一维水质模型结合改进的输出系数法在流域非点源污染负荷估算中的应用

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190208

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非点源污染是导致流域水体水质恶化的关键污染来源之一，为了估算流域非点源污染负荷，本文提出将一维水质模型应用于分离监测断面点源污染负荷和非点源污染负荷的方法，并结合了改进的输出系数法，以COD_Mn和NH₃-N为代表性指标，将该模型应用于潮河下游流域，并与传统的水文分割法结合改进的输出系数法估算非点源污染负荷的结果进行对比。结果表明，一维水质模型结合改进的输出系数法估算流域非点源COD_Mn和NH₃-N污染负荷模拟值的纳什系数均在0.800以上，具有良好的模拟精度，同时避免了水文分割法无法较好地模拟枯水期非点源污染负荷的弊端。该方法在运用SWAT（soil and water assessment tool）模型预测得到水文数据的情况下，能够预测流域非点源污染负荷，作为SWAT模型对COD模拟的补充。

关键词: 非点源污染, 一维水质模型, 水文分割法, 输出系数法, SWAT

Abstract: Non-point source (NPS) pollution is one of the key source pollution that leads to the deterioration of water quality in watersheds. In order to estimate the non-point source pollution load, COD_Mn and NH₃-N were taken as the representative indexes, the 1-dimensional water quality model was applied to separate the point source pollution load and the NPS pollution load from water quality monitoring sections,and combined with the improved export coefficient method to estimate the NPS pollution load in the basin. The application results from the downstream of the Chao River basin were compared with that of the traditional hydrological segmentation method combined with the improved export coefficient method. It is shown that the Nash coefficients of the 1-dimensional water quality model combined with the improved export coefficient method are both over 0.8 to estimate the simulated values of NPS pollution load of COD_Mn and NH₃-N, which shows a high simulation accuracy; At the same time, it avoids the shortcomings that the hydrological segmentation method cannot be used to simulate the NPS pollution load in dry season. The result shows that 1-dimensional water quality model combined with improved export coefficient method is a reasonable method to estimate different non-point source pollution loads, this method can be used to predict the NPS pollution load in the basin based on the hydrological data by the SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) model, and as a supplement to the COD simulation of the SWAT model.

Key words: non-point source pollution, 1-dimensional water quality model, hydrological segmentation method, export coefficient method, soil and water assessment tool

中图分类号:

P641

周睿, 王博, 林豪栋, 杨继洲, 韦大明. 一维水质模型结合改进的输出系数法在流域非点源污染负荷估算中的应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2021, 51(2): 505-515.

Zhou Rui, Wang Bo, Lin Haodong, Yang Jizhou, Wei Daming. Application of 1-Dimensional Water Quality Model Combined with the Improved Export Coefficient Method in Polluting Load Estimation of Non-Point Source Pollution[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2021, 51(2): 505-515.

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