海拉尔—塔木察格盆地中部富油凹陷高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层成因及油气勘探意义

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190317

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海拉尔—塔木察格盆地中部富油凹陷下白垩统铜钵庙组和南屯组广泛发育高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层，并已于其中获得了工业突破，但对其成因机制认识不清。在岩心、薄片、录井和测井等资料综合研究的基础上，结合大量海拉尔—塔木察格盆地及周边地区的火山事件分析，认为中部富油凹陷发育的高含凝灰质碎屑岩的岩石类型主要包括凝灰质砂岩、凝灰质泥岩、凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩。不同时期、不同凹陷高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层发育特点各异，整体来看从铜钵庙组到南屯组储层中的凝灰质含量越来越低，高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层主要发育在铜钵庙组和南一段沉积时期。高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层中的火山物质并非来源于自身断陷期发生的基性火山活动，而是来自于大兴安岭地区大规模的酸性火山喷发事件。海拉尔—塔木察格盆地高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层的成因机制包括两种类型：一种是同沉积期火山灰直接空降入湖型；另一种是同沉积期火山灰先沉降至陆上经河流搬运后再沉积的水携型。高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层中的火山碎屑物质受有机酸作用易于溶蚀，次生孔隙发育，为深部油气成藏提供了有效储层空间，并且火山喷发活动对优质烃源岩的形成具有促进作用，对于油气勘探具有重要意义。

关键词: 海拉尔—塔木察格盆地, 中部富油凹陷, 铜钵庙组, 南屯组, 高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层, 成因机制

Abstract: High content of tuffaceous clastic rock reservoirs are widely developed in Tongbomiao Formation and Nantun Formation in the central oil-rich depression of Hailar-Tamucage basin,but the genetic mechanism is unclear. Based on the comprehensive analyses of core, logging, well logging and thin section data, combined with the volcanic events in Hailar-Tamucage basin and its surrounding areas, it is considered that the high tuffaceous clastic rocks developed in the middle oil-rich depression include mainly tuffaceous sandstone, tuffaceous mudstone, and tuffs. In different periods, the development characteristics of high content tuffaceous clastic rock reservoirs are different in different depressions. As a whole, the tuffaceous content in the reservoirs from Tongbomiao Formation to Nantun Formation is getting lower and lower. The high tuffaceous clastic reservoir is mainly developed in the sedimentary period of Tongbomiao Formation and the lower part of Nantun Formation. The volcanic material in the high content tuffaceous clastic rock reservoir is not derived from the basic volcanic activity in the fault depression period, but from the large-scale acidic volcanic eruption event in Daxing'anling area. There are two types of genetic mechanism of the high content tuffaceous clastic reservoir in Hailar-Tamucage basin:one is the direct air drop type of volcanic ash in the same sedimentary period, and the other is the water carrying type that the volcanic ash first dropped on the land and then deposited after being transported in the same sedimentary period. The pyroclastic material in the high tuffaceous clastic rock reservoir is easy to be dissolved by organic acid to form the secondary pores, which provided effective reservoir spaces for the deep oil and gas accumulation, and the volcanic eruption promoted the formation of high-quality source rocks, which is of great significance for oil and gas exploration.

Key words: Hailar-Tamucage basin, central oil-rich depression, Tongbomiao Formation, Nantun Formation, high tuffaceous clastic reservoir, genetic mechanism

中图分类号:

P618.13

蒙启安, 李军辉, 李跃, 邹越. 海拉尔—塔木察格盆地中部富油凹陷高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层成因及油气勘探意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2020, 50(2): 569-578.

Meng Qi'an, Li Junhui, Li Yue, Zou Yue. Genetic Mechanism of High Content Tuffaceous Clastic Rock Reservoir in Hailar-Tamucage Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2020, 50(2): 569-578.

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