辽西黄土陡坡的冲刷破坏机制

吉林大学学报(地球科学版)

辽西黄土陡坡的冲刷破坏机制

吴谦¹，王常明¹，马栋和²，宋朋燃¹

1.吉林大学建设工程学院，长春130026
2.中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司，长春130026

收稿日期:2012-12-10 出版日期:2013-09-26 发布日期:2013-09-26
通讯作者: 王常明（1966-），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事岩土力学的教学与研究 E-mail:wangcm@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:吴谦(1989-)，男，博士研究生，主要从事工程地质方面的研究，E-mail:282497832@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（40972171）

Mechanism of Steep Loess Slope Rainfall Erosion in Western Liaoning

Wu Qian¹，Wang Changming¹，Ma Donghe²，Song Pengran¹

1.College of Construction Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun130026，China;
2. China Water Northeast Investigation Design & Research Co. Ltd, Changchun130026，China

Received:2012-12-10 Online:2013-09-26 Published:2013-09-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以70°辽西黄土陡坡为例，在降雨强度为2.7 mm/min条件下对边坡坡面冲刷破坏特征进行了室内物理试验模拟。试验发现：随着降雨的持续坡面水流能量不断增加，致使侵蚀强度增强；边坡的侵蚀方式从试验初期的片蚀，到中期的细沟侵蚀，最后演化为坡顶部的切沟侵蚀和坍塌。基于试验成果，采用SEEP/W程序对降雨条件下边坡降雨入渗规律进行数值模拟，发现在降雨过程中坡顶部所产生的水头压力最大，随高度降低呈减小趋势；运用PFC2D颗粒流软件从微观角度对坡体土颗粒运动情况进行模拟，结果发现位于坡顶的颗粒最先被径流冲刷带走，且下落速度很快。经对比表明：数值模拟结果和物理模拟试验现象基本一致，可为进一步研究黄土边坡冲刷破坏规律提供参考。

关键词: 辽西黄土, 陡坡, 物理模拟, 冲刷破坏, 入渗规律, 颗粒流

Abstract:

A series of physical simulation experiments of slope rainfall erosion were conducted in laboratory on steep loess slope of 70° in Western Liaoning under a rainfall intensity of 2.7 mm/min. It was found that as the rainfall lasted, the energy and erosion intensity of water flow increased. The erosion pattern verified from splash and sheet erosion to rill erosion, and finally evolved into gully erosion and collapse on top of the slope. Based on the experiment, the distribution of rainfall seepage in the slope was simulated by SEEP/W. Results showed that the water pressure on top of the slope was the highest, and it reduced as the height decreased. The microcosmic motion of soil particle was also simulated by PFC2D, it was found that particles on top of the slope were firstly washed off by water flow, and rapidly fell down. The simulation results are consistent with the indoor model experiment, which provide a reference for research on rainfall erosion properties of loess slope.

Key words: loess in western Liaoning, steep slope, physical simulation, rainfall erosion, seepage law, particle flow code

中图分类号:

P642.22

吴谦，王常明，马栋和，宋朋燃. 辽西黄土陡坡的冲刷破坏机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(5): 1563-1571.

Wu Qian，Wang Changming，Ma Donghe，Song Pengran. Mechanism of Steep Loess Slope Rainfall Erosion in Western Liaoning[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(5): 1563-1571.

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