecting the coating thickness and the adjustable and changeable parameters during the working process of the spray painting robot were classified and analyzed. The experimental data acquired by the straight spraying experiment on the flat surface were fitted using a BP neural network. A spray gun model was built using the spray distance, spray gun moving velocity, spray flow rate, and the distance from the measure point to the axis of spray gun as inputs. Compared with the traditional model, the proposed model can predict the distribution of the coating thickness under different spraying distances, spray gun moving velocities, and spray flow rates with the relatively few experimental data. The validation experiments show that the proposed model is accurate and effective.

According to the investigation of existing rotor blade measuring methods, a new measuring method of blade pyramid angle was proposed based on panoramic vision technology. A group of inverse projection equations were derived from panoramic spherical reductive algorithm to calculate the difference of blade pyramid angles. The target blade real-time extraction was realized by synchronization circuit to control the camera, and the corresponding solving method of the panoramic image was studied. The pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) algorithm was adopted for the initial segmentation of image. Then the feature extraction process of the processed image through region labeling algorithm was introduced to obtain a better recognition rate. Experiment results show that this method has high accuracy and suitable for rotor blade pyramid angle measuring system and can be used in future actual production process.

A matching resampling filter algorithm was proposed to solve the problem of resampling techniques in scalable video coding. The isolated designing of down- and up-sampling filters leads to poor filtering performance. The proposed algorithm uses the acquired parameters of the down-sampling filter to derive the corresponding un-sampling filter to achieve the matching purpose. It can improve not only the video quality but also the encoding performance of the spatial scalable video coding. Compared to the simulation results of the joint scalable video model (JSVM) under the same condition, the performance of the proposed matching resampling filter algorithm is significantly improved that the peek signal to noise ration (PSNR) is increased by 1.6 dB in average.

A group key exchange protocol was proposed to implement secure communication in space information networks. In this protocol, all satellite nodes in a space information network were divided into different clusters according to the orbits they belonging. The protocol was composed of intra-cluster phase, inter-cluster phase and key distribution phase. Each node generates a key contribution value and sends it to the center node on the ground. On receiving all the contribution values, the center node generates a group key and distributes the key to all nodes in a secure manner. The semantic security of the proposed protocol was proved. Communication complex analysis and NS2 simulation software were employed to evaluate the proposed protocol. Results show that the proposed protocol achieves higher efficiency than other related protocols.

A pricing-based Stackelberg game was proposed to perform resource allocation between a relay and multiple user nodes in cooperative relay networks. First, the relay node prices the cooperative bandwidth according to the demand of the user nodes. Then, with the price, the user nodes can adjust their Nash Equilibrium (NE), i.e. the amount of the optimal bandwidth purchase, to maximize their benefits. The existence of the NE solution was proved. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was performed to search for the NE solution, and the efficiency of the obtained NE was analyzed. A global optimal bandwidth allocation solution was given by simulation through the PSO algorithm. Results show that the proposed game can simulate cooperation of the relay node and coordinate the resource allocation among the user nodes.

A superposition modulation and adaptive power allocation algorithm was proposed, which can mitigate the inference between users and allocate the transmission power of each user adaptively in cooperative communications. Each user transmits its own signal while relays other users' signals, and the superposition modulation functions are designed jointly to form the reconstructed signals. The destination cancels the inference by the use of these functions. The reconstructed signal power of each user was adjusted to maximize the system capacity according to the channel variety. Simulation results of various network models show that the proposed algorithm can cancel the inference efficiently and reduce the probability of system error. Compared with the inference cancellation algorithm using fixed power allocation, this algorithm can achieve 1.5 dB bit error rate improvement and 5 dB frame error rate improvement respectively.

A successful delivery probability (SDP) based coding-aware opportunistic routing mechanism was proposed. In this mechanism SDP was used as routing metric instead of traditional routing metrics such as hops and expected transmission count (ETX). Forwarder set was adopted and all the nodes in the forwarder set can perform coding and forward packets according to their priority in a distributed manner. Thus, the problems such as inter-flow interference and overloaded intermediate nodes caused by traditional coding-aware routing protocol can be overcome. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can obtain more coding opportunities at the cost of increasing a small amount of duplicates, thus effectively promote network performance.

A fast and low-storage vector quantizer was developed to quantize line spectral frequency (LSF) coefficients. It reduces the storage and searching complexity of codebooks by better use of the inter and intra frame correlations of LSF coefficients. After the average value was removed, LSF coefficients were predicted by a first order moving average predictor. Then the residual LSF coefficients were quantized by a three-stage vector quantizer. In the second stage, each high-dimensional LSF coefficient vector was slit into low-dimensional parts, which were quantized by different codebooks to reduce the storage and searching complexity of the codebooks. Simulation by C programming language demonstrates that the average spectral distortion is 0.91 dB, the percentage of outlier between 2 dB and 4 dB is 0.13% under the condition of low bit rate speech coding. Both storage and searching complexity of codebooks are reduced more than 31%.

Based on the link between digital matting and image segmentation, a sonar image segmentation method using spectral matting and morphological operations was proposed. First, the effect of sonar image shadows of and background nonuniformity were removed and the image was enhanced through morphological top-hat transformation and bottom-hat transformation. Then, the alpha value of the digital matting was taken into consideration in image segmentation; the threshold value was obtained by the global average iteration method; and the segmentation results were obtained by threshold process of the alpha images. Finally, simulation experiments were conducted to compare the proposed segmentation method with existing popular segmentation methods. The results show that the proposed method is more suitable for sonar image segmentation and the output pictures are more reliable with more details than other methods.

Medical texts lack quantifiable data structure, thus text keyword model based processing method is not practicable. On the basis of research on latent semantic association between words and keywords tree structure, a semantic analysis model based on latent semantic tree was constructed for medical text data mining. Furthermore, the hidden topic is associated with latent semantic research, and a text processing method was designed based on potential Dirichlet allocation and latent semantic tree model, which can form certain readable automatic annotation according to different types of medical texts. This automatic annotation has lower subjectivity, higher accuracy and readability than the keywords model method. Besides, it can assist medical doctors with text notation and classification, reducing their workload. Program results show that this method can be applied to medical image views and to form diagnosis opinion, patient medical records, produce symptomatic prescription. The semantic matching degree for annotation is 67.7%, and the readability of the text can reach 60.02%.

Based on the rate equation and power propagation equation, change of the gain characteristics of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ codoped double-clad fiber amplifier with the fiber length was analyzed. The influence of signal power and pump power on amplifier gain was also studied. Experiments were conducted to validate the analysis. The results indicate that the fiber length influences the gain of the amplifier. The fiber length corresponding to gain saturation is shorter when the input signal is large. Amplifier gain changes with the difference of the signal and pump power, higher gain can obtained by adjusting the signal power or pump power.

In the diffraction measurement of particle size with multi-peaks distribution, the Chin-Shrine integral transform inversion noises are easily misread as actual distribution peaks. To solve this problem, an improved method of inserting function was proposed. Simulation results demonstrated the feasibility of this method. The improved method was tested to measure particle sizes with two peaks, three peaks and four peaks distribution by using linear CCD detector array. The results show that, using inserting function, the noises almost totally disappear, while the number and locations of the original distribution peaks are not affected. Therefore, this method accurately restores the original distribution. The results also show that increase in the focal length can avoid the stuck-up of the inversion spectrum tail. However, it may induce the loss of data in large angle and other problems. Good measurement results can be achieved by selecting suitable focal length.

Anticoagulant peptide was prepared by hydrolyzing egg white powder with Alcalase. Results show that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was inhibited by over-high substrate concentration. Anticoagulant activity was optimum when the substrate concentration was 1%. Temperature strongly affects DH that at low temperature the hydrolyzed possesses high anticoagulant activity. The effect of pH on DH was related to the optimum pH value of Alcalase. When pH value was 7 the anticoagulant activity was the best. DH increased slowly and anticoagulant activity decreased with excessive increase in enzyme dose. The optimal technical parameters were: substrate concentration of 1%, temperature of 50 ℃, enzyme concentration of 5% and pH value of 8. After 2 h hydrolization the anticoagulant activity reached 68.92%.

Heme-iron enriched polypeptide product was produced from bovine blood enzymolysis. Various kinds of protective agents were added to the enzymolysis substrates and the products to examine they protective effect on the products. Results show that the compound protective agents are superior to a single protective agent. Ferrous iron in enzymolysis substrates and in products are increased by 24.5% and 37.7% respectively after the addition of compound protective agents with mass ratio of antioxidant/reductant = 2∶1.