吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 1571-1579.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201605305
冯智慧1, 张文春1, 李向群1, 孙广利1, 刘财2
Feng Zhihui1, Zhang Wenchun1, Li Xiangqun1, Sun Guangli1, Liu Cai2
摘要:
随着致密油、页岩气等非常规能源领域勘探程度的加深,特别是水平井位的大规模部署,微小断层的准确识别比以往更加重要。本文利用扩散滤波技术在压制噪声的同时能够增强地震同相轴横向连续性、使断点更加清晰、以及微小断层在窄频带地震数据中断层特征明显的特点,提出了一种基于高精度快速匹配追踪的分频相干加强微小断层识别方法。与常规短时窗傅氏变换谱分解技术相比,基于匹配追踪的谱分解技术更适用于地震信号非平稳性的特点。为了在保证匹配追踪算法计算高效性的同时进一步提高计算精度,对其进行了相应的改进:采用可变尺度参数的Morlet小波构建时频原子库,利用二阶微分复数道分析技术得到高分辨率三瞬参数,最后给出了具体的实现步骤。实际数据应用表明,与常规相干体技术相比,分频相干加强技术对微小断层的反映更为清晰、准确,而且对河道边界和岩性发育区等地质信息也有更好的反映。这不但为非常规勘探(以水平井钻探及大规模压裂为核心技术)提供了更详细的地质信息,而且在高含水老油田的剩余油开发中也将发挥更大的作用。
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