吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 313-325.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20200017
刘招君1,2, 柳蓉1,2, 孙平昌1,2, 孟庆涛1,2, 胡菲1,2
Liu Zhaojun1,2, Liu Rong1,2, Sun Pingchang1,2, Meng Qingtao1,2, Hu Fei1,2
摘要: 我国陆相盆地油页岩矿床特征多样,尚未形成统一的分类体系,本文以典型盆地松辽盆地、抚顺盆地和桦甸盆地、准噶尔盆地以及鄂尔多斯盆地为例,分别开展了离散型大陆裂谷盆地、转换型走滑盆地、汇聚型前陆盆地及板内型克拉通盆地4种类型解剖,总结了各类型盆地油页岩特征及矿床赋存规律。其中:离散型大陆裂谷后热沉降坳陷演化阶段沉积的油页岩具有有机质类型Ⅰ型、含油率中等、厚度中等、分布面积广的特征,易形成特大型油页岩矿床;离散型大陆裂谷同裂谷沉降断陷阶段沉积的油页岩具有有机质类型Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型、含油率中等、厚度中等、分布面积小的特征,易形成中型油页岩矿床;转换型走滑盆地油页岩具有有机质类型Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型、矿床赋存特征差异较大的特征,这主要取决于走滑运动断陷的构造沉降量,该类型盆地既发育中等含油率、巨厚的油页岩矿床,也发育高含油率、厚度薄的油页岩矿床,但总体分布范围较小,易形成中小型油页岩矿床;汇聚型前陆盆地陆相磨拉石阶段沉积的油页岩具有有机质类型主要为Ⅰ和Ⅱ1型、含油率较高、厚度大、分布局限、地层产状变化大的特征,易形成大型油页岩矿床;克拉通型盆地陆内坳陷阶段沉积的油页岩具有有机质类型主要为Ⅰ和Ⅱ1型、含油率中等、厚度稳定、分布面积广的特征,易形成特大型油页岩矿床。在所有盆地类型中,半深湖-深湖环境、高水位体系域和水进体系域是油页岩形成的有利场所。
中图分类号:
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