吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 736-753.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20170058
谈树成1, 郭翔宇1,2, 何小虎1, 谢志鹏2, 张亚辉1, 李惠民3, 郝爽3
Tan Shucheng1, Guo Xiangyu1,2, He Xiaohu1, Xie Zhipeng2, Zhang Yahui1, Li Huimin3, Hao Shuang3
摘要: 云南个旧锡多金属矿床处于滇东南锡矿带的西端,是全球最大的锡多金属矿床之一。锡石作为个旧锡矿床中最主要的矿石矿物,其矿物化学特征对矿床成因具有重要的指示意义。本文运用扫描电镜、电子探针等手段对个旧锡多金属矿床中6种不同类型矿石中的锡石进行了详细的内部结构和矿物化学特征研究,并对其可能的成因进行了探讨。扫描电镜研究结果发现,除层间氧化矿型锡石较破碎外,其余类型锡石内部均发育有明显的环带结构。电子探针分析结果显示:各类型矿石中锡石的SnO2质量分数变化范围为97.700%~101.728%;Ta2O5、FeO、ZrO2、HfO2平均质量分数较高,指示锡石形成于高温热液环境;(Fe+Mn)/(Nb+Ta)显示个旧锡矿区各类型矿石中的锡石具有热液锡石的特征,且各类型锡石中Nb2O5和MnO的质量分数极低,说明成矿热液可能来自于高度分异的花岗质岩浆,而Nb、Ta质量分数说明成矿作用发生于酸性-弱酸性环境中;In2O3质量分数显示了成矿温度及压力从块状硫化物型矿石、矽卡岩型矿石、电气石细脉带型矿石、含锡白云岩型矿石到层间氧化矿型矿石有逐渐降低的趋势;云英岩型矿石中锡石的In2O3质量分数较高还需进一步论证。锡石形成过程中岩浆热液物理化学条件的变化导致其内部环带结构的形成,电子探针数据显示锡石的环带结构中化学成分呈"锯齿状"变化,显示成矿作用发生于动荡的环境中,说明锡石沉淀具有多期多阶段的特征。
中图分类号:
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