The RAW264.7 cells were divided into normal control （NG）group，normal glucose inhibition （NG+ miR-125b inhibitor） group，high glucose stimulation （HG） group and high glucose inhibition （HG+ miR-125b inhibitor） group. The cells in each group were cultured in vitro for 72 h， and the cells and supernatant were collected. RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression levels of M1/M2 polarization-related genes and the expression levels of miR-125b in the cells in various groups.ELISA method was used to detect the levels of M1/M2 polarization-related cytokines in supernatant of the cells in various groups； flow cytometry was used to detect the positive expression rates of M1/M2 polarization surface markers CD86 （M1 marked） and CD206（M2 marked）.The expression of miR-125b in the cells was silenced through miR-125b inhibitor， and RT-qPCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression levels of key transcription factors interferon regulator 4 （IRF4），interferon regulator 5 （IRF5）， and peroxisome-activated receptor （PPAR） mRNA and proteins associated with M1/M2 polarization in the cells in various groups.

After treated with high glucose for 72 h， compared with NG group， the IL-10 mRNA expression level and the level of IL-10 in the cell supernatant in HG group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the expression levels of IL-1β and TLR4 mRNA were significantly increased（P<0.01）， and the levels of IL-1β，IL-6， and IL-12 in the cell supernatant were increased （P<0.01）.Compared with NG group， the positive expression rate of CD86 in HG group was significantly increased（P<0.05）， while the positive expression rate of CD206 was significantly decreased （P<0.05）； at the same time， the expression level of miR-125b was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The expression level of miR-125b was silenced by miR-125b inhibitor， compared with NG and HG groups respectively， the expression levels of miR-125b after transfection in NG+miR-125b inhibitor group and HG+miR-125b inhibitor were decreased significantly （P<0.01）， the IL-10 mRNA expression levels in the cells and the levels of IL-10 in the cell supernatant were significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the expression levels of IL-1β and TLR4 mRNA and the levels of IL-12， IL-6， and IL-1β in the cell supernatant were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）； the positive expression rates of CD86 in the cells were significantly decreased（P<0.05 or P<0.01）， and the positive expression rates of CD206 were significantly increased（P<0.05）.Compared with NG group， the expression levels of IRF4， PPAR mRNA and proteins in HG group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the expression levels of IRF5 mRNA and protein were increased （P<0.01）； after silencing the expression of miR-125b， compared with NG group， the mRNA and protein expression levels of IRF4 and PPAR in the cells in NG+miR-125b inhibitor group were increased significantly（P<0.01）， while the expression levels of IRF5 mRNA and protein were decreased（P<0.05）.Compared with HG group，the expression levels of IR4 and PPAR mRNA and proteins in the cells in HG+miR-125b inhibitor group were decreased（P<0.01），while the expression level of IRF5 miRNA was significantly decreased（P<0.01）.

High glucose stimulation can induce to the macrophage polarization to the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype， and the expression level of miR-125b is also significantly increased. Silencing the expression of miR-125b can partially reverse the macrophages induced by high glucose stimulation to the pro-inflammatory type change，and this process may be achieved by up-regulating IRF4， PPAR and down-regulating IRF5.