中国东南海域中生界油气地质条件与勘探前景

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201501101

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国东南海域中生代地处欧亚板块东南缘, 夹持于欧亚板块、太平洋板块与印度澳大利亚板块之间。以往对于该区域的油气勘探多集中于新生代。笔者在前人研究的基础之上, 结合新近获得的地震资料, 开展了中国东南海域及周缘油气地质条件研究。结果表明:中国东南海域中生界分布广, 东海南部、台湾岛以及台西南盆地发育中生界深海相硅质岩, 可能与冲绳缝合带和菲律宾巴拉望缝合带形成有关;南海北部及周缘陆区发育上三叠统下侏罗统海相和海陆交互相碎屑岩及上侏罗统白垩系陆相碎屑岩, 可能与印支期缝合带的形成有关。从海域钻井及周缘陆区沉积层序资料推断, 中国东南海域有两套发育良好的烃源岩, 具有较强的生烃潜力:上三叠统下侏罗统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.28%~14.96%, 干酪根类型主要以Ⅱ₂型和Ⅲ型为主;下白垩统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.60%~2.00%, 干酪根类型以偏Ⅱ₂Ⅲ型为主。该海域发育两套生储盖组合:一套以上三叠统下侏罗统泥页岩为烃源岩, 中、上侏罗统砂岩为储层, 下白垩统泥页岩为盖层;另一套以下白垩统泥页岩为烃源岩, 白垩系砂岩为储层, 上白垩统泥页岩为盖层。它们相互可以形成"古生新储"、"自生自储"油气藏组合。因此, 中国东南海域中生界是值得关注的油气勘探新领域。

关键词: 盆地演化, 油气地质条件, 勘探前景, 烃源岩, 中生代, 中国东南海域

Abstract:

Southeast China Sea area is located in the southeast margin of the Eurasian plate, surrounded by the Pacific plate and Indian plate in the Mesozoic stage. The petroleum explorations in the past are more concentrated on the Tertiary in this area. Based on previous studies, We propose the Mesozoic is a noteworthy exploration through the analysis of petroleum geological conditions in the Southeast China Sea and its periphery. The results of our studies have shown that the Mesozoic strata widely distributes in Southeast China Sea. The distributions of Mesozoic in the southern East China Sea, the Taiwan Island and the southwest Taiwan basin were related to Okinawa suture zone and the Philippines Palawan suture zone, and there were deep sea facies siliceous sedimentation, and the distributions of Mesozoic in the northern South China Sea and the adjacent land areas, especially the marine strata were related to the early Ailao Mountain-Red River Indosinian suture zone, and there were the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic marine facies and marine-terrigenous facies clastic rocks and Late Jurassic-Cretaceous continental clastic sediments.It can be inferred from the drilling data and land geology that there are two sets of good hydrocarbon source rocks developed and stronger hydrocarbon generating potential in the Southeast China Sea. A series of hydrocarbon source rock is the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic marine mud shale, with organic carbon contents between 0.28%-14.96%, the main types of kerogen type dominatedⅡ₂ and Ⅲ, and another is the Lower Cretaceous marine mud-shale, with organic carbon content between 0.60%-2.00%, kerogen type Ⅲ, partial type Ⅱ₂. And there are two sets of source-reservoir-caprock assemblages. One is composed of the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic Marine mud-shale and Lower Cretaceous marine mud-shale as hydrocarbon source rocks, the Middle-Upper Jurassic sandstone as reservoir, together with the Early Cretaceous mud shale as caprock. Another is composed of the Early Cretaceous mud shale as hydrocarbon source rocks, and the Cretaceous sandstone as reservoir, the Upper Cretaceous or later mud-shale as caprocks. It is worth exploring plays formed by combining with the "lower source-upper reservoir" and "self source-self reservoir".

Key words: basin evolution, petroleum geological condition, exploration prospect, hydrocarbon source rocks, Mesozoic, Southeast China Sea area

中图分类号:

P618.13

杨长清, 李刚, 龚建明, 杨传胜. 中国东南海域中生界油气地质条件与勘探前景[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(1): 1-12.

Yang Changqing, Li Gang, Gong Jianming, Yang Chuansheng. Petroleum Geological Conditions and Exploration Prospect of the Mesozoic in Southeast China Sea Area[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(1): 1-12.

参考文献

[1] 朱伟林, 米立军, 高阳东, 等.大油气田发现推动中国海域油气勘探迈向新高峰:2012年中国海域勘探工作回顾[J].中国海上油气, 2013, 25(1):6-12. Zhu Weilin, Mi Lijun, Gao Yangdong, et al. The Discovery of Giant and Major Fields Has Given Impetus to Reaching a New Peak in Hydrocarbon Exploration Offshore China:A Review of 2012 Offshore Exploration in China[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2013, 25(1):6-12.

[2] 朱伟林.中国近海油气勘探进展[J].中国工程科学, 2010, 12(5):18-24. Zhu Weilin. Advancements of Oil and Gas Exploration in China Offshore Area:Overview and Perspective[J]. Engineering Science, 2010, 12(5):18-24.

[3] 张抗.中国油气产区战略接替形势与展望[J].石油勘探与开发, 2012, 39(5):513-523. Zhang Kang. Strategic Replacement Situation and Outlook of China Oil-Gas Production Area[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2012, 39(5):513-523.

[4] 何家雄, 夏斌, 施小斌, 等. 世界深水油气勘探进展与南海深水油气勘探前景[J].天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(6):747-757. He Jiaxiong, Xia Bin, Shi Xiaobin, et al. Prospect and Progress for Oil and Gas in Deep Waters of the World and the Potential and Prospect Foreground for Oil and Gas in Deep Waters of the South China Sea[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(6):747-757.

[5] 赖万忠.中国海域中生界油气勘探[J].中国海上油气:地质, 2001, 15(5):311-316. Lai Wanzhong. Mesozoic Petroleum Exploration in Offshore China[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology, 2001, 15(5):311-316.

[6] 叶德燎.东南亚石油资源与勘探潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2005, 10(1):55-64. Ye Deliao. Petroleum Resources and Exploration Potential in Southeast Asia[J].China Petroleum Exploration, 2005, 10(1):55-64.

[7] 何家雄, 姚永坚, 马文宏, 等. 南海东北部中生代残留盆地油气勘探现状与油气地质问题[J].天然气地球科学, 2007, 18(5):635-645. He Jiaxiong, Yao Yongjian, Ma Wenhong, et al. Status of Oil & Gas Exploration and Analysis of Geological Character in Mesozoic Residual Basins, Northeastern South China Sea[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2007, 18(5):635-645.

[8] 刘光鼎.中国石油天然气的一个新领域:前新生代海相残留盆地[J].中国海上油气:地质, 2003, 17(3):151-152. Liu Guangding. A New Petroleum Exploration Realm in China:Precenozoic Remnant Marine Basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology, 2003, 17(3):151-152.

[9] 陈汉宗, 孙珍, 周蒂. 华南中生代岩相变化及海相地层时空分布[J].热带海洋学报, 2003, 22(2):74-82. Chen Hanzong, Sun Zhen, Zhou Di. Distributions of Mesozoic Lithofacies and Marine Strata in South China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2003, 22(2):74-82.

[10] 王嘹亮, 程日辉, 李飞, 等.南海北部陆缘中生代沉积层序、对比和油气地质意义[J]. 吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2009, 39(2):175-182. Wang Liaoliang, Cheng Rihui, Li Fei, et al. The Mesozoic Sedimentary Sequences, Correlation and Geological Significance for Petroleum of the North Margin of South China Sea[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition, 2009, 39(2):175-182.

[11] 苏乃容, 曾麟, 李平鲁. 珠江口盆地东部中生代凹陷地质特征[J].中国海上油气:地质, 1995, 9(4):228-236. Su Nairong, Zeng Lin, Li Pinglu. Mesozoic Geological Characteristics of Sag in the Eastern Part of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology, 1995, 9(4):228-236.

[12] 杨长清, 杨传胜, 李刚, 等.东海陆架盆地南部中生代构造演化与原型盆地性质[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(3):105-111. Yang Changqing, Yang Chuansheng, Li Gang, et al. Mesozoic Tectonic Evolution and Prototype Basin Characters in the Southern East China Sea Shelf Basin[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(3):105-111.

[13] 周蒂, 王万银, 庞雄, 等. 地球物理资料所揭示的南海东北部中生代俯冲增生带[J]. 中国科学:D 辑:地球科学, 2006, 36(3):209-218. Zhou Di, Wang Wanyin, Pang Xiong, et al. Mesozoic Subduction Belt of the Northeastern South China Sea Revealed by Geophysical Data[J]. Science in China:Series D:Earth Sciences, 2006, 36(3):209-218.

[14] 郝沪军, 施和生, 张向涛, 等. 潮汕坳陷中生界及其石油地质条件:基于LF35-1-1探索井钻探结果的讨论[J].中国海上油气, 2009, 21(3):151-156. Hao Hujun, Shi Hesheng, Zhang Xiangtao, et al.Mesozoic Sediments and Their Petroleum Geology Conditions in Chaoshan Sag:A Discussion Based on Drilling Results from the Exploratory Well LF35-1-1[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2009, 21(3)::151-156.

[15] 魏喜, 邓晋福, 陈亦寒. 南海盆地中生代海相沉积地层分布特征及勘探潜力分析[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2005, 35(4):456-461. Wei Xi, Deng Jinfu, Chen Yihan.Distribution Characters and Exploration Potential of Mesozoic Sea Facies Sedimentary Strata in the South China Sea Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition, 2005, 35(4):456-461.

[16] 夏戡原, 黄慈流, 黄志明. 南海及邻区中生代(晚三叠世白垩纪)地层分布特征及含油气性对比[J].中国海上油气, 2004, 16(2):73-83. Xia Kanyuan, Huang Ciliu, Huang Zhiming.Upper Triassic-Cretaceous Sediment Distribution and Hydrocarbon Potential in South China Sea and Its Adjacent Areas[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2004, 16(2):73-83.

[17] 张莉, 耿安松, 王嘹亮, 等.华南陆缘中生界烃源岩条件评价[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(1):99-108. Zhang Li, Geng Ansong, Wang Liaoliang, et al. Assessment of Mesozoic Source Rocks at the Margin of South China Continent[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(1):99-108.

[18] 张莉, 沙志彬, 王立飞.南沙海域礼乐盆地中生界油气资源潜力[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2007, 27(4):97-102. Zhang Li, Sha Zhibin, Wang Lifei. Hydrocarbon Resources Potential of Mesozoic in Liyue Basin, Nansha Sea Areas[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2007, 27(4):97-102.

[19] 钟广见, 易海, 林珍, 等. 粤东和南海东北部陆坡区中生界及烃源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质, 2007, 28(6):676-680. Zhong Guangjian, Yi Hai, Lin Zhen, et al. Characteristic of Source Rocks and Mesozoic in Continental Slope Area of Northeastern the South China Sea and East Guangdong of China[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2007, 28(6):676-680.

[20] 邱燕, 温宁.南海北部边缘东部海域中生界及油气勘探意义[J].地质通报, 2004, 23(2):142-146. Qiu Yan, Wen Ning.Mesozoic in the Eastern Sea Area of the Northern Margin of the South China Sea and Its Significance for Oil/Gas Exploration[J].Geological Bulletin of China, 2004, 23(2):142-146.

[21] Cover S. New Discovery Stimulates Interest in Sou-theast Asian "Basement" Reservoirs[J]. Petro Min, 1994, 20:14-16.

[22] 王国纯.东海盆地前第三系与古潜山油气藏[J].石油勘探与开发, 1991, 18(2):11-18. Wang Guochun. A Discussion on the Pre-Tertiary System and Ancient Buried Hill Oil Pool in East China Sea Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1991, 18(2):11-18.

[23] 王英民, 钱奕中, 邓林, 等. 残余盆地成藏动力学过程研究方法[J].成都理工学院学报, 1998, 25(3):385-391. Wang Yingmin, Qian Yizhong, Deng Lin, et al. The Study Methods About Dynamic Petroleum Accumulation Progress of Residual Basins[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology, 1998, 25(3):385-391.

[24] 杨香华, 李安春. 东海大陆边缘基底性质与沉积盆地[J].中国海上油气:地质, 2003, 17(1):25-28. Yang Xianghua, Li Anchun. Basement Nature and Sedimentary Basins Along the Continental Margin in East China Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology, 2003, 17(1):25-28.

[25] 赵金海. 东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化:上[J].海洋石油, 2004, 24(4):6-14. Zhao Jinhai. The Forming Factors and Evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea[J].Offshore Oil, 2004, 24(4):6-14.

[26] 周蒂, 吴世敏, 陈汉宗. 南沙海区及邻区构造演化动力学的若干问题[J].大地构造与成矿学, 2005, 29(3):339-345. Zhou Di, Wu Shimin, Chen Hanzong. Some Remarks on the Tectonic Evolution of Nansha and Its Adjacent Regions in Southern South China Sea[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2005, 29(3):339-345.

[27] 环文林, 时振梁, 鄢家全. 中国东部及邻区中新生代构造演化与太平洋板块运动[J]. 地质科学, 1982(2):179-190. Huan Wenlin, Shi Zhenliang, Yan Jiaquan. Meso-Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of East China and Nearby Region and Movement of Pacific Plate[J]. Scientia Geologica Sinica, 1982(2):179-190.

[28] 臧邵先, 宁杰远. 菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块的相互作用及其对东亚构造运动的影响[J].地球物理学报, 2002, 45(2):188-197. Zang Shaoxian, Ning Jieyuan. Interaction Between Philippine (PH) Sea Plate and Eurasia (EU) Plate and Its Influence on the Movement Eastern Asia[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2002, 45(2):188-197.

[29] Li S Z, Santosh M, Zhao G C, et al. Intracontinental Deformation in a Frontier of Super-Convergence:A Perspective on the Tectonic Milieu of the South China Block[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2012, 49:311-327.

[30] Zhang G W, Guo A L, Wang Y J, et al. Tectonics of South China Continent and Its Implications[J].Science China:Earth Sciences, 2013, 56(11):1804-1828.

[31] 李思田, 路凤香, 林畅松, 等, 中国东部及邻区中、新生代盆地演化及地球动力学背景[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 1997. Li Sitian, Lu Fengxiang, Lin Changsong, et al. Evolution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basins in Eastern China and Their Geodynamic Background[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press, 1997.

[32] 张岳桥, 董树文, 李建华, 等. 华南中生代大地构造研究新进展[J].地球学报, 2012, 33(3):257-279. Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, et al. The New Progress in the Study of Mesozoic Tectonics of South China[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2012, 33(3):257-279.

[33] Hsu S K, Sibuet J C. Continent-Ocean Transition of the Northern South China Sea and off Southwestern Taiwan[J].Marine Geophysical Researches, 2004, 25(1/2):1-4.

[34] Kudrass H R, Wiedicke M, Capek P, et al. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Rocks Dredged from the South China Sea(Reed Bank Area)and Sulu Sea and Their Significance for Plate Tectonic Reconstructions[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1985(3):19-30.

[35] 周蒂, 孙珍, 陈汉宗, 等. 南海及其围区中生代岩相古地理和构造演化[J]. 地学前缘, 2005, 12(3):204-218. Zhou Di, Sun Zhen, Chen Hanzong, et al.Mesozoic Lithofacies, Paleo-Geography, and Tectonic Evolution of the South China Sea and Surrounding Areas[J].Earth Science Frontiers, 2005, 12(3):204-218.

[36] 李刚, 龚建明, 杨长清, 等."大东海"中生代地层分布:值得关注的新领域[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(3):96-104. Li Gang, Gong Jianming, Yang Changqing, et al. Stratigraphic Features of the Mesozoic "Great East China Sea":A New Exploration Field[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(3):97-105.

[37] 刘海龄, 谢国发, 阎贫, 等.南沙海区中生界岩相分布及构造特征[J].海洋与湖沼, 2007, 38(3):272-278. Liu Hailing, Xie Guofa, Yan Pin, et al. Mesozoic Lithofacies Distribution and Structural Characteristics of Nansha Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2007, 38(3):272-278.

[38] 颜沧波, 盛健君, 耿文溥, 等. 台湾省之中生代地层问题[J]. 台湾省地质调查所汇刊, 1956(8):1-14. Yan Cangbo, Sheng Jianjun, Geng Wenbo, et al. Issues of the Mesozoic Strata in Taiwan Province[J]. Taiwan Province Geological Survey Proceedings, 1956(8):1-14.

[39] 福建省地质矿产局. 福建省区域地质志[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1988:687-795. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Fujian Province. Regional Geology of Fujian Province[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1988:687-795.

[40] 广东省地质矿产局.广东省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社, 1988:820-941. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Guangdong Province. Regional Geology of Guangdong Province[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1988:820-941.

[41] Yao Y J, Liu H L, Yang C P, et al. Characteristics and Evolution of Cenozoic Sediments in the Liyue Basin, SE South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2012, 60:114-129.

[42] 须雪豪, 陈琳琳, 汪企浩. 东海陆架盆地中生界地质特征与油气资源潜力浅析[J].海洋石油, 2004, 24(3):1-8. Xu Xuehao, Chen Linlin, Wang Qihao. Analysis of Mesozoic Geological Characteristics and Resource Potential in the East China Sea Shelf Basin[J]. Offshore Oil, 2004, 24(3):1-8.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed