吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 1520-1528.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20260534

• 综述 • 上一篇    

寡腺苷酸合成酶基因家族的功能及其在肿瘤发生发展中作用的研究进展

张曦1,杨春慧1,翟丽1,陈晶晶1,张瑜1,马娜2()   

  1. 1.云南省肿瘤医院 昆明医科大学第三附属医院检验科,云南 昆明 650118
    2.云南省肿瘤医院 昆明医科大学第三附属医院输血科,云南 昆明 650118
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25 接受日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 马娜 E-mail:1005696872@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张 曦(1986-),男,云南省昆明市人,副主任技师,医学博士,主要从事肿瘤分子机制基础和临床方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学联合专项资助课题项目(202601AY070001-124);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2024J0330)

Research progress on functions of oligoadenylate synthetase gene family and their roles in occurrence and development of tumor

Xi ZHANG1,Chunhui YANG1,Li ZHAI1,Jingjing CHEN1,Yu ZHANG1,Na MA2()   

  1. 1.Department of Clinical Laboratory,Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province,Third Affiliated Hospital,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650118,China
    2.Department of Blood Transfusion,Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province,Third Affiliated Hospital,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650118,China
  • Received:2025-02-25 Accepted:2025-05-15 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-10-15
  • Contact: Na MA E-mail:1005696872@qq.com

摘要:

寡腺苷酸合成酶(OAS)家族是由干扰素(IFN)诱导表达的抗病毒蛋白家族,广泛参与病毒识别、2'-5'连接的寡腺苷酸聚合物(2-5A)合成、核糖核酸酶L(RNase L)激活和细胞凋亡等生物学过程,近年来其在肿瘤领域的研究逐渐受到关注。OAS家族成员在多种实体瘤和血液系统肿瘤中呈现异常表达,参与调控肿瘤发生发展、免疫逃逸和治疗抵抗等环节,具有重要的研究价值和临床转化潜力。在实体肿瘤中,OAS1、OAS2、OAS3和OAS样蛋白(OASL)的高表达与肿瘤患者不良预后、免疫浸润特征及化疗耐药等存在密切关联,其中部分成员还被多项研究纳入患者预后预测模型,提示其可作为潜在的预后生物标志物和治疗靶点。在血液系统肿瘤中,OAS家族成员同样参与免疫调节和药物敏感性调控。本文系统概述OAS基因家族结构和功能,重点关注OAS1、OAS2、OAS3和OASL在不同类型肿瘤中的表达特征、作用机制及其临床意义等方面,并对其作为诊断和治疗靶点的应用前景以及当前研究的局限性进行探讨,以期为后续基础研究和临床转化研究提供参考。

关键词: OAS基因家族, 肿瘤, 基因功能, 免疫调节, 生物标志物

Abstract:

The oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family comprises interferon(IFN)-inducible antiviral proteins that are widely involved in biological processes including viral recognition, 2'-5'-linked oligoadenylate polymers(2-5A) synthesis, ribonuclease L (RNase L) activation, and cellular apoptosis. In recent years, their roles in oncology have attracted increasing attention. OAS family members exhibit aberrant expression in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, participating in the regulation of tumorigenesis, tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance, thereby holding significant research value and clinical translational potential. In solid tumors, elevated expression of OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OAS like protein(OASL) is closely associated with poor prognosis, immune infiltration characteristics, and chemoresistance in cancer patients. Several members have been incorporated into prognostic prediction models across multiple studies, suggesting their potential utility as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In hematological malignancies, OAS family members also participate in immune modulation and drug sensitivity regulation. This review systematically summarizes the structure and function of the OAS gene family, with a focus on the expression profiles, mechanistic roles, and clinical significance of OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OASL in different tumor types. Furthermore, we discuss their application prospects as diagnostic and therapeutic targets, along with the limitations of current research, aiming to provide a reference for subsequent basic and translational investigations.

Key words: OAS gene family, Tumor, Gene function, Immune regulation, Biomarkers

中图分类号: 

  • R730.2