吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 1958-1969.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20241380

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇    

基于效益-费用的高速公路货车差异化收费双层优化建模

张惠玲1,2(),王靖帆1,曹一铄1,3,敖谷昌1,2()   

  1. 1.重庆交通大学 交通运输学院,重庆 400074
    2.重庆交通大学 智能综合立体交通重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400074
    3.重庆长安民生物流股份有限公司,重庆 401120
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 敖谷昌 E-mail:huilingz@126.com;agc2002@163.com
  • 作者简介:张惠玲(1980-),女,教授,博士.研究方向:交通信息工程及控制.E-mail:huilingz@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0786);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202404301)

Twolayer optimization modelling on expressway differentiated tolling for trucks based on benefitcost

Hui-ling ZHANG1,2(),Jing-fan WANG1,Yi-shuo CAO1,3,Gu-chang AO1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Traffic & Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China
    2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Integrated and Multidimensional Transportation System,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China
    3.Changan Minsheng APLL Logistics Co. ,Ltd. ,Chongqing 401120,China
  • Received:2024-12-31 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-08-12
  • Contact: Gu-chang AO E-mail:huilingz@126.com;agc2002@163.com

摘要:

通过分析高速公路的经营支出和货车驾驶员的出行选择意愿,推导不同路径的车流量,并构建了收费情况下的不同路段的行程费用函数。该模型为双层优化模型,上层规划以实现网络用户盈余最大为目标,并将道路经营企业的财务指标作为约束条件;下层规划选用弹性需求下的用户均衡模型描述道路使用者的出行选择行为。通过遗传模拟退火算法对模型进行求解。最后,通过具体案例验证优化方案可以使高速公路的货车流量提升约20.67%,收费收入提升5.88%,货车通行费减免13.56 万元/d,表明本文货车差异化优化收费方案在实际中具有较好的应用效果。

关键词: 高速公路, 差异化收费, 双层优化模型, 遗传模拟退火算法, 用户均衡模型

Abstract:

The different routes traffic flow was calculated and the travel cost function of the expressway was established through analyzing the operation expenditure of expressway and the travel choice willingness of truck drivers. The function is a two-level optimization model, and the upper layer planning selects the idea of road network managers pursuing maximizing the surplus of the network users and takes the financial indexes of the road operating enterprises as the constraints condition, the lower layer planning chooses the user equilibrium model under elastic demand to describe the travel choice behavior of road users. The genetic simulated annealing algorithm was used to solve the model. Finally, using the example verifies that the optimization scheme proposed by the thesis can improve the truck flow of the highway by 20.67%, and the toll revenue is improved by 5.88%, and the truck toll fee is reduced by 135600 yuan/day. It shows that the differentiated optimization of truck charging scheme researched in the thesis has a good application effect in practical implementation.

Key words: expressway, differential toll, two-layer optimization model, genetic simulated annealing algorithm, user equilibrium model

中图分类号: 

  • U491

图 1

选择重视因素比例分布"

图2

通行费降低不同比例时驾驶员出行路径选择情况"

图3

通行费降低不同比例时长合高速转移率变化情况"

表 1

高速公路燃油消耗模型参数系数表"

车型abceτ1τ2
一类货车0.002 7-0.309 021.066 70.922 51.001 01.103 4
二类货车0.005 7-0.763 447.190 01.088 60.999 11.263 8
三类货车0.022 4-2.997 1125.931 30.499 11.010 41.222 9
四类货车0.014 0-1.765 786.405 70.908 41.000 71.148 4
五类货车0.013 7-2.180 0108.328 60.719 31.004 11.106 8
六类货车0.014 6-2.075 092.865 61.334 30.997 51.137 1

表2

区域路网内两条高速公路日均交通量统计表"

高速公路名称客车货车(含专项作业车)

交通量/

(veh·d-1

一类二类三类四类一类二类三类四类五类六类
长合高速7 03414520073363764229899901 61511 412
平行竞争性高速14 3242453181105461 1523451 3551372 43620 968

表3

各路段基本参数"

参数路段编号
123456
ta0/h0.300.300.710.710.950.95
ya/[·(veh·km)-1]0.540.540.400.40--
la/km23.9023.9056.9356.9376.0676.06
Camax/(veh?d-1)25 00025 00030 00030 00030 00030 000

表4

路网中各OD对间交通出行需求量"

OD对起点-讫点各车型交通出行需求/(veh·d-1
一类二类三类四类五类六类
1合川-渝北4729962981 1721192 107
2渝北-合川4369192751 0811101 945

表5

弹性需求模式下测算结果"

各车型收费费率上层目标函数值长合高速公路货车交通量/(veh·d-1
一类二类三类四类五类六类
0.5040.9061.6642.0562.4712.74310 108.814 779

表 6

区域路网中各路段交通量分配结果"

路段交通量/(veh·d-1
一类二类三类四类五类六类
1245517155608621 093
2226477143561571 009
3245517155608621 093
4226477143561571 009
5229479145563561 013
621144213452052935

表 7

长合高速公路计算结果对比"

研究方法货车日均流量/(veh·d-1道路利用率/%货车通行费收入/(万元·d-1货车通行费减免/(万元·d-1
传统方法3 95939.8767.21-
本文模型4 77948.1371.1613.56
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