吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 61-80.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201501106
赵小青1,2, 程日辉2, 于振锋2,3, 孙凤贤1, 王鹏1, 高会军1
Zhao Xiaoqing1,2, Cheng Rihui2, Yu Zhenfeng2,3, Sun Fengxian1, Wang Peng1, Gao Huijun1
摘要:
海拉尔盆地乌南凹陷南一段时期断裂和火山作用强烈, 导致岩石碎屑组成具有多样性。碎屑成分有火山碎屑、变质岩碎屑和其他剥蚀碎屑。碎屑多样性使本区岩性及其分区具有鲜明的特色。岩性丰度、矿物组合、阴极发光及其重矿物组合研究显示, 区内存在4个单岩性区和2个混合区。单岩性区是变质岩碎屑岩区、火山碎屑沉积岩区、熔结火山碎屑岩区和火山碎屑岩区。根据岩石中各碎屑组成的体积分数可将混合区分为正常沉积碎屑占优势的混合区和火山碎屑占优势的混合区。各单岩性区与构造单元相符合, 变质岩碎屑岩区对应乌西断阶带, 火山碎屑沉积岩区和熔结火山碎屑岩区对应巴彦塔拉构造带, 火山碎屑岩区为乌东弧形构造带的一部分。地球化学数据显示本区源岩岩浆属于壳源花岗质岩浆, 同时受到明显的幔源岩浆影响, 重稀土较富集。乌西断阶带具有高的稀土总量和不明显的Eu负异常, 变质源岩岩浆壳幔混染程度高;巴彦塔拉构造带具有低的稀土总量和明显的Eu负异常, 源岩岩浆壳幔混染程度中等;乌东弧形构造带具有高的稀土总量和明显的Eu负异常, 源岩岩浆壳幔混染程度低。Dickinson图解显示, 乌东弧形构造带源区没有深切割, 而巴彦塔拉构造带源区经过了深切割。德尔布干断裂的正滑移导致嵯岗构造片麻岩发育和嵯岗隆起相对隆升, 为乌西断阶带提供变质碎屑沉积物, 形成扇三角洲沉积体系;同时断裂又为幔源岩浆的上升提供了通道。巴彦塔拉断裂的伸展走滑使得幔源岩浆上升发生壳幔混染并发生火山喷发, 在巴彦塔拉构造带发育熔结火山碎屑岩-火山碎屑沉积岩, 塑造了火山碎屑扇三角洲沉积体系。巴彦山隆起区壳幔混染程度低, 但幔源岩浆的底垫作用导致壳源岩浆的强结晶分异作用、火山活动和地表隆升, 在乌东弧形构造带发育火山碎屑岩, 塑造了火山碎屑三角洲沉积体系。
中图分类号:
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