基于震幅叠加的微地震事件定位在地面监测中的应用

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201701305

吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 255-264.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201701305

基于震幅叠加的微地震事件定位在地面监测中的应用

吴建光¹, 张平¹, 吕昊², 曾晓献²

1. 中联煤层气有限责任公司, 北京 100011;
2. 吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院, 长春 130026

收稿日期:2016-05-13 出版日期:2017-01-26 发布日期:2017-01-26
通讯作者: 吕昊(1980-),男,在站博士后,主要从事微地震定位及地震数据处理研究,E-mail:lv_hao_jlu@163.com E-mail:lv_hao_jlu@163.com
作者简介:吴建光(1962-),男,教授级高级工程师,主要从事煤层气勘探开发工程研究,E-mail:wujg@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项项目（2011ZX05060）

Application of Microseismic Event Location Using Amplitude Summation in Surface Monitoring

Wu Jianguang¹, Zhang Ping¹, Lü Hao², Zeng Xiaoxian²

1. China United Coalbed Methane Corporation, Beijing 100011, China;
2. College of Instrument Science and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China

Received:2016-05-13 Online:2017-01-26 Published:2017-01-26
Supported by:
Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project (2011ZX05060)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在微地震地面监测中,由于微地震信号能量微弱,因此很难对微地震事件进行精确拾取。本文提出了一种基于STA/LTA（short term averaging/long term averaging）的判别频率估计模式识别方法,可以避免由于设定阈值出现漏判小能量微地震事件的情况,并在精度上比传统的STA/LTA方法提升10%以上。采用基于震幅叠加的能量聚焦方法对微地震事件进行定位计算,同时通过对能量聚焦结果的分析,进一步剔除“假”的微地震事件,从而能够更加精确地描述地下裂缝的发育情况。最后,通过对河北北部一水平井的压裂监测对该方法进行验证,结果表明,本方法计算效率高、监测结果获得施工单位的认可,能够对下一步压裂施工方案提供理论指导。

关键词: 压裂监测, 短长时窗, 微地震事件, 能量聚焦, 频率估计, 油田开发

Abstract: Because the microseismic signals are very weak, it is difficult to accurately pick up the microseismic events in the microseismic surface monitoring. To automatically identify microseismic signals, a discriminant frequency estimation algorithm of pattern recognition method based on STA/LTA was proposed in the article. This method can pick up low-energy microseismic events that could be missed by setting a threshold, and it is faster than traditional STA/LTA. In this paper, we also utilize amplitude stacking to locate the source of microseismic events. By analyzing the focus of energy of the stacked amplitude, false events can be further eliminated. Therefore, the method can describe the development of the underground cracks more accurately. Finally, the method is verified by a fracture monitoring experiment around a horizontal well in northern Hebei Province. The results show that the method is highly efficient in computation and the monitoring results are accepted by the fracturing operators. It can provide theoretical guidance to the subsequent fracturing operations.

Key words: microseismic monitoring, short and long time window, microseismic event, energy focus, frequency estimate, oil field development

中图分类号:

P631.4

吴建光, 张平, 吕昊, 曾晓献. 基于震幅叠加的微地震事件定位在地面监测中的应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2017, 47(1): 255-264.

Wu Jianguang, Zhang Ping, Lü Hao, Zeng Xiaoxian. Application of Microseismic Event Location Using Amplitude Summation in Surface Monitoring[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(1): 255-264.

参考文献

[1] Song F, Toks z M N. Full-Waveform Based Complete Moment Tensor Inversionand Source Parameter Estimation from Downhole Microseismic Data for Hydrofracture Monitoring[J]. Geophysics, 2011, 76:103-116.
[2] De Pater C J, Groenenboom J. Active Seismic Moni-toring of Hydraulic Fractures in Laboratory Experiments[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2001, 38(6):777-785.
[3] Ge M. Efficient Mine Microseismic Monitoring[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2005, 6(1/2):44-56.
[4] Warpinski N R. Microseismic Monitoring:Inside and out[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 2009, 61:80-85.
[5] 刘财,杨宝俊,冯晅,等.论油气资源的多元勘探[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2016,46(4):1208-1220. Liu Cai, Yang Baojun, Feng Xuan, et al. Multivariate Exploration Technology of Hydrocarbon Resources[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2016, 46(4):1208-1220.
[6] Bulant P, Eisner L, Pšencík I, et al. Importance of Borehole Deviation Surveys for Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracturing Treatments[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 2007, 55:891-899.
[7] Chambers K, Kendall J M, Brandsberg-Dahl S, et al. Testing the Ability of Surface Arrays to Monitor Microseismic Activity[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 2010, 58:821-830.
[8] Li Junlun, Sadi Kuleli H, Zhang Haijiang, et al. Focal Mechanism Determination of Induced Microearth-quakes in an Oil Field Using Full Waveforms from Shallow and Deep Seismic Networks[J]. Geophysics, 2011, 76:87-101.
[9] Maxwell S C, Rutledge J, Jones R, et al. Petroleum Reservoir Characterization Using Downhole Microseismic Monitoring[J]. Geophysics, 2010, 75:129-137.
[10] Zhang Shan, Liu Qinglin, Zhao Qun, et al. Aplica-tion of Microseismic Monitoring Technology in Development of Oil Field[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2002, 41(2):226-231.
[11] Rutledge J T, Phillips W S. Hydraulic Stimulations of Natural Fracture as Revealed by Induced Microearthquakes Carthage Cotton Valley Gas Field East Texas[J]. Geophysics, 2003, 68:441-452.
[12] Moriya H. Phase-only Correlation of Time-Varying Spectral Representations of Microseismic Data for Identification of Similar Seismic Events[J]. Geophysics, 2011, 76:37-45.
[13] Grechka V, Pech A, Tsvankin I. P-Wave Stacking Velocity Tomography for VTI Media[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 2002, 50:151-168.
[14] Gei D, Eisner L, Suhadolc P. Feasibility of Estimating Vertical Transverse Isotropy from Microseismic Data Recorded by Surface Monitoring Arrays[J]. Geophysics, 2011, 76:117-126.
[15] 张山,刘清林,赵群,等.微地震监测技术在油田开发中的应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):226-231. Zhang Shan, Liu Qinglin, Zhao Qun, et al. Microseismic Monitoring Technology in Oil Field Development[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2002, 41(2):226-231.
[16] Ren T X, Reddish D J. Styles P Numerical Modelling and Microseismic Monitoring to Improve Strata Behaviour[J]. Computer Applications in the Minerals Industries, 2001, 5:1-10.
[17] Maxwell S C, Urbancic T I. The Role of Passive Microseismic Monitoring in the Instrumented Oil Field[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. San Antonio:[s. n.], 2002:85-87.
[18] 叶根喜,姜福兴,杨淑华.时窗能量特征法拾取微地震波初始到时的可行性研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1574-1581. Ye Genxi, Jiang Fuxing, Yang Shuhua. Window Energy Feature Pickup Microseismic Wave First Arrival of Feasibility Study[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2008, 51(5):1574-1581.
[19] 高淑芳,李山有,武东坡,等.一种改进的STA/LTA震相自动识别方法[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(2):37-41. Gao Shufang, Li Shanyou, Wu Dongpo, et al. An Improved STA/LTA Automatic Recognition Method of Seismic Phase[J]. World Earthquake Engineering, 2008, 24(2):37-41.
[20] Li Zhengguang, Yang Runhai, Zhao Jinming, et al. Rock-Braking Test Research on Earthquake Sequence Type[J]. Journal of Seismological Research, 2005, 28(4):388-393.
[21] 胡光书.数字信号处理:理论、算法与实现[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,1997. Hu Guangshu. Digital Signal Processing:Theory, Algorithm and Implementation[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 1997.
[22] 吕昊. 基于油田压裂微地震监测的震相识别与震源定位方法研究[D]. 长春:吉林大学,2012. Lü Hao. Research on the Seismic Phase Identification and the Source Location Based on Oilfield Fracture Microseismic Monitoring[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2012.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

基于震幅叠加的微地震事件定位在地面监测中的应用

Application of Microseismic Event Location Using Amplitude Summation in Surface Monitoring

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 1

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0