Abstract: As an important directions of geoscience, high pressure and high temperature experimental research can understand the physical and chemical properties of the materials, the internal structure, and dynamics of the Earth by simulating the temperature and pressure environment in the deep of the Earth. Amphibole is a double chain silicate mineral, which is an important component of mantle lithosphere and widely distributed in oceanic crust, subduction plates, metamorphic rocks, and igneous rocks. As one of the most important hydrous minerals in subduction zones, wide distribution of amphibole  and its dehydration under high temperature and high pressure play an important role in water content and water migration on the occurrence of earthquakes, high conductivity anomalies, seismic anomalies, and magmatic activities in subduction zones. In the past 100 years, scholars have conducted a lot of researchs on the physical and chemical properties of amphibole at high temperature and pressure. The chemical composition and structure of amphibole are very complicated, which results in significant differences in the physical and chemical properties of different amphiboles, including the difference of element migration under the dehydration and dehydrogenation, the influence of alkaline elements (K+Na) and H2O content on thermal stability during the formation and decomposition, high-pressure structural phase transitions in different space groups, conductivity anomalies in different crystallization directions, and the wave velocity anomalies in different crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO). Previous studies have provided a lot of knowledge on the physical and chemical properties of amphibole and its role in subduction zones, however, some issues such as the high-pressure dehydration kinetics , thermophysical properties, and deformation mechanism of amphibole are still unclear and deserve further study.

Key words: amphibole, high pressure and high temperature, subduction zone, thermal stability, structural phase transition, dehydration effect, geophysics