吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 380-393.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20180055

• 地质与资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

沉积学粒度分析方法综述

袁红旗1, 王蕾1, 于英华1, 张冬杰1, 许凤鸣2, 刘海涛3   

  1. 1. 东北石油大学地球科学学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163318;
    2. 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探事业部, 黑龙江 大庆 163453;
    3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-13 出版日期:2019-03-26 发布日期:2019-03-28
  • 作者简介:袁红旗(1979-),男,教授,博士,主要从事沉积学及石油地质方面的研究,E-mail:yuan_flag@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41572126）；黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究项目（SJGY20170029）；黑龙江省教育规划重大课题分项课题（GJ20170023）；黑龙江省教育科学"十三五"规划重点课题（GBB1317022）；国家大型油气田及煤层气开发专项（2016ZX05006-005）

Review of Sedimentary Grain Size Analysis Methods

Yuan Hongqi1, Wang Lei1, Yu Yinghua1, Zhang Dongjie1, Xu Fengming2, Liu Haitao3   

  1. 1. College of Geosciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China;
    2. Exploration Department of Daqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Daqing 163453, Heilongjiang, China;
    3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2018-03-13 Online:2019-03-26 Published:2019-03-28
  • Supported by:
    Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41572126),Research Project on the Reform of Higher Education in Heilongjiang Province (SJGY20170029), Sub Project of Major Subjects of Education Planning in Heilongjiang Province (GJ20170023), Important Educational Foundation of "13th Five-Year" Plan in Heilongjiang Province (GBB1317022) and Special National Oil and Gas Field and Coal Bed Gas Development (2016ZX05006-005)

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摘要： 文章回顾了粒度分析的历史，总结了常用的粒径类型，介绍了粒度标准和目前沉积学中常用的5种粒度分析方法，并对其中的沉降法、场干扰分析法、图像法作了详细的分类说明。此外，对每一种粒度分析方法的适用范围、测定原理以及其存在的优缺点也进行了详细的介绍。其中：直接测量法简单易行，但精度较差；筛析法较为普遍，但只限于松散或弱胶结沉积物，且不能反映颗粒形状；沉降法适用于松散样、弱胶结样和液体样的分析，可对细砂、粉砂或泥等细粒沉积物进行测量；场干扰法主要依据碎屑颗粒的衍射、散射及电压脉冲响应进行，固体样和液体样均可，精度高，适用性广；图像法手段多样，简单直观，操作性强。总体上，未来的几十年内，粒度分析方法仍将是新旧技术并存，多种方法共用的状况。

关键词: 粒度分析方法, 粒径, 沉降法, 照片法, 图像分割法

Abstract: In this paper, the authors review the history of grain size analysis, summarize the commonly used grain size types, introduce the grain size standards and the five grain size analysis methods usually used in sedimentology at present, and give a detailed classification of sedimentation method, field interference analysis method and image method. In addition, the scope of application, the principle of measurement, the advantages and disadvantages of each grain size analysis method are also introduced in detail. Of them,direct measurement method is simple, but poor in accuracy; Sieving analysis is common, but can only precede loose or weakly cemented sediments and cannot reflect grain shape; Sedimentation method is suitable for the analysis of loose samples, weak cemented samples and liquid samples, and can measure fine grained sediments such as fine sand, silt and mud; Field interference method is mainly based on the diffraction, scattering and voltage impulse response of detritus grains, both solid and liquid samples, with high accuracy, and wide applicability; Image method is diverse, simple and intuitive, and strongly operable. In general, in the next few decades, these grain size analysis methods will still co-exist with old and new technologies.

Key words: grain size analysis method, grain size, sedimentation analysis, photogrammetry, image segmentation method

中图分类号: 

  • P57.1
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