Forty clean BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into blank control group，OVA group， low dose of EsA group and high dose of EsA group，with 10 mice in each group. They were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection and sensitization occurred on days 1， 7，and 14， respectively. Starting from the 21st day with 1% OVA， and one excitation period was perfomed every day，with each excitation period being excited once for three times.The mice in blank control group and OVA group were given 0.2 mL of normal saline by gavage. The mice in low dose of EsA group and high dose of EsA group received 10 and 20 mg·kg^－1 EsA by gavage， starting from the 17th day， for 7 consecutive days，once a day. HE staining method was used to observe the morphological performance of lung tissue of the mice in various groups， and direct counting method was used to calculate the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in various groups. Cytometry method was used to detect the expressions of eosinophils，IL-4 and IFN-γ in BALF， and ELISA method was used to detect the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α； Western blotting method was used to determine the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in various groups；immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect the expressions of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in various groups.

Compared with blank control group， the bronchi and perivascular inflammatory cells in lung tissue of the mice in OVA group were infiltrated with partial bronchial damage； compared with OVA group， the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were reduced and airway injury was alleviated； compared with blank control group， the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in OVA group was increased（P<0.05），the expression levels of IL-4， IL-1βand TNF-α were increased （P<0.01）， while the expression level of IFN-γ was decreased （P<0.05）； compared with OVA group， the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were decreased（P<0.05），the levels of IL-4， IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased （P<0.01）， and the levels of IFN-γ were increased （P<0.05）.Compared with blank control group， the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in OVA group were significantly increased （P<0.05）； compared with OVA group， the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were decreased （P<0.05）.

EsA may alleviate the airway inflammation in the asthmatic mice， and its mechanism may be related to regulating the IL-6 and STAT3 signaling pathway.