全球重油与油砂资源潜力、分布与勘探方向

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201504108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于对全球主要地质时期构造、沉积演化、盆地类型和主要成藏期的地质研究,评价全球重油和油砂资源潜力,进而指出有利勘探方向.据CNPC(2011)评价结果:全球重油地质资源量为42 712亿桶,可采资源量为7 147亿桶,油砂地质资源量为66 945亿桶,可采资源量为7 095亿桶;主要分布在北美、南美、俄罗斯和高加索地区,产区集中于北美和南美.以构造域进行划分,全球重油和油砂主要富集在科迪勒拉褶皱造山带、喜马拉雅阿尔卑斯褶皱造山带、西伯利亚地台周缘山系和乌拉尔山前四个大型构造带,盆地类型以克拉通和前陆为主,以斜坡降解、抬升破坏型两种模式成藏.未来重油和油砂勘探主要集中在3类地区:1)资源落实程度较高、勘探程度高的美洲地区;2)资源潜力大、勘探程度低的俄罗斯东西伯利亚盆地、伏尔加乌拉尔盆地;3)资源潜力大、尚未引起注意的中东地区.

关键词: 重油, 油砂, 资源潜力, 勘探方向, 全球

Abstract:

Based on a geological research on structure, sedimentary evolution, basin type, and major reservoir-forming stage of the main geological epochs in the world, we evaluate the potential of heavy oil and oil sand resources, and point out the favorable prospects. According to CNPC's appraisal (2011), the geological resources and recoverable resources of heavy oil in the world are 4 271.2 billion barrels and 714.7 billion barrels respectively; the geological resources and recoverable resources of oil sand are 6 694.5 billion barrels and 709.5 billion barrels. Most of them are distributed in North America, South America, Russia, and Caucasia, and are produced mainly in North America and South America. In view of structural domains, the global heavy oil and oil sand are mainly concentrated in four macro-tectonic zones, i.e. Cordilleran folded orogen, Himalayan-Alpine folded orogen, Siberian platform peripheral mountain system, and Ural mountain front, where the basins are predominantly craton or foreland basins, and the reservoirs are formed in two modes of slope degradation and uplift destruction. The exploration of heavy oil and oil sand targets 3 regions in the future: 1)America where the resources are intensively ascertained and explored; 2)East Siberia basin and Volga-Ural basin in Russia where the resources are highly potential but less explored; and 3)Middle East with large resource potential but not yet be concerned.

Key words: heavy oil, oil sand, resource potential, exploration trend, global scale

中图分类号:

P618.13

马锋, 张光亚, 王红军, 刘祚冬, 蒋凌志, 谢寅福, 李飞, 琚亮. 全球重油与油砂资源潜力、分布与勘探方向[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(4): 1042-1051.

Ma Feng, Zhang Guangya, Wang Hongjun, Liu Zuodong, Jiang Lingzhi, Xie Yinfu, Li Fei, Ju Liang. Potential,Distribution and Exploration Trend of Global Heavy Oil and Oil Sand Resources[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(4): 1042-1051.

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