Abstract:

To analyze the etiology， clinical manifestations and treatment of one patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus（T1DM） complicated with periodontitis，and to clarify the importance of early prevention and treatment of periodontitis associated with T1DM， and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment for the patients and clinicians. Methods The clinical data of a female patient with the history of T1DM for 8 years were collected and the patient visited houspital due to “gingival atrophy for 1 year”. During the treatment， the blood glucose level of patient was monitored for a long time， and the color， morphology and texture of gingiva， probing depth（PD） of periodontal pocket， positive rate of bleeding on probing（BOP），and morphology of the alveolar bone were recorded 6 weeks，3 months，6 months，and 1 year after the initial periodontal therapy. The related literatures were reviewed，and the etiology， clinical characteristics，and the methods of prevention， diagnosis and treatment of the T1DM patient complicated with periodontitis were summarized. Results Before and after initial periodontal therapy， the blood glucose level of the patient was stable without significant fluctuations. Six weeks after initial periodontal therapy， the color of the patients’ gingiva became lighter， the degree of swelling was decreased， the texture was tough， the PD of periodontal pocket was decreased， and the positive rate of BOP was decreased to 13%. One year after initial periodontal therapy， a small amount of tartar and soft dirt could be seen on some tooth surfaces， and the gingiva of the other teeth were light pink， thin and tough.The PD was 0－4 mm， and the BOP percentage was about 14%， and there was no loose teeth in the whole mouth. Conclusion The patients with T1DM complicated with periodontitis should undergo the regular periodontal examinations and strict plaque control. On the premise of stable blood glucose， the initial periodontal therapy can effectively reduce the occurrence and development of the periodontal disease.

Key words: Initial periodontal therapy, Periodontitis, Diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Plaque control