具备有序牺牲机制的混合配筋铁路自复位桥墩力学行为分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20241381

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

结合铁路自复位桥墩对抗侧刚度要求严格而需采用墩底加台构造的特点，开展了加台布设无粘结耗能钢筋、墩身内设无粘结预应力钢筋，具备有序牺牲机制的铁路自复位桥墩力学行为研究。通过讨论无粘结耗能钢筋在加台的配置形式对抗震性能的影响，提出了一种提升自复位桥墩抗震性能的耗能钢筋混合配置形式，开展了往复荷载作用下自复位桥墩的力学行为分析；研究了自复位桥墩的滞回特征影响因素与关键抗震性能指标之间的关系。结果表明：高强钢筋单排配置时，因钢筋断裂造成的承载力突降会使桥墩失效；依据不同等级耗能钢筋极限应变差异性，将低等级钢筋（HRB400）与高强钢筋（HTRB630）错排混合布置，可以实现不同等级耗能钢筋的有序牺牲及加台受压区域的不断调控，提升桥墩的变形能力和承载能力。预应力钢筋的配筋率会影响自复位桥墩的屈后刚度和抗侧强度，初始预应力值、配筋比、竖向轴力影响抗侧强度，耗能钢筋的距离比影响桥墩失效位移。自复位桥墩的三项主要抗震性能指标具有显著的正相关性，即承载能力减小、耗能能力及残余位移也随之减小；而最大位移与残余位移并未呈现出正相关性。

关键词: 桥梁与隧道工程, 自复位桥墩, 滞回性能, 抗震性能

Abstract:

Combining the feature that railway self-centering bridge piers require a pedestal at the pier bottom due to the stringent lateral stiffness demand， a study on the mechanical behavior of railway self-centering bridge piers with an orderly sacrificial mechanism is conducted， in which unbonded energy-dissipating bars are arranged in the pedestal and unbonded prestressing tendons are arranged in the pier body. By discussing the influence of the configuration form of unbonded reinforcements on the seismic performance， a hybrid configuration form of reinforcements to enhance the seismic performance of self-centering piers is proposed. The analysis of the process of change in the mechanical behaviors of reinforcements under the action of lateral cyclic loads is carried out. The factors influencing the hysteresis characteristics of self-centering pier and relationship between the key seismic performance indicators were investigated. The results showed that the high-strength reinforcements are arranged in a single row， the sudden drop in loading capacity caused by reinforcements fracture can lead to the failure of bridge piers. Based on the limited strain variability of reinforcements with different grades， mixing low-grade steel bars（HRB400） with high-strength steel bars（HTRB630） in a staggered arrangement can achieve orderly sacrifice of different grades of reinforcements and the continuous regulation of the compression area of the pedestal， and improve the deformation and bearing capacity of the pier. The reinforcement ratio of prestressing reinforcements affects the post-yield stiffness and lateral strength of self-centering pier. Initial prestressing values， reinforcement ratios， and vertical axial forces affect lateral stiffness. The distance ratio of reinforcements affects the failure of displacement of piers. The three main seismic performance indicators of the self-centering piers have significant positive correlations， i.e.， the load carrying capacity decreases， the energy dissipation capacity and the residual displacement also decrease， whereas the maximum displacement and the residual displacement do not show a positive correlation.

Key words: bridge and tunnel engineering, self-centering bridge pier, hysteresis behavior, seismic performance

中图分类号:

U443.22

刘正楠,陈兴冲,张维科,马华军. 具备有序牺牲机制的混合配筋铁路自复位桥墩力学行为分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2026, 56(7): 1926-1936.

Zheng-nan LIU,Xing-chong CHEN,Wei-ke ZHANG,Hua-jun MA. Mechanical behavior of hybrid reinforced railway self-centering bridge piers based on ordered sacrificial mechanism[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2026, 56(7): 1926-1936.

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钢筋类型	材料	参数	数值
HRB400	Reinforcing Steel	直径/mm	8
		f_y/MPa	453.42
		f_su/MPa	614.7
		E_s/GPa	190.34
		E_sh/GPa	5.6
		?_sh	0.025 26
		?_su	0.144 45×0.7=0.1
HTRB630	Reinforcing Steel	直径/mm	8
		f_y/MPa	738.32
		f_su/MPa	928.51
		E_s/GPa	219.08
		E_sh/GPa	9.50
		?_sh	0.012 38
		?_su	0.089 65×0.7=0.062 7
预应力钢筋	ElasticPP	E/GPa	195
		epsP	0.009 538
		epsN	0
		eps0	-0.00 480 6