吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (4): 963-976.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20260409

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

红景天苷对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞保护作用的生物信息学分析及体内外实验验证

李俊奇1,2,姜佳韵3,4,左中夫1,2,于洪丹1,2()   

  1. 1.锦州医科大学基础医学院解剖学教研室,辽宁 锦州 121001
    2.辽宁省糖尿病感知功能障碍重点 实验室,辽宁 锦州 121001
    3.锦州医科大学第一临床医学院神经病学系,辽宁 锦州 121001
    4.辽宁省阜新市第二人民医院神经内科,辽宁 阜新 123000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 接受日期:2025-12-25 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 于洪丹 E-mail:yuhongdan1116@126.com
  • 作者简介:李俊奇(1995-),女,辽宁省本溪市人,助教,医学硕士,主要从事糖尿病视网膜病变的机制方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省科技厅自然科学基金资助计划项目(2023-MS-312);2024年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410160012)

Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo experimental verification on protective effect of salidroside on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats

Junqi LI1,2,Jiayun JIANG3,4,Zhongfu ZUO1,2,Hongdan YU1,2()   

  1. 1.Department of Anatomy,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou 121001,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Diabetes Perception Dysfunction of Liaoning Province,Jinzhou 121001,China
    3.Department of Neurology,First Clinical Medical School,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou 121001,China
    4.Department of Neurology,Second People’s Hospital,Fuxin City,Liaoning Province,Fuxin 123000,China
  • Received:2025-08-11 Accepted:2025-12-25 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-07-27
  • Contact: Hongdan YU E-mail:yuhongdan1116@126.com

摘要:

目的 探讨红景天苷(SAL)对大鼠视网膜神经节(RG)细胞的保护作用,并阐明其可能的作用机制。 方法 将30只SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、糖尿病组和SAL组。除对照组外,其余大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立糖尿病模型。光学相干断层扫描(OCT)实验检查各组大鼠视网膜厚度,HE染色观察各组大鼠视网膜形态表现。使用300 mmol·L-1葡萄糖建立高糖诱导的RG细胞损伤模型,细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK-8)法评估RG细胞活性和数量,流式细胞术检测RG细胞中活性氧(ROS)水平。生物信息学分析筛选出与SAL可能相互作用的核心靶点,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测RG细胞中核心靶点的mRNA表达水平。蛋白对接预测SAL保护高糖诱导的RG细胞损伤相关性最高的核心靶点,Western blotting法检测各组细胞中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(Gpx4)和核因子(红细胞衍生2)相关因子2(Nfe2l2)蛋白表达水平,验证关键蛋白对RG细胞的作用机制。 结果 OCT检测,与对照组比较,糖尿病组大鼠视网膜厚度明显变薄(P<0.05),证明糖尿病视网膜病变大鼠造模成功;与糖尿病组比较,SAL组大鼠视网膜厚度增加(P<0.05)。HE染色,糖尿病组大鼠视网膜各层分界不清,出现大量空泡,RG细胞大量丢失;SAL组大鼠视网膜神经节细胞排列整齐,细胞核形态正常。CCK-8法和显微镜观察,与对照组比较,高糖组细胞活性降低(P<0.05),细胞数量减少(P<0.05);与高糖组比较,SAL组细胞活性和数量增加(P<0.05)。流式细胞术检测,与对照组比较,高糖组RG细胞中ROS水平明显升高;与高糖组比较,SAL组细胞中ROS水平明显降低。生物信息学分析筛选出与SAL高度相关的10个Hub基因,分别为哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(MTOR)、半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(CASP3)、缺氧诱导因子1(HIF1A)、沉寂信息调节因子1(SIRT1)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)、热休克蛋白家族A成员5(HSPA5)、核因子(红细胞衍生2)相关因子2(NFE2L2)、一氧化氮合酶3(NOS3)、半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶8(CASP8)和核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)。RT-qPCR法验证了其mRNA表达。蛋白对接,SAL保护高糖诱导的RG细胞损伤相关性最高的核心靶点为NFE2L2。Western blotting法检测,与对照组比较,高糖组细胞中Nfe2l2蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05),Gpx4蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05);与高糖组比较,沉默Nfe2l2组和SAL组细胞中Nfe2l2蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05),Gpx4蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。 结论 SAL处理可增加糖尿病大鼠视网膜厚度,减轻视网膜组织损伤,提升RG细胞活性,降低细胞中ROS水平,对糖尿病大鼠视网膜具有保护作用,其机制可能与SAL下调Nfe2l2表达有关。

关键词: 红景天苷, 糖尿病, 视网膜神经节细胞, 生物信息学, 氧化应激

Abstract:

Objective To discuss the protective effect of salidroside (SAL) on rat retinal ganglion (RG) cells,and to clarify its possible mechanism. Methods A total of 30 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, diabetes group and SAL group. Except for control group, the remaining rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to establish diabetes models. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to detect retinal thickness of rats in various groups; HE staining was used to observe the morphological manifestations of retina in rats in various groups. The high glucose-induced RG cell injury model was established with 300 mmol·L-1 glucose. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to evaluate the activity and quantity of RG cells; flow cytometry was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in RG cells. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen the core targets that may interact with SAL. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) method was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of core targets in RG cells. Protein docking was used to predict the core target with the highest correlation with SAL in protecting high glucose-induced RG cell injury; Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nfe2l2) proteins in the cells in various groups, so as to verify the mechanism of key proteins on RG cells. Results The OCT results showed that compared with control group, the retinal thickness of the rats in diabetes group was significantly thinned (P<0.05), which confirmed the successful establishment of diabetic retinopathy model; compared with diabetes group, the retinal thickness of the rats in SAL group was increased (P<0.05). The HE staining results showed that the boundaries of each retinal layer in diabetes group were unclear, a large number of vacuoles appeared, and RG cells were massively lost; retinal ganglion cells in SAL group were arranged neatly with normal nuclear morphology. The CCK-8 and microscopic observation results showed that compared with control group, the cell activity and cell quantity in high glucose group were decreased (P<0.05); compared with high glucose group, the cell viability and cell quantity in SAL group were increased (P<0.05). The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group, the ROS level in RG cells of high glucose group was significantly increased; compared with high glucose group, the ROS level in cells of SAL group was significantly decreased. A total of 10 Hub genes highly associated with SAL were screened out by bioinformatics analysis, namely mammalian target of rapamycin (MTOR), cysteine-aspartic protease 3 (CASP3), hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (HIF1A), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), heat shock protein family A member 5 (HSPA5), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), cysteine-aspartic protease 8 (CASP8) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). The mRNA expression of the above genes was verified by RT-qPCR method. The protein docking results indicated that NFE2L2 was the core target with the highest correlation with SAL in protecting high glucose-induced RG cell injury. The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group, the expression level of Nfe2l2 protein in the cells (P<0.05) in high glucose group was increased and the expression level of Gpx4 protein was decreased (P<0.05); compared with high glucose group, the expression level of Nfe2l2 protein in the cells in Nfe2l2 silencing group and SAL group was decreased (P<0.05) and the expression level of Gpx4 protein was increased (P<0.05). Conclusion SAL treatment increases retinal thickness, alleviates retina tissue damage, enhances RG cell viability and reduces intracellular ROS levels in diabetic rats, and exerts a protective effect on the retina of diabetic rats. Its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of Nfe2l2 expression by SAL.

Key words: Salidroside, Diabetes, Retinal ganglion cell, Bioinformatics, Oxidative stress

中图分类号: 

  • R774.1