吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 534-541.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20230232
收稿日期:2022-05-06
出版日期:2023-03-28
发布日期:2023-04-24
通讯作者:
朱颖军
E-mail:zhuyingjun0207@sina.com
作者简介:孙 璐(1982-),女,天津市人,主治医师,医学硕士,主要从事子宫内膜异位症和早发性卵巢功能不全方面的研究。
基金资助:
Received:2022-05-06
Online:2023-03-28
Published:2023-04-24
摘要:
早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)是女性40岁前发生的内分泌疾病,引起的低雌激素症状、不孕及代谢改变严重影响女性健康。目前POI主要的治疗目的是改善低雌激素症状及促进生育,治疗手段主要有激素替代治疗(HRT)及辅助生殖技术。然而由于病因及发病机制尚未明确限制了POI治疗研究的进展。POI发病涉及复杂的遗传背景,主要包括X染色体异常、X染色体-常染色体易位、端粒异常、基因缺陷、蛋白及多肽表达改变和表观遗传改变等遗传因素,还涉及免疫因素、医源性因素(化疗、放疗和手术)、环境因素、代谢因素、感染因素和疫苗注射等。POI主要发病机制包括细胞凋亡、自噬过度和氧化应激等,而细胞凋亡、自噬和氧化应激三者相互影响,共同导致POI的发生。与POI发生有关的信号通路包括磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)信号通路、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)信号通路和Wnt/β连环蛋白(Wnt /β-catenin)信号通路等。现通过对POI的病因学和发病机制的相关研究进行简要综述,为POI的治疗提供思路。
中图分类号:
孙璐,郑群,范晓东,杨潇潇,李雯,朱颖军. 早发性卵巢功能不全病因学及发病机制的研究进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2023, 49(2): 534-541.
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