Abstract: Based on the principle of minimum energy consumption of each ring in the wireless sensor network, we proposed a clustering algorithm for ring wireless sensor networks based on optimal cluster head number. Firstly, we calculated the optimal number of cluster heads in each ring in the network. Secondly, on the basis of this optimal number of cluster heads, the network was divided into several clusters of different sizes. Finally, when selecting the cluster head, the ratio of the optimal number of cluster heads of each ring to the number of nodes in the corresponding ring, the remaining energy of the node, the shortest distance from the cluster member node to the cluster head node and the distance from the cluster head node to the base station were considered. This solved the problem of excessive communication energy consumption of nodes in the wireless sensor network cluster, and balanced the energy consumption of network nodes. Simulation results show that the algorithm improves network energy efficiency and scalability, balances network energy consumption, and extends the lifetime of the network.

Key words: wireless sensor network, clustering algorithm, optimal number of cluster head, node residual energy, shortest distance