可控电抗器研究综述及展望

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20211428

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文分析可控电抗器调节原理，指出电抗器补偿容量可控的实现方式；基于此，针对现有电抗器结构多样、命名各异的问题，从可控电抗器工作原理的角度，将现有20余种可控电抗器归纳分类；分析总结各类型可控电抗器的特点，从控制精度、响应速度、谐波含量等方面，对可控电抗器进行对比；最后，对可控电抗器的发展做出展望。结果显示：根据可控电抗器的调节原理，可控电抗器可划分为机械式可控电抗器和调磁式可控电抗器；调磁式可控电抗器具明显的优势，其中，助磁式可控电抗器具有良好的实用价值，且直流助磁式可控电抗器具有小容量控制的特点，得到广泛应用；可控电抗器的未来发展可从磁化特性、智能保护与控制、可控电抗器-变压器磁集成设备等六方面重点关注。

关键词: 电力系统, 可控电抗器, 调节机理, 交直流助磁, 分类对比

Abstract:

This paper introduces the research status of controllable reactor by consulting literatures， analyzes the regulation principle of controllable reactor and points out the realization mode of controllable compensation capacity of reactor. Based on this， Aiming at the problems of various structures and different names of the existing reactors， more than 20 kinds of controllable reactors are classified from the perspective of the working principle of controllable reactors. The characteristics of each type of controllable reactors are summarized. And a comparative analysis of controllable reactors is made from the control accuracy， response speed， harmonic content and other aspects. Finally， the development of controllable reactor is prospected. The results show that， according to the regulation principle of controllable reactor， controllable reactor can be divided into two types： mechanical controllable reactor and magnetic adjustable controllable reactor. Magnetic controllable reactor has obvious advantages and good practical value； besides， the DC magnetic controllable reactor has the characteristics of small capacity control， which is widely used. The future development of controllable reactor can focus on six aspects： magnetization characteristics， intelligent protection and control， controllable reactor-transformer magnetic integrated equipment， et al.

Key words: power system, controllable reactor, regulation mechanism, AC/DC magnetization, classification and comparison

中图分类号:

TM47

田铭兴,王田戈,张慧英,尹路. 可控电抗器研究综述及展望[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(2): 328-345.

Ming-xing TIAN,Tian-ge WANG,Hui-ying ZHANG,Lu YIN. Overview and prospect of controllable reactor[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(2): 328-345.

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评价指标		机械式可控电抗器	调磁式可控电控器
			助磁式可控电抗器		新型材料可控电抗器
			直流助磁式	交流助磁式	超导可控电抗器			纳米复合材料可控电抗器
			直流助磁式	交流助磁式	高漏抗式	饱和铁芯式	正交耦合式	纳米复合材料可控电抗器
结构复杂度		简单	复杂	简单	简单	较复杂	复杂	复杂
成本	本体成本	低	较低	低	较高	高	高	高
成本	控制成本	低	低	高	高	低	低	低
设备损耗		低	高	较低	低	较低	较低	较低
谐波含量		无	高	低	低	高	高	较高
响应速度		慢	慢	快	快	慢	慢	较慢
控制精度		低	高	高	高	高	高	高
控制复杂度		简单	较简单	复杂	复杂	较简单	较简单	较复杂
可靠性		低	高	高	高	高	较高	高
应用领域		主要用作消弧线圈	超/特高压、大容量输电线路、电气化铁路的动态无功补偿，风光电厂、煤矿冶金厂的大型设备电压控制
应用情况		已逐渐淘汰	最广泛	较广泛	暂未投入使用

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