Abstract: The surfaces of southern Xiangtang rockcut stone carvings has been destroyed more and more seriously and the structure, the aperture gaps and the grain size on the surface layer of the stone carvings has changed to some extent, such as the surfaces of cultural relics become coarse, cracked, and even completely destroyed. The composition and the structure of the every layer in the crust weathering,mainly the a grain sizes of the stone carving surface layer and the characteristic aperture gaps has been researched systematically with the help of polarizationmicroscope, SEM, IR, and ZHISS graphical analysis instrument and the variation rules and the corresponding origins of the aperture gaps and the grain sizes has been summed up.The research result shows that environment pollutants are responsible for the epigenetic transformation induced destroys of surfaces of stone relics.

Key words: the weathering crust of the stonecarvings, aperture gaps, grain sizes