溶液和温度作用下膨润土防水毯的渗透性能

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20170279

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以颗粒状和粉末状膨润土防水毯（GCLs）为对象，运用GDS（global digital systems）全自动渗透仪开展渗透试验，研究CaCl₂溶液作用下GCLs渗透性能的温度效应，初步探讨其机理。试验表明：当水化液为0.05 mol/L的CaCl₂溶液时，两种GCLs渗透系数随温度升高呈现增大趋势；当水化液为去离子水时，颗粒状GCL渗透系数随温度升高而减小，粉末状GCL渗透系数随温度升高而增大。去离子水情况下，膨润土吸附结合水量随温度升高而减小；CaCl₂溶液作用下，吸附结合水量较去离子水情况大幅降低。当CaCl₂溶液浓度一定时，膨润土膨胀指数随温度升高而略有增大；当温度一定时，膨润土膨胀指数随CaCl₂溶液浓度升高而显著减小。以去离子水进行试验时：颗粒状和粉末状GCLs渗透系数随温度的变化主要影响因素为凝胶态蒙脱石数量，其次为流体黏滞系数和吸附结合水量；颗粒状GCLs膨润土孔隙结构越不均匀，凝胶态蒙脱石数量的影响就越显著，导致渗透系数随温度升高而减小、固有渗透率随温度升高显著降低。以CaCl₂溶液进行试验时，两种GCLs渗透系数随温度变化的主要受流体黏滞系数和吸附结合水量的影响，而受凝胶态蒙脱石数量的影响较小。孔隙溶液性质、温度和膨润土类型均对GCLs的防渗性能具有重要影响。

关键词: 膨润土防水毯, 渗透性能, 温度效应, 溶液, 吸附结合水, 凝胶态蒙脱石

Abstract: The hydraulic tests were conducted on the geo-synthetic clay liners (GCLs) containing granular or powdery Na-bentonite under various temperatures and solutions by using GDS geoenvironmental permeameter. After hydration with 0.05 mol/L CaCl₂ solution, the hydraulic conductivity of GCLs sample showed an upward trend with the increase of temperature. Taking deionized water as hydration solution, the hydraulic conductivity of granular bentonite GCLs decreased with the increase of temperature, while the hydraulic conductivity of powdery bentonite GCLs increased with the increase of temperature. The content of adsorbed water of bentonite decreased in deionized water with the increase of temperature, and the absorbed water was much lower in CaCl₂ solution. In a given CaCl₂ solution, the swelling index of bentonite increased slightly with temperature. When the temperature was constant, the swelling index decreased significantly with the increase of CaCl₂ concentration. In the case of deionized water, the variation of hydraulic conductivity with temperature is mainly affected by the amount of montmorillonite gel, followed by fluid viscosity coefficient and the absorbed water content. The more heterogeneous pore structure of granular bentonite with deionized water is, the more significant the amount of gel montmorillonite is,resulting in the decrease of hydraulic conductivity and intrinsic permeability with the increase of temperature. In the case of CaCl₂ solution, the variation of hydraulic conductivity with temperature is mainly affected by fluid viscosity and the amount of adsorbed water, while the effect of montmorillonite gel is weak. In conclusion, solution, temperature and bentonite form all have important influences on the hydraulic conductivity of GCLs.

Key words: geosynthetic clay liners, hydraulic conductivity, temperature effects, solution, adsorbed water, montmorillonite gel

中图分类号:

TU443

何俊, 王小琦, 颜兴, 万娟, 朱志政. 溶液和温度作用下膨润土防水毯的渗透性能[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2019, 49(3): 807-816.

He Jun, Wang Xiaoqi, Yan Xing, Wan Juan, Zhu Zhizheng. Combined Effects of Solution and Temperature on Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2019, 49(3): 807-816.

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