模拟酸雨对东北地区农作物生长、生理及品质的影响

J4 ›› 2011, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 866-872.

模拟酸雨对东北地区农作物生长、生理及品质的影响

孟赫,董德明,王菊,张胜楠,侯洁,杨萌尧,房春生

吉林大学环境与资源学院, 长春130012

收稿日期:2010-10-20 出版日期:2011-05-26 发布日期:2011-05-26
通讯作者: 房春生(1971-)，男，黑龙江齐齐哈尔人，教授，博士，主要从事环境规划与评价研究 E-mail:fangcs@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:孟赫(1980-)|女|满族|辽宁本溪人|博士研究生|主要从事环境规划与评价研究|E-mail:hemeng2009@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家“973”计划项目(2005CB422207)

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth, Physiology and Quality of Crop in Northeast of China

MENG He, DONG De-ming, WANG Ju, ZHANG Sheng-nan, HOU Ji, YANG Meng-yao, FANG Chun-sheng

College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China

Received:2010-10-20 Online:2011-05-26 Published:2011-05-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过模拟试验，研究不同pH模拟酸雨胁迫对农作物（小白菜）生长、生理及品质的影响，量化不同pH酸雨对小白菜的影响程度。试验结果表明：小白菜植株受害与pH密切相关，酸性越强，胁迫影响越显著，受害程度越重。随着酸雨酸性增强，小白菜生长受抑，生物量、株高等明显降低，食部鲜质量、干质量受影响程度比根部鲜质量、干质量大。在酸雨胁迫下，小白菜游离氨基酸总量、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和维生素C含量均出现不同程度的降低，且酸性越强，受影响幅度越大，弱酸条件下可在一定程度上促进营养物质的合成。酸雨可抑制叶绿素类与类胡萝卜素合成，影响光合作用，最终导致产量降低、品质下降。

关键词: 模拟酸雨, 生长, 生理, 品质

Abstract:

This study was designed to reveal the effects of simulated acid rain on growth, physiology and quality of crop(pakchoi), in Northeast of China. Pakchoi growing in the greenhouse was exposed to simulated acid rain and to a control group. The results showed that the injury of pakchoi was highly correlated to pH of acid rain. Biomass and plant height decreased significantly after the exposure to simulated acid rain indicating that simulated acid rain may limit the growth of pakchoi. Compared with root, eat-part was more sensitive to acid rain. The contents of total free amino acids, soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C were decreased under the treatment of simulated acid rain. As increasing acidity of simulated acid rain, the concentrations of quality decreased obviously. Under the treatment of weak acid, the synthesis of nutrients of pakchoi was promoted. The synthesis of chlorophyll and carotenoid were inhibited, and the photosynthesis affected by acid rain，which ultimately lead to lower production, quality degradation.

Key words: simulated acid rain, growth, physiology, quality

中图分类号:

X517

孟赫, 董德明, 王菊, 张胜楠, 侯洁, 杨萌尧, 房春生. 模拟酸雨对东北地区农作物生长、生理及品质的影响[J]. J4, 2011, 41(3): 866-872.

MENG He, DONG De-ming, WANG Ju, ZHANG Sheng-nan, HOU Ji, YANG Meng-yao, FANG Chun-sheng. Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth, Physiology and Quality of Crop in Northeast of China[J]. J4, 2011, 41(3): 866-872.

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