吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1324-1331.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587x.20200634
收稿日期:2020-03-27
出版日期:2020-11-28
发布日期:2022-08-24
通讯作者:
高影
E-mail:gaoyingcc@sina.com
作者简介:王雨涵 (1995-),女,山东省潍坊市人,在读医学硕士,主要从事糖尿病及其并发症方面的研究。
基金资助:
Received:2020-03-27
Online:2020-11-28
Published:2022-08-24
摘要:
肝脏超声检查是筛查非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的首选方法,肝组织活检是诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的金标准,目前对于NASH和肝纤维化的无创检测手段主要有氢质子磁共振波谱分析(1H-MRS)、肝脏瞬时弹性成像技术(FibroScan)、血清细胞角蛋白18片段(CK-18)等血清标志物、NASHtest、NAFLD纤维化评分(NFS)等无创诊断模型。当糖尿病(DM)前期和DM患者出现丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平升高或者超声诊断为脂肪肝时,应对这些患者是否存在NASH和肝纤维化进行评估。在加强NAFLD患者肝脏方面评估的同时,还应重视代谢紊乱和心血管方面的评估,以改善患者预后。通过饮食、运动减轻体质量是治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)和NAFLD的有效手段。以胰高糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂和钠-葡萄糖协同转动蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂为代表的新型降糖药物在T2DM和NAFLD治疗方面显示出广阔前景,黄连素可降低T2DM患者的血脂和血糖,改善胰岛素抵抗(IR),减轻体质量,益生菌制剂也成为近年来研究的热点。现回顾近年来关于T2DM与NAFLD的相关研究和公布的相关指南,阐述NAFLD和T2DM的流行病学特征和NAFLD的诊断与评估,总结NAFLD和T2DM的治疗方法,并提出治疗新方向。
中图分类号:
王雨涵,高影. 非酒精性脂肪性肝病并发2型糖尿病诊断和治疗的研究进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2020, 46(6): 1324-1331.
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