皮肤常驻记忆性T细胞对白癜风发生发展及复发影响的研究进展

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587X.20250533

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

皮肤常驻记忆性T细胞（T_RM）是皮肤组织内重要的免疫监视细胞，是一个高度异质化的群体。皮肤T_RM通过表达CD69和CD103等驻留标志物实现组织驻留，其产生和存活受白细胞介素15（IL-15）等分子的调控。除感染及肿瘤免疫外，T_RM特别是CD8+T_RM在自身免疫性皮肤病如白癜风的发生发展及复发中也发挥重要作用。在自身黑色素细胞抗原持续刺激下，黑色素细胞特异性CD49a+T_RM1细胞可通过表达干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、颗粒酶B和穿孔素直接杀伤黑色素细胞，同时还可以通过IFN-γ-Janus激酶（JAK）-信号转导和转录激活因子（STAT）信号通路招募循环中记忆性CD8+T细胞共同对黑色素细胞进行杀伤，从而促进了白癜风的发生发展及复发。结合国内外最新研究进展，现对皮肤T_RM的来源、功能和生物学特性等进行总结，对其在白癜风的发生发展及复发方面的研究进行概述，并对基于T_RM干预白癜风复发的策略进行阐述和展望，为白癜风的发病机制研究及临床精准治疗提供新思路。

关键词: 组织常驻记忆性T细胞, 白癜风, 复发, 自身免疫, Janus激酶, 信号转导和转录激活因子

Abstract:

The cutaneous resident memory T cells （T_RM） are important immune surveillance cells in skin tissue and are highly heterogeneous. The T_RM achieve residency in skin by expressing residency markers such as CD69 and CD103， and their development and survival are regulated by several molecules such as interleukin-15 （IL-15）. In addition to their roles in infection and tumors， the T_RM， especially CD8+T_RM， play an important role in the development and recurrence of autoimmune skin diseases such as vitiligo. Under the continuous stimulation of melanocyte antigens， melanocyte-specific CD49a+T_RM1 can directly kill the melanocytes by expressing the interferon-γ（IFN-γ）， granzyme B and perforin and they also recruit circulating memory CD8+T cells through the IFN-γ-Janus kinase（JAK）-signal transducer and activator of transcription（STAT）（IFN-γ-JAK-STAT） signaling pathway to collectively kill the melanocytes， which promotes vitiligo development and recurrence. Combined with the research progress at home and abroad， this article now summarizes the source， function and biological properties of cutaneous T_RM， provides an overview of the research on T_RM in vitiligo development and recurrence， and elaborates on the strategy of intervening in the recurrence of vitiligo by targeting T_RM， aiming to provide the new ideas for the pathogenesis research and precise treatment of vitiligo.

Key words: Tissue-resident memory T cells, Vitiligo, Recurrence, Autoimmunity, Janus kinase, Signal transducer and activator of transcription

中图分类号:

R758.41

王欢,甄昱,李珊山. 皮肤常驻记忆性T细胞对白癜风发生发展及复发影响的研究进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2025, 51(5): 1429-1436.

Huan WANG,Yu ZHEN,Shanshan LI. Research progress in effect of cutaneous tissue-resident memory T cells on development and recurrence of vitiligo[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition), 2025, 51(5): 1429-1436.

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