双带揉搓式残膜打捆装置与载膜箱的结构设计与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20250030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有残膜打捆过程中存在的结构复杂、打捆皮带寿命低、膜捆直径不可调、卸膜位置不确定和与现有残膜回收机配套性差等问题，设计了一种双带揉搓式残膜打捆装置，介绍了配套整机工作流程、残膜打捆结构组成及工作过程，重点对双带揉搓式残膜打捆装置、张紧装置及载膜箱进行设计。通过对打捆作业过程进行力学分析，确定了各功能部件的结构参数和工作参数。为验证双带揉搓式残膜打捆装置的作业性能和效率，以打捆腔角度、打捆带摩擦因数和打捆带线速度为试验因素，在此基础上，以残膜成捆率、残膜捆密度和打捆效率为响应变量，设计三因素三水平的二次回归试验，建立回归模型，分析各因素对残膜成捆率和捆密度的影响，并进行参数优化与试验验证。试验结果表明：影响残膜成捆率的因素由大到小依次为：打捆腔角度>打捆带线速度>打捆带摩擦因数；影响残捆密度的因素依次为：打捆带线速度>打捆腔角度>打捆带摩擦因数；影响打捆效率的因素依次为：打捆带摩擦因数>打捆带线速度>打捆腔角度。理论最优的设计参数如下：打捆腔角度为33°，打捆带选草坪纹打捆带摩擦因数为0.83，打捆带线速度为1.03 m/s。研究结果可为残膜打捆装置设计与高质量作业提供参考。

关键词: 残膜打捆, 膜捆直径可调节, 双带打捆装置, 载膜箱, 正交试验

Abstract:

A dual belt residual film bundling device has been designed to address the problems of complex structure， low service life of bundling belts， adjustable tightness of film bundling， uncertain unloading position， and poor compatibility with existing residual film recycling machines in the existing residual film bundling process. This article introduces the composition and working process of the residual film bundling structure， with a focus on optimizing the design of the bundling device， tensioning device， and film carrying box. By conducting a dynamic analysis of the bundling process， the structural and operational parameters of each functional component were determined. To verify the operational performance and efficiency of the dual belt residual film bundling device， three factor three-level quadratic regression experiments were conducted with bundling chamber angle， bundling belt friction coefficient， and bundling belt linear speed as experimental factors， and residual film bundling rate， residual film bundling density， and bundling efficiency as response values. A regression model was established to analyze the effects of each factor on residual film bundling rate， residual film bundling density， and bundling efficiency， and parameter optimization and experimental verification were carried out.The experimental results show that the factors affecting the bundling rate of residual film are in descending order： bundling chamber angle>bundling belt linear velocity>bundling belt friction coefficient； The factors that affect the density of residual film bundling are in the following order： bundling belt line speed>bundling chamber angle>bundling belt frictioncoefficient； The factors that affect packaging efficiency are in the following order： the friction coefficient of the strapping belt>the angle of the strapping chamber>the linear velocity of the strapping belt. Theoretical optimal design parameters： bundling chamber angle is 33°， packing belt friction coefficient is 0.83， and packing belt linear velocity is 1.03 m/s. The research results provide reference for the design and high-quality operation of residual film bundling devices.

Key words: tying device, adjustable bale diameter, double-belt baling device, film magazine, orthogonal experiment

中图分类号:

S225

王敏,霍尚,曹肆林,营雨琨,何玉泽,卢勇涛. 双带揉搓式残膜打捆装置与载膜箱的结构设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2026, 56(8): 2260-2278.

Min WANG,Shang HUO,Si-lin CAO,Yu-kun YING,Yu-ze HE,Yong-tao LU. Structural design and testing of double belt residual film binding device and film carrying box[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2026, 56(8): 2260-2278.

图/表 41

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

表3

图15

图16

图17

图18

图19

图20

图21

图22

表4

图23

表5

表6

图24

图25

表7

试验因素编码"

水平

打捆腔角度/（°）

打捆带摩擦因数

打捆带线速度

/（m $? s$ ^-1）

-1

0.69

0.8

0.825

1.1

0.96

1.4

表7

表8

表9

方差分析"

变异来源	残膜成捆率 $Y 1$				残膜捆密度 $Y 2$				打捆效率 $Y 3$
变异来源	自由度	均方	$F 1$	$P 1$	自由度	均方	$F 2$	$P 2$	自由度	均方	$F 3$	$P 3$
回归	9	9.02	173.44	0.000 1**	9	54.31	242.34	0.000 1**	9	8.09	53.95	0.000 1**
$X 1$	1	2.16	41.57	0.000 4**	1	36.81	164.25	0.000 1**	1	1.13	7.5	0.02 9*
$X 2$	1	0.54	10.39	0.014 6**	1	3.85	17.18	0.004 3**	1	45.13	300.83	0.000 1**
$X 3$	1	0.34	6.46	0.038 6*	1	386.28	1723.75	0.000 1**	1	18	120	0.000 1**
$X 1 X 2$	1	2.30	44.11	0.000 3**	1	3.74	16.71	0.004 6**	1	0.25	1.67	0.237 7
$X 1 X 3$	1	8.56	164.43	0.000 1**	1	4.64	20.72	0.002 6**	1	4	26.67	0.001 3**
$X 2 X 3$	1	2.74	52.64	0.000 2**	1	0.02	0.0754	0.791 5	1	1	6.67	0.036 4*
$X 12$	1	50.20	964.69	0.000 1**	1	2.57	11.46	0.011 7*	1	0.95	6.33	0.04
$X 22$	1	9.89	190.11	0.000 1**	1	1.31	5.86	0.046 0*	1	0.002 6	0.0175	0.898 4
$X 32$	1	0.70	13.45	0.008 0	1	46.93	209.42	0.000 1**	1	2.21	14.75	0.006 4
残差	7	0.0520			7	0.224 1			7	0.15
失拟	3	0.0822	2.79	0.173 2	3	0.207 9	0.879 7	0.522 9	3	0.083 3	0.416 7	0.751
误差	4	0.0294			4	0.236 3			4	0.2

表9

图26

图27

图28

表10

试验结果"

试验序号	残膜成捆率/%	残膜捆密度/ （kg? $m - 3$ ）	打捆效率/ （捆? $h - 1$ ）
平均值	100	106.23	14.67
1	100	104.25	15
2	100	106.53	13
3	100	107.89	16

表10

图29

图30

图31

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参数	数值
配套动力/Hp	≥35
整机尺寸/（mm×mm×mm）	4 000×2 800×1 700
膜捆直径（可调）/mm	≤350
膜捆箱装容量（膜捆装箱）/捆	3~5
打捆带幅宽/mm	2 000
残膜成捆率/%	100
工作率捆/h	10~16

编号	摩擦带类型	摩擦角/（°）
1	光带	38
2	草坪纹带	49
3	颗粒纹带	54
4	光带	37
5	草坪纹带	47
6	颗粒纹带	55

组数	L₁/mm	L₂/mm	k
平均值	292.8	3.3	0.011
1	313.4	4.3	0.014
2	204.4	2.1	0.010
3	345.9	5.2	0.015
4	303.2	2.8	0.010
5	295.4	2.6	0.009
6	294.6	2.5	0.008

阶数	频率/Hz	位移/m	阶数	频率/Hz	位移/m
1	130.49	0.334	6	256.87	0.209
2	161.51	0.148	7	280.09	0.186
3	225.67	0.233	8	305.39	0.215
4	236.60	0.322	9	369.92	0.173
5	253.45	0.413	10	428.62	0.304

参数	数值/描述
作物类型	棉花
土壤坚实度/MPa	0.45
土壤含水率/%	7.98
地膜宽度/mm	2 050
地膜厚度/mm	0.01
铺膜时间/d	185
棉花种植模式（机采棉种植模式）/cm	66+10