吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 1390-1407.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20260520

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

中药外敷治疗恶性胸腔积液有效性和安全性的Meta分析

阿格尔,王芹,焦丽静,龚亚斌()   

  1. 上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院肿瘤一科,上海 200437
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-22 接受日期:2026-07-13 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 龚亚斌 E-mail:gongyabin@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:阿格尔(1999-),女,辽宁省阜新市人,在读博士研究生,主要从事中医药防治恶性肿瘤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82074339);上海市卫健委科研项目〔ZY(2018-2020)-FWTX-6009〕

Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine external therapy in treating malignant pleural effusion

Geer A,Qin WANG,Lijing JIAO,Yabin GONG()   

  1. First Department of Oncology,Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200437,China
  • Received:2026-05-22 Accepted:2026-07-13 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-10-15
  • Contact: Yabin GONG E-mail:gongyabin@hotmail.com

摘要:

目的 系统评价中药外敷治疗恶性胸腔积液(MPE)的临床有效性和安全性,为临床应用提供循证医学依据。 方法 检索中国知网、维普、万方数据、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库,收集建库至2026年3月18日发表的中药外敷治疗MPE的随机对照试验(RCT)研究的文献。依据不同干预措施将患者分为试验组(采用中药外敷单独治疗或在西医常规治疗基础上联合中药外敷辅助治疗)和对照组(采用单纯西医常规治疗或安慰剂外敷)。采用RevMan 5.4和R 4.3.3软件实施Meta分析,结局指标包括患者胸腔积液缓解率、卡氏功能状态(KPS)评分、KPS评分改善率和不良反应发生率。该系统评价已在PROSPERO平台完成前瞻性注册(注册号:CRD420251178277)。 结果 共纳入25项RCT,总计1 616例患者。Meta分析,与对照组比较,试验组患者胸腔积液缓解率明显升高[相对危险度(RR)=1.30,95%置信区间(CI):1.22~1.40,P<0.000 1],KPS评分明显升高[均数差(MD)=9.28,95%CI:6.79~12.76,P<0.000 1],且KPS评分改善率明显升高(RR=1.42,95% CI:1.15~1.74,P=0.000 9)。安全性评价,与对照组比较,试验组患者胃肠道反应(RR=0.65,95%CI:0.51~0.82,P=0.000 3)、白细胞减少(RR=0.56,95%CI:0.33~0.93,P=0.03)和胸痛(RR=0.80,95%CI:0.67~0.97,P=0.02)发生率均明显降低,患者局部皮肤反应发生率明显升高(RR=8.38,95%CI:2.58~27.15,P=0.000 4)。 结论 中药外敷作为辅助治疗在改善MPE患者胸腔积液缓解率及功能状态方面具有潜在价值,但需关注皮肤不良反应。

关键词: 中药外敷, 恶性胸腔积液, Meta分析, 系统评价, 随机对照试验

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of external application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion (MPE), and to provide evidence-based support for clinical application. Methods The databases including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biology Medicine, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to retrieve the studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on external application of traditional Chinese medicine for MPE published from inception to March 18, 2026. The patients were divided into experimental group (receiving external application of traditional Chinese medicine alone or as an adjunct to conventional Western medical treatment) and control group (receiving conventional Western medical treatment alone or placebo external application). RevMan 5.4 and R 4.3.3 softwares were used to conduct the meta-analysis. The outcome measures included pleural effusion response rate, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score, KPS score improvement rate, and incidence of adverse reactions. This systematic review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD420251178277). Results A total of 25 RCTs involving 1 616 patients were included. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with control group, the pleural effusion response rate of the patients in experimental group was significantly increased [risk ratio (RR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.40, P<0.000 1], the KPS score was significantly increased [mean difference (MD)=9.28, 95%CI: 6.79-12.76, P<0.000 1], and the KPS score improvement rate was significantly increased (RR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.15-1.74, P=0.000 9). For safety outcomes, compared with control group, the incidences of gastrointestinal reactions (RR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.51-0.82, P=0.000 3), leukopenia (RR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.33-0.93, P=0.03), and chest pain (RR=0.80, 95%CI: 0.67-0.97, P=0.02) of the patients in experimental group were significantly decreased, while the incidence of local skin reactions was significantly increased (RR=8.38, 95%CI: 2.58-27.15, P=0.000 4). Conclusion External application of traditional Chinese medicine, as an adjunctive treatment, shows potential value in improving the pleural effusion response rate and functional status in the patients with MPE, but skin adverse reactions should be closely monitored.

Key words: External application of traditional Chinese medicine, Malignant pleural effusion, Meta-analysis, Systematic evaluation, Randomized controlled trial

中图分类号: 

  • R273