Abstract: Exploring the dynamic detail characteristics of protein folding,  assembly,  and phase separation at the molecular level is currently the focus and difficulty of research in this field, and  coarse-grained model have become a key strategy to address these issues. We review the development history of coarse-grained model of protein, introduce two commonly used coarse-grained  models, and explain their modeling methods,  potential energy functions,  and applications in practical biological systems. By demonstrating the application advantages of these models in simulating complex protein systems,  we review  the unique value of coarse-grained model in significantly reducing computational resource consumption, as well as their  potential and significance in advancing the study of large-scale protein dynamic processes.

Key words: protein,  , coarse-grained,  , multiscale,  , molecular dynamics simulation