Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition) ›› 2016, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 1026-1041.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201604104

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Global Early Paleozoic Orogens (Ⅳ): Plate Reconstruction and Supercontinent Carolina

Li Sanzhong1,2,3, Yang Zhao1,2, Zhao Shujuan1,2, Liu Xin1,2, Yu Shan1,2, Li Xiyao1,2, Guo Lingli1,2, Suo Yanhui1,2, Dai Liming1,2, Guo Runhua1,2, Zhang Guowei1,2   

  1. 1. College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China;
    2. Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Technique, Ministry of Education, Qindao 266100, Shandong, China;
    3. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
  • Received:2016-03-16 Online:2016-07-26 Published:2016-07-26
  • Supported by:

    Supported by Key Project of NSFC (Grants 41190072, 41190070, U1606401); NSFC for Distinguished Young Scientists (41325009); Taishan Scholor Program and Aoshan Elite Scientist Plan to Prof. Sanzhong Li

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Abstract:

Paleoproterozoic and Phanerozoic plate tectonics and periodic evolutionary processes have obvious difference, reflecting in the geological records developed in two different plate tectonic regimes. The Early Paleozoic is a transition era of these two regimes, the Early Paleozoic tectonic processes and plate reconstructions are the key to understand tectonic mechanism and cycle of the Earth's plate tectonics. This paper summarizes and compares the global geological events of the Early Paleozoic collisional orogenic belts since the rifting of the Supercontinent Rodinia based on the analysis of the evolutions of the Early Paleozoic collisional orogenic belts, summing up seven Gondwana-, Larussia-, Paleo-Chinese blocks-related collisional or accretionary orogenic events: the Brasiliano Orogeny, East African Orogeny, the Kuunga Orogeny, the Caledonian-stage proto-Tethyan- and Paleo-Asian Ocean-related orogeny in East Asia, and classic Caledonian Orogeny, central Eurasian Caledonian suturing, Appalachian Orogeny. After synthesizing seven-stage orogneic events, based on the combination of paleomagnetism, paleontology and paleogeographic data, this paper reconstructs assembly processes of global plates from the Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic as follows. Supercontient Rodinia began to experience three stages of rifting since the Neoproterozoic ~950 Ma, developing the Panthalassa, Mozambique and the Paleo-Pacific oceans. The Iapetus ocean opened in 615-560 Ma. In about 560 Ma the dispersal of the Baltica from the West Gondwana resulted in the opening of the narrow Ran Ocean. The Brasiliano Orogeny, the East African orogeny and the Kuunga orogeny in the southern hemisphere completed the final assembly of the Gondwanaland in ~540 Ma. Some terranes in the western segment of the northern margin of the Gondwana locally drifted away to result inthe opening of the Rheic and the Tornquist oceans since ~500 Ma. In ~420 Ma the formation of the classic Caledonian orogenic belt and the Central Eurasian suture zone closed the Iapetus Ocean. Coevally the Svalbard and the United Kingdom may be located in southeast of the Greenland Shield, and some micro-continental blocks such as the North China block docked in the eastern segment of the northern margin of the Gondwanaland. Since 425 Ma the Siberia plate had a trend away from the assembled Larussia Continent, but the South and North American plates were closer and closer in Late Ordovician-Early Devonian, and it resulted in the collision between the North American plate and the terrances on the northern margin of peri-Gondwana. In about 400 Ma, the mixed biota in the South and North America and palaeogeographic reconstruction shows the South and North America were very closer, so we speculated that one supercontinent may existed and called the Supercontinent Carolina in this paper, because the Carolina orogenic belt is the potential final collisional zone. Based on this supercontinent, this paper proposes that the supercontinent cycle is 700 Myr.

Key words: Early Paleozoic, orogenic belt, ocean-continent configuration, plate reconstruction, supercontinent, Rodinia, Gondwana, Pangea

CLC Number: 

  • P542

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