松嫩流域湿地景观动态变化化

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201501307

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以1975、2000、2007年遥感影像为数据源, 应用RS与GIS技术, 运用动态度模型景观梯度和景观格局指数, 对松嫩流域湿地景观信息进行动态分析。结果表明:松嫩流域湿地总面积从25574.94 km²(1975年)减少到18 152.58 km²(2000年)后增加到25 761.01 km²(2007年), 动态度由-1.21%增加到了5.99%。天然湿地景观梯度(DI)总体呈收缩的趋势, 人工湿地反之, 梯度最高值由37持续增加到了69, 50< DI ≤ 70的高值分布区从无到有, 在2007年共有高值区5处。湿地的香农多样性指数增加了0.210 3, 景观多样性增加, 斑块破碎程度加剧;香农均匀性指数增加了0.097 2, 聚集度指数减少了8.005 1, 湿地景观在空间配置上趋于零碎和分散, 连接程度减少。人工湿地的斑块密度大幅增加, 面积加权的平均斑块分形指数略大, 具有较高的不规则程度。

关键词: 动态度模型, 景观格局指数, 景观梯度, 湿地

Abstract:

The authors study on the wetland's change of SonghuajiangNenjiang River Basin by RS and GIS technology, using the MSS, ETM and CBERS as the data source, and applying the dynamic model, landscape gradient and landscape metrics for dynamic analysis. Results showed that, the wetland area was 25 574.94 km² in 1975, decreased to 18 152.58 km² in 2000, and increased to 25 761.01 km² in 2007. The dynamic degree of wetland increased from -1.21% to 5.99%. The landscape gradient of natural wetland showed trends of contraction. The artificial wetland change is on the contrary. The highest value of artificial wetland increased from 37 to 69, and there are 5 high value landscape gradient zones(50< DI ≤ 70) distributed in the study area in 2007. The patch density of artificial wetland increased significantly, the Area weighted mean patch fractal index slightly larger than natural wetland, it has a high degree of irregularity. The Shannon diversity index of wetland increased 0.210 3, the Shannon evenness index of wetland increased 0.097 2, and the contagion index of wetland decreased 8.005 1, which means the landscape diversity of wetland was gradually increasing, the fragmentation of wetland intensified.

Key words: dynamic model, landscape pattern index, landscape gradient, wetland

中图分类号:

TP79

武慧智, 姜琦刚, 李远华, 崔剑, 冯涛. 松嫩流域湿地景观动态变化化[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(1): 327-334.

Wu Huizhi, Jiang Qigang, Li Yuanhua, Cui Jian, Feng Tao. Dynamic Change of Wetland Landscape Pattern in Songhuajiang-Nenjiang River Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(1): 327-334.

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