关键词: 遥感, 矿化蚀变, 主成分分析, 比值法, 信息提取, 黑龙江建边农场地区

Abstract: The Jianbian farm area in Heilongjiang Province is located at the intersection of the Great and Lesser Xing’an Ranges. The multi-stage magmatic and tectonic evolution history in this area has resulted in a complex and diverse geological background for mineralization. Based on the interpretation of Landsat ETM image data in the Jianbian farm area of Heilongjiang, this paper combined the mineral spectral characteristics and the basic geological data, and used the method system of “de-interference, principal component analysis, and ratio method combined with anomaly screening” to extract the mineralized alteration information, such as iron staining and hydroxylation in the study area. Thirteen hydroxyl mineralization alteration anomalies and seventeen iron-stained mineralization alteration anomalies were identified. The mineralized alteration anomalies were mainly found in Cretaceous volcanic strata and were mainly distributed along the intersection of NE- and NW-trending faults, NNW- and SN-trending faults. They were closely related to the contact zone of Mesozoic volcanic rocks and Early Cretaceous-Early Carboniferous intrusive rocks. Combining the known geological and mineral data and field verification results, it is found that iron-stained anomalous minerals such as limonite and hematite, as well as anomalous hydroxyl minerals such as carbonation and chloritization, were commonly developed in this area. The extracted iron-stained and hydroxyl mineralized alteration anomalies closely matched physical and chemical exploration anomalies, and were highly consistent with known Au, Cu and Mo occurrences and mineralized occurrences. This provides a theoretical basis and direction for the next step of mineral exploration in the study area.

Key words: remote sensing, mineralization alteration, principal component analysis, ratio method, information extraction, Jianbian farm area in Heilongjiang Province