嘉鱼断裂西向延伸与第四系活动特征

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20170156

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 嘉鱼断裂为已证实的隐伏断层。该断裂从洪湖老湾西南横切长江，沿近东西—北东东向延展，经嘉鱼县城东北马鞍山北缘向东延伸于斧头湖，长约40 km，该断裂东端已有明显出露，而断裂尾部并没有明显出露。由于区内小尺度物探资料的缺乏，使得该断裂的走向和活动性都缺少相关证据。本文利用浅层地震反射结合折射层析成像方法，采用2 m道间距接收人工地震波，利用多次覆盖技术和密集炮集折射记录，分别对数据进行反射处理和层析成像，获取了浅层地震反射剖面和高分辨率折射层析成像剖面，并参考相关区域地震安全性评价钻孔资料进行解译。综合研究结果表明：浅层地震反射和高分辨率折射联合应用可互补，尤其在外界干扰较为严重的区域，利用高分辨率折射层析成像可减少浅层地震反射对断层的误判。此外，研究结果证实了嘉鱼断裂的具体位置，其性质为北盘下降、南盘上升的正断层，且该断层错断了第四系沉积层。

关键词: 嘉鱼断裂, 第四系活动, 地震反射, 高分辨率折射, 层析成像

Abstract: Jiayu fault has been confirmed as a concealed fault, which is located in the northeast of Jiayu county. The fault is about 40 kilometers long. It stretches nearly EW-NEE, traverses the Yangtze River from the southwest of Honghu Laowan, passing the northern edge of Maan Mountain, and extends eastward to the Futou Lake. Although the eastern end of the fault is clearly exposed, the tail of the fault is not apparent. The lack of small scale geophysical data in the area leads to the lack of relevant evidence for the trend and activity of the fault. In this study, shallow seismic wave combined with refraction tomography was used to receive artificial seismic wave at 2 meters interval. Through the use of multiple coverage technique and dense spot collection refraction records, the data were separately reflected and tomographically imaged, and then the shallow seismic reflection profiles and high-resolution refractive tomography profiles were obtained, and the data is interpreted by referring to the relevant regional seismic safety evaluation drilling data.. The comprehensive research results show that the application of shallow seismic reflection and high resolution refraction can be complementary, especially in the area where the external interference is serious, as the high-resolution seismic refraction tomography can reduce the chances of misjudgment of shallow seismic reflection. In addition, the study confirmed the specific location and its normal fault characteristics of Jiayu fault, which is characterized by the decline of the northern plate and the rise of the south plate, and the fault cut through the Quaternary sedimentary layer.

Key words: Jiayu fault, Quaternary activity, seismic reflection, high resolution refraction, tomography

中图分类号:

P631.4

林松, 李媛, 程邈, 邓小虎, 王薇. 嘉鱼断裂西向延伸与第四系活动特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(5): 1501-1511.

Lin Song, Li Yuan, Cheng Miao, Deng Xiaohu, Wang Wei. Westward Extension and Quaternary Activity Characteristics of Jiayu Fault[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2018, 48(5): 1501-1511.

参考文献

[1] 邓起东. 城市活动断裂探测和地震危险性评价问题[J]. 地震地质, 2002, 24(4):601-605. Deng Qidong. Urban Active Fracture Detection and Seismic Risk Assessment[J]. Seismological Geology, 2002, 24(4):601-605.
[2] 方盛明,张先康,刘保金,等. 探测大城市活断层的地球物理方法[J]. 地震地质, 2002, 24(4):606-613. Fang Shengming, Zhang Xiankang, Liu Baojin, et al. Geophysical Methods for Detecting Active Faults in Large Cities[J]. Seismological Geology, 2002, 24(4):606-613.
[3] 方盛明,张先康,刘保金,等. 城市活断层地震勘探的最佳组合方法与应用研究[J]. 地震地质, 2006, 28(4):646-654. Fang Shengming, Zhang Xiankang, Liu Baojin, et al. Optimum Combination Method and Application Study of Seismic Exploration of Active Faults in Urban[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2006, 28(4):646-654.
[4] 葛利华,姜弢,徐学纯,等. 辽西葫芦岛东部表层调查方法比对实验[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2017, 47(2):616-625. Ge Lihua, Jiang Tao, Xu Xuechun, et al. In Huludao Eastern Surface Survey Method Comparison Experiment[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(2):616-625.
[5] 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心. 中南地区1:1500000磁法推断地质构造图[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2013. Wuhan Geological Survey Center of the China Geological Survey. The 1:1500000 Magnetic Method in the Middle and South Areas is Inferred[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2013.
[6] 江西省地质矿产局. 江西省区域地质志[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1984. Jiangxi Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. Regional Geology of Jiangxi Province[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1984.
[7] 湖北省地质矿产局.中华人民共和国地质矿产部地质专报:一:区域地质:第20号:湖北省区域地质志[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1990. Geology and Mineral Resources Bureau of Hubei Province. Geology Special Department of Geology and Mineral Resources of People's Republic of China:1:Regional Geology:No Twentieth:Regional Geology of Hubei Province[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1990.
[8] 中国地质调查局. 二十世纪末中国区域地质调查与研究进展[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2003. China Geological Survey. China's Regional Geological Survey and Research Progress at the End of Twentieth Century[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2003.
[9] 徐明才,高景华,刘建勋,等. 应用于城市活断层调查的地震方法技术[J]. 中国地震, 2005, 21(1):17-23. Xu Mingcai, Gao Jinghua, Liu Jianxun, et al. Seismological Methods and Techniques Applied to Active Fault Investigation in Cities[J]. Seismological of China, 2005, 21(1):17-23.
[10] Steeples D W, Miller R D. Avoiding Pitfalls in Shallow Seismic Reflection Surveys[J]. Geophysics, 1998, 63(4):1213-1224.
[11] Chang X, Liu Y, Wang H, et al. 3-D Tomographic Static Correction[J]. Geophysics, 2002, 67(4), 1275-1285.
[12] 刘保金,张先康,酆少英,等. 龙门山山前彭州隐伏断裂高分辨率地震反射剖面[J]. 地球物理学报, 2009, 52(2):538-546. Liu Baojin, Zhang Xiankang, Feng Shaoying, et al. High-Resolution Seismic Reflection Profile Across Pengzhou Buried Fault in the Frontal Areas of Longmen Shan[J]. Geophysics, 2009, 52(2):538-546.
[13] Brouwer Jan H. Improved NMO Correction with a Specific Application to Shallow-Seismic Data[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 2002, 50(2):225-237.
[14] 酆少英,龙长兴,高锐,等. 高分辨折射和浅层反射地震方法在活断层探测中的联合应用[J]. 地震学报, 2010, 32(6):718-724. Feng Shaoying, Long Changxing, Gao Rui, et al. Joint Application of High-Resolution Refraction and Shallow Reflection Seismic Exploration Approach to Active Fault Survey[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2010, 32(6):718-724.
[15] Vidale J E. Finite-Difference Calculation of Travel-times in Three Dimensions[J]. Geophysics, 1990, 55(5):521-526.
[16] Hole J A. Nonlinear High-Resolution Three-Dimen-sional Seismic Travel Time Tomography[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, 1992, 97(B5):6553-6562.
[17] Fuis G S, Okaya D A, Clayton R W, et al. Images of Crust Beneath Southern California Will Aid Study of Earthquakes and Their Effects[J]. Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union, 2013, 77(18):173-176.
[18] 王椿镛,张先康,丁志峰,等. 大别造山带上部地壳结构的有限差分层析成像[J]. 地球物理学报, 1997, 40(4):495-502. Wang Chunyong, Zhang Xiankang, Ding Zhifeng, et al. Finite Difference Tomography of the Upper Crust Structure of Dabie Orogenic Belt[J]. Geophysics,1997, 40(4):495-502.
[19] 段永红, 张先康, 方盛明. 华北地区上部地壳结构的三维有限差分层析成像[J]. 地球物理学报, 2002, 45(3):362-369. Duan Yonghong, Zhang Xiankang, Fang Shengming. Three Dimensional Finite Difference Upper Crustal Structure in North China Branch Tomography[J]. Geophysics, 2002, 45(3):362-369.
[20] 徐朝繁, 张先康, 段永红,等. 新疆伽师强震群区上部地壳细结构的高分辨折射地震探测研究[J]. 地震学报, 2006, 28(1):60-69. Xu Zhaofan, Zhang Xiankang, Duan Yonghong, et al. High-Resolution Refraction Seismic Exploration of Fine Structure of Upper Crust in Jiashi Strong Earthquake Swarm, Xinjiang[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2006, 28(1):60-69.
[21] 刘天佑. 应用地球物理数据采集与处理[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 2004. Liu Tianyou. Application of Geophysical Data Collection and Processing[M]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press, 2004.
[22] 杨卓欣,袁道阳,段永红,等. 高分辨折射勘探技术在浅层反射勘探失效地区的应用:兰州市活断层浅层勘探实例[J].地震地质,2009,31(1):57-68. Yang Zhuoxin, Yuan Daoyang, Duan Yonghong, et al. Application of High Resolution Seismic Refraction Technology in Inapplicable Area of Shallow Reflection Survey:Examples of Shallow Seismic Exploration for Active Fault in Lanzhou City[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2009, 31(1):57-68.
[23] 武汉地震工程研究院有限公司. 江北高速公路东延线项目工程场地地震安全性评价报告[R]. 武汉:武汉地震工程研究院有限公司,2016. Wuhan Institute of Earthquake Engineering Co Ltd. Earthquake Safety Evaluation Report on Site of East Extension Project of Jiangbei Expressway[R]. Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Earthquake Engineering Co Ltd, 2016.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed