Abstract: Aiming at the problem that uneven distribution of nodes led to  incomplete network coverage, the uneven position and density of nodes increased the complexity of deployment, and the search for the optimal node was prone to getting stuck in local optimal solutions in a multi hop wireless network, the author proposed  a non-uniform node deployment algorithm for  multi hop wireless network based on ant colony algorithm. Firstly, the author obtained the minimum weighted distance decision variable to reduce the transmission distance between Sink nodes and various sensors. Secondly, the author calculated the energy consumption of nodes, minimized node network loss, constructed a node deployment optimization model, and introduced compromise planning method to expand the multi-objective model into a single objective processing. Finally, the author introduced ant colony algorithm to solve the model, which could effectively traverse the potential solution space and quickly find the optimal deployment plan. The experimental results show that the  network coverage of proposed algorithm is 97%, with a maximum energy consumption of only 1.56×10^-7 J, which can effectively reduce network energy consumption. The survival cycle can reach up to 1 500 rounds, and the optimal node deployment plan can be obtained.

Key words: ant colony algorithm, multi hop wireless network, non-uniform node, node deployment