Abstract: Aiming at the problem of  the navigational challenges for visually impaired users on diverse webpages, we proposed a method for automatically identifying navigation bars to improve  webpage accessibility. Firstly, by designing heuristic rules, elements within the navigation bars were  autonomously extracted based on the ordered element arrangement within the navigation bar, as well as rules such as hyperlinks and succinct textual content within sub-elements. Secondly, a decision tree binary classification algorithm was used to categorize elements with pronounced feature disparities in the navigation bars. Finally, the identified navigation bar elements were subject to the injection of Landmark attributes. In experimental evaluations of  100 websites, the method successfully identified  92.6% of navigation bar elements, and the infusion of Landmark attributes significantly improves website accessibility, thereby ameliorating the user experience for visually impaired individuals.

Key words: webpage accessibility, Landmark, navigation bar recognition, decision tree algorithm