吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201601101

• 地质与资源 •    下一篇

论湖相滩与坝的成因差异

王冠民, 王群, 王春阳, 付尧   

  1. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-14 出版日期:2016-01-26 发布日期:2016-01-26
  • 作者简介:王冠民(1969),男,教授,博士,主要从事沉积学和储层地质学的教学与研究工作,E-mail:wguanmin@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家"十二五"科技重大专项 (2011ZX05023-001-013);国家自然科学基金项目(41572123)

Discussion on Genesis Difference of Lake Beach and Bar

Wang Guanmin, Wang Qun, Wang Chunyang, Fu Yao   

  1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
  • Received:2015-05-14 Online:2016-01-26 Published:2016-01-26
  • Supported by:

    Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period(2011ZX05023-001-013)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(41572123)

摘要:

滩坝是滨浅湖地区常见的一种沉积体系类型,自20世纪90年代起,滩坝作为良好的油气储集体受到人们重视。本文在国内外大量文献资料查阅以及现代沉积考察的基础上,追溯滩坝定义来源,并从水动力搬运和沉积方式上对湖相滩与坝的差异进行重新讨论,将滩与坝划分为两种能够完全区分的沉积体。滩是自浪基面至最大湖泛面范围内,碎屑物质在波浪作用下垂直于湖岸搬运和沉积的、与岸大致平行的席状(或条带状)沉积体,向陆地方向直接与湖岸平原相连。滩可以呈大面积席状展布,也可以呈滩脊、滩槽状相间分布,沿岸沙坝本质是形成于水下的滩脊。坝是在沿岸流作用下,碎屑物质平行湖岸搬运并沉积于岸线向陆弯折处、一端与岸相连、另一端向湖区自由伸展的沉积体,坝与湖岸平原常有湖湾或泻湖相隔。滩与坝的形成水动力条件不同,平面上无法共生,不应该将坝砂作为滩砂的特殊类型进行研究。厘清滩与坝的成因和差别,将有助于陆相含油气盆地滩坝砂储层的精确勘探与开发。

关键词: 含油气盆地, 湖相, 滩砂, 坝砂, 水动力, 成因差异

Abstract:

A beach and bar is one of the common shore shallow lake sedimentary system. Since 1990 s, the beach and bar has drown an increasing attention because of being good reservoir of hydrocarbon. Based on a great amount of domestic and broad references and modern sedimentary study, this article gives definition and classification to loch beach and loch bar according to the hydrodynamics and deposition pattern. Beach is the banded (or sheeted) sedimentary body because of the migration of clastic sediments of perpendicular to the shore which is roughly parallel to shore. Beach is connected to the shore plain, where a beach ridge or beach trough interphase is distributed. A underwater beach ridge is customarily referred to an offshore bar. Bar is the sedimentary body formed by littoral current; and one end of which is connected to the shore, while the other end freely extends. There should be a bay or lagoon between shore and bar. Beach and bar are different in hydrodynamic condition. They cannot be symbiosis in the plane. It is impossible that bar is one special type of beach.

Key words: oil and gas basin, lacustrine facies, beach, bar, hydrodynamic force, genesis definition

中图分类号: 

  • TE112.21

[1] 吴崇筠, 刘宝珺, 王德发, 等. 碎屑岩沉积相模式[J]. 石油学报, 1981, 2(4):1-10. Wu Chongyun, Liu Baojun, Wang Defa, et al. Patterns of Sedimentry Faices of Clastics in China[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 1981, 2(4):1-10.

[2] 吴崇筠. 湖盆砂体类型[J]. 沉积学报, 1986, 4(4):1-27. Wu Chongyun. Sandbodies in Lake Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1986, 4(4):1-27.

[3] 刘宝珺. 海相陆源地层的环境分析[J]. 中国区域地质, 1982, 1(1):6. Liu Baojun. Marine Terrigenous Stratigraphic Analysis of the Environment[J]. Regional Geology of China, 1982, 1(1):6.

[4] 陈世悦, 杨剑萍. 惠民凹陷西部下第三系沙河街组两种滩坝沉积特征[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2000, 28(3):1-4. Chen Shiyue, Yang Jianping. Sedimentary Characteristics of Two Kinds of Beach-Bars of Oligocene Shahejie Formation in Western Huimin Depression[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration, 2000, 28(3):1-4.

[5] 邓宏文, 马立祥, 姜正龙,等. 车镇凹陷大王北地区沙二段滩坝成因类型、分布规律与控制因素研究[J]. 沉积学报, 2008, 26(5):715-724. Deng Hongwen, Ma Lixiang, Jiang Zhenglong,et al. Sand Bank Generation Types and Its Controls on Their Distribution, the Second Member of Shahejie Formation, Lower Tertiary, Dawangbei, Chezhen Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2008, 26(5):715-724.

[6] 邓宏文, 高晓鹏, 赵宁,等. 济阳坳陷北部断陷湖盆陆源碎屑滩坝成因类型、分布规律与成藏特征[J]. 古地理学报, 2010, 12(6):737-747. Deng Hongwen, Gao Xiaopeng, Zhao Ning,et al. Genetic Types, Distribution Patterns and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Terrigenous Beach and Bar in Northern Faulted-Lacustrine-Basin of Jiyang Depression[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2010, 12(6):737-747.

[7] 王永诗, 刘惠民, 高永进,等. 断陷湖盆滩坝砂体成因与成藏:以东营凹陷沙四上亚段为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2012, 19(1):100-107. Wang Yongshi, Liu Huimin, Gao Yongjin, et al. Sandbody Genesis and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism of Beach Bar Reservoir in Faulted Lacustrine Basins:A Case Study from the Upper of the Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation, Dongying Sag[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2012, 19(1):100-107.

[8] 冯增昭.中国沉积学[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,1998:432-445. Feng Zengzhao. Chinese Sedimentology[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 1998:432-445.

[9] 操应长,王健,刘惠民,等.东营凹陷南坡沙四上亚段滩坝砂体的沉积特征及模式[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(6):4-10. Cao Yingchang, Wang Jian, Liu Huimin, et al. Sedimentary Characteristics and Models of Beach-Bar Sand Bodies in the Upper Part of the Fourth Member of Paleogene in the South Slope of Dongying Depression[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2009, 33(6):4-10.

[10] 李秀华,肖焕钦,王宁.东营凹陷博兴洼陷沙四段上亚段储集层特征及油气富集规律[J].油气地质与采收率,2001, 8(3):21-24. Li Xiuhua, Xiao Huanqin,Wang Ning. Reservoir Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Enrichment Rules in Upper Es4 of Boxing Sub Sag in Dongying Sag[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2001,8(3):21-24.

[11] 邬金华, 张哲, 王柏轩. 东营凹陷沙一段滩坝-泻湖沉积体系和层序发育的控制特点[J]. 地球科学:中国地质大学学报,1998, 23(1):21-26. Wu Jinhua, Zhang Zhe, Wang Boxuan. Barrier-Lagoon Sedimentary System and Sequence Development Control of Shahejie Formation Member of Dongying Sag[J]. Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,1998, 23(1):21-26.

[12] 潘树新,王建功,刘彩燕,等. 坳陷湖盆沿岸坝沉积特征、分布规律及成藏机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2012, 42(增刊2):70-78. Pan Shuxin,Wang Jiangong,Liu Caiyan,et al.Sedimentary Features,Distribution Pattern and Accumulation Mechanism of Lakeshore Bar[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(Sup.2):70-78.

[13] 赵宁,邓宏文. 沾化凹陷桩西地区沙二上亚段滩坝沉积规律及控制因素研究[J]. 沉积学报, 2010, 28(3):441-449. Zhao Ning, Deng Hongwen. Beach-Bar Depositional Laws and Controls of the 2nd Member of Shahejie Formation in Zhuangxi Area,Zhanhua Sag[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2010, 28(3):441-449.

[14] 杨勇强,邱隆伟,姜在兴,等. 陆相断陷湖盆滩坝沉积模式:以东营凹陷古近系沙四上亚段为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2011, 32(3):417-423. Yang Yongqiang, Qiu Longwei, Jiang Zaixing,et al. A Depositional Pattern of Beach Bar in Continental Rift Lake Basins:A Case Study on the Upper Part of the Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Sag[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2011, 32(3):417-423.

[15] 马立祥,邓宏文,林会喜. 济阳坳陷三种典型滩坝相的空间分布模式[J]. 地质科技情报, 2009, 28(2):66-71. Ma Lixiang, Deng Hongwen, Lin Huixi. Three Kinds of Spatiotemporal Models of Typical Beach and Bar Sedimentary Facies in Jiyang Depression[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2009, 28(2):66-71.

[16] 吴小斌,侯加根,王大兴,等. 基于青海湖现代沉积对港中油田沙一段滩坝沉积微相的研究[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013, 28(5):31-37. Wu Xiaobin, Hou Jiagen, Wang Daxing,et al. Study on Sedimentary Microfacies of Beach-Bar Sand of the First Member of Shajiehe Fomation in Gangzhong Oilfield Based on the Qinghai Lake Deposition[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2013,28(5):31-37.

[17] 张鑫,张金亮. 惠民凹陷中央隆起带沙四上亚段滩坝与风暴岩组合沉积[J]. 沉积学报, 2009, 27(2):246-252. Zhang Xin, Zhang Jinliang. Composite Deposits of Beach Bar and Tempestitein the Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Fomation in the Cental Uplift Belt of Huimin Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2009, 27(2):246-252.

[18] 杨勇强,邱隆伟,姜在兴,等. 东营凹陷沙四上亚段滩坝物源体系[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2011, 41(1):46-53. Yang Yongqiang, Qiu Longwei, Jiang Zaixing,et al. Beach Bar-Provenance System on the Upper Part of Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation, in Dongying Sag[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2011,41(1):46-53.

[19] 朱筱敏, 信荃麟, 张晋仁. 断陷湖盆滩坝储集体沉积特征及沉积模式[J]. 沉积学报, 1994,12(2):20-27. Zhu Xiaomin, Xin Quanlin, Zhang Jinren. Sedimentary Characteristics and Models of the Beach-Bar Reservoirs in Faulted Down Lacustrine Basins[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1994, 12(2):20-27.

[20] Russell I C. Geological History of Lake Lahontan:A Quaternary Lake of Northwestern Nevada[M]. Washington:US Government Printing Office, 1885.

[21] Gilbert G K. Lake Bonneville[M]. Washington:US Government Printing Office, 1890.

[22] Thompson W O.Original Structures of Beaches,Bars, and Dunes[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1937, 48(6):723-752.

[23] Willis B. Conditions of Sedimentary Deposition[J]. Journal of Geology, 1893, 1(5):476-520.

[24] Barrell J. Relative Geological Importance of Conti-nental Littoral, and Marine Sedimentation[J]. Journal of Geology, 1906, 14(6):524-568.

[25] Johnson D W. Is the Atlantic Coast Sinking?[J]. Geographical Review, 1917, 3(2):135-139.

[26] Bruun P. Sea-Level Rise as a Cause of Shore Erosion[J]. Journal of the Waterways & Harbors Division, 1962,88(1):117-132.

[27] Hoyt J H, Henry V J. Influence of Island Migration on Barrier-Island Sedimentation[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1967, 78(1):77-86.

[28] Anthony E J. Sediment-Wave Parametric Charac-terization of Beach[J]. Journal of Coastal Research,1998,14:347-352.

[29] Bagnold R A. Beach Formation by Waves:Some Model Experiments in a Wave Tank[J]. Journal of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1940, 15:27-52.

[30] Davis R A Jr,Fox W T. Coastal Process,Nearshore Sand Bar[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1972,42:401-412.

[31] Dean R G. Additional Sediment Input into the Nearshore Region[J]. Shore and Beach, 1987, 55(3/4):76-81.

[32] Hallermeier R J. A Profile Zonation for Seasonal Sand Beaches from Wave Climate[J]. Coastal Engineering,1981, 4:253-277.

[33] Clifton H E.Supply,Segregation,Successions,and Significance of Shallow Marine Conglomeratic Deposits[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,2003,51(4):370-388.

[34] Olson J S. Lake Michigan Dune Development:3:Lake-Level, Beach, and Dune Oscillations[J]. Journal of Geology, 1958, 66(5):473-483.

[35] Campbell V C. Depositional Model-Upper Cretaceous Gallup Beachshor Eline,Ship Rock Area,Northwestern New-Mexico[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1971, 41(2):395-409.

[36] Komar P D.海滩过程与沉积作用[M]. 邱建立,庄振业,崔承崎, 译. 北京:海洋出版社,1985. Komar P D. Beach Process and Sedimentation[M]. Translated by Qiu Jianli, Zhuang Zhenye,Cui Chengqi. Beijing:Ocean Press,1985.

[37] Saville T. Sand Transfer, Beach Control, and Inlet Improvements, Fire Island inlet to Jones Beach[C]. New York:Proc 7th Conf Coastal Eng, 1961:785-807.

[38] Johnson D W. Shore Processes and Shoreline Deve-lopment[J]. Geologiska F reningen I Stockholm F rhandlingar, 1920, 42(2):39-40.

[39] Russell R J.Long Straight Beaches[J]. Ecol Geol Helv, 1958, 51:591-598.

[40] Potter P E. Sand Bodies and Sedimentary Environments:A Review[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1967, 51(3):337-365.

[41] Shelton J W. Stratigraphic Models and General Criteria for Recognition of Alluvial, Barrier-Bar, and Turbidity-Current Sand Deposits[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1967, 51(12):2441-2461.

[42] Davies D K, Ethridge F G, Berg R R. Recognition of Barrier Environments[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1971, 55(4):550-565.

[43] Reading H G. 沉积环境和相[M]. 周明鉴,陈昌明,张疆, 等译. 北京:科学出版社,1985:179-210. Reading H G. Sedimentary Environments and Facies[M]. Translated by Zhou Mingjian, Chen Changming,Zhang Jiang, et al. Beijing:Science Press, 1985:179-210.

[44] Wright L D, Short A D. Morphodynamic Variability of Surf Zones and Beaches:A Synthesis[J]. Marine Geology, 1984, 56(1):93-118.

[45] Greenwood B, Osborne P D. Equilibrium Slopes and Cross-Shore Velocity Asymmetries in a Storm-Dominated, Barred Nearshore System[J]. Marine Geology, 1991, 96(3):211-235.

[46] 沙庆安. 关于滩相沉积[J]. 古地理学报, 1999, 1(3):8-12. Sha Qing'an. Study on Shoal Facies Deposit[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 1999, 1(3):8-12.

[47] 姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:282-298, 329-337. Jiang Zaixing. Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003:282-298, 329-337.

[48] 宋国奇, 王延章, 路达, 等. 山东东营凹陷南坡地区沙四段纯下亚段湖相碳酸盐岩滩坝发育的控制因素探讨[J]. 古地理学报, 2012, 14(5):565-570. Song Guoqi, Wang Yanzhang, Lu Da, et al. Controlling Factors of Carbonate Rock Beach and Bar Deve-lopment in Lacustrine Facies in the Chunxia Submember of Member 4 of Shahejie Formation in South Slop of Dongying Sag, Shandong Province[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2012, 14(5):565-570.

[49] 杨世伦. 海岸环境和地貌过程导论[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 2003. Yang Shilun. An Introduction to the Coastal Environment and Geomorphologic Processes[M]. Beijing:Ocean Press, 2003.

[50] 沈庆, 徐均, 洪军. 海岸带地理环境学[M]. 北京:人民交通出版社, 2008. Shen Qing, Xu Jun, Hong Jun. Geographical Environics in Coastal Zone[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.

[51] Ingle J C. The Movement of Beach Sand:An Analysis Using Fluorencest Grains[J]. Science, 1996, 153(3741):1232.

[52] 王新民,宋春晖,师永民, 等. 青海湖现代沉积环境与沉积相特征[J]. 沉积学报, 1997, 15(增刊1):157-161. Wang Xinmin, Song Chunhui, Shi Yongmin, et al. Modern Sedimentary Environment and Sedimentary Facies Charaeteristics in Qinghai Lake[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1997, 15(Sup.1):157-161.

[53] 宋春晖,王新民,师永民等. 青海湖现代滨岸沉积微相及其特征[J]. 沉积学报, 1999, 17(1):51-57. Song Chuihui, Wang Xinmin, Shi Yongmin, et al. Sedimentary Characteristics and Microfacies of Shore Zone in Qinghai Lake[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1999, 17(1):51-57.

[54] 沈吉,张恩楼,夏威岚. 青海湖近千年来气候环境变化的湖泊沉积记录[J]. 第四纪地质, 2001, 21(6):508-512. Shen Ji, Zhang Enlou, Xia Weilan. Records from Lake Sediments of the Qinghai Lake to Mirror Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past About 1000 Years[J].Quaternary Geology, 2001, 21(6):508-512.

[55] 王冠民,吴智平,陈清华. 试论湖相高频旋回水下间断面的成因:揭示湖盆短期沉降过程的突破口[J]. 地学前缘,2012, 19(1):51-57. Wang Guanmin, Wu Zhiping, Chen Qinghua. Brief Discussion About Formation Cause of Underwater Discontinuity Surface in Lacustrine High-Frequency Cycle:Breakthrough of Revealing the Short-Term Subsidence of Lake Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2012, 19(1):51-57.

[56] 田继军,姜在兴. 惠民凹陷与东营凹陷沙四上亚段滩坝沉积特征对比与分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(3):612-623. Tian Jijun, Jiang Zaixing. Comparison and Analysis of Beach Bars Sedimentary Characteristics of Upper Es4 in Huimin and Dongying Depression[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(3):612-623.

[57] 杨有星, 金振奎,白武厚, 等. 黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(5):1330-1340. Yang Youxing, Jin Zhenkui, Bai Wuhou,et al. Depositional Model and Evolution Characteristics of Thin-Layer Lacustrine Carbonates in Qibei Slope, Huanghua Depression[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2013,43(5):1330-1340.

[1] 陈冬霞, 庞雄奇, 杨克明, 祝渭平, 严青霞. 川西坳陷深层叠复连续型致密砂岩气藏成因及形成过程[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2016, 46(6): 1611-1623.
[2] 雷宏武, 李佳琦, 许天福, 王福刚. 鄂尔多斯盆地深部咸水层二氧化碳地质储存热-水动力-力学(THM)耦合过程数值模拟[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(2): 552-563.
[3] 雷宏武,金光荣,李佳琦,石岩,冯波. 松辽盆地增强型地热系统(EGS)地热能开发热-水动力耦合过程[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(5): 1633-1646.
[4] 孙少晨, 魏怀斌, 肖伟华, 周祖昊, 王浩, 贺华翔. 冰封期水动力水质模型在松花江水污染事件中的应用[J]. J4, 2011, 41(5): 1548-1553.
[5] 王长明. 内蒙古大井矿床碳氧同位素组成及其成因意义[J]. J4, 2010, 40(4): 810-820.
[6] 郭洪金,李勇,钟建华,王海侨. 山东东辛油田古近系沙河街组一段碳酸盐岩储集特征[J]. J4, 2006, 36(03): 351-357.
[7] 曲亚军,朱大岗,孟宪刚,邵兆刚,余 佳,韩建恩,孟庆伟. 西藏纳木错地区116 ka以来的湖相沉积及其环境演化与气候变迁[J]. J4, 2006, 36(02): 187-0193.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!