基于多模式运营网络平衡的出租车票价结构优化模型

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211030

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to optimize the taxi travel fare， the fare structure of cruise taxi mode and online car-hailing mode was taken as the research object. Based on the analysis of the cruising behavior， the probability statement of taxi cruising direction selection and cruising matching results under different modes was determined， and the equilibrium conditions of multi-mode taxi service network was established based on the balance of supply and demand and the balance of service time. The control threshold was used to transform the equilibrium condition into inequality condition as constraint， and a multi-objective fare structure optimization model under uncertain demand was constructed. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-II） was introduced to transform the constraint conditions including the equilibrium conditions into the external penalty function and the adaptive mechanism of the balance control threshold decreasing with the iteration state was set. Through the case analysis of A city， after the optimization of the existing fare structure， per-unit fares for cruise mode and online car-hailing mode increase by 18.15% and 9.75% respectively， the corresponding traffic volume decreased by about 3%~4%. The empty rate decreased by about 6%~7%， the average of passenger waiting time decreased by 4.73% and 6.41 %， and the comprehensive index of taxi drivers' labor value increased by 10.86% and 4.15%， respectively. The validity of the model is verified. The analysis found that in the current fare structure， there is a large optimization space for the basic rate of cruise taxi （including base fare， starting mileage and distance fare ） and the no-occupancy surcharge， and the overall optimization space of online ride-hailing fare structure is relatively small.

Key words: transportation economy, taxi fare structure, multi-mode, operation network, network equalization, cruise

CLC Number:

F570.5

Hong-fei JIA,Fei YE,Li-li YANG. Optimization model of taxi fare structure under multi⁃mode taxi service network equilibrium[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(7): 1970-1980.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 3

Comparison of fare structure between statusquo and after optimized"

运营模式	数据来源	$p s u$	$p l u$	$d l u$	$p b u$	$d b u$	$p t u$
巡游车	现状	10	2	3	1	8	0.4
巡游车	最优解	12	2.53	4	1.89	14	0.35
网约车	现状	11	2.71	3	1.82	15	0.9
网约车	最优解	12	2.56	3	1.85	14	0.93

Table 3

Table 4

Operating parameters of multi-mode taxi service network"

指标	现状参数		最优解
指标	巡游车	网约车	巡游车	网约车
单均票价/元	14.6	17.25	16.82	18.46
运输量/单	5404	7957	5217	7654
空驶率/%	63.12	57.15	58.85	52.16
有效里程占比/%	36.88	42.85	41.15	47.84
乘客平均等待时间/ $m i n$	4.44	4.06	4.23	3.87
劳动价值综合指标	19.61	21.74	21.23	22.11

Table 4

Fig.8

Fig.9

Table 5

Variation of empty driving time distribution between status quo and after optimized（%）"

空驶时间区间 / $m i n$	巡游车			网约车
空驶时间区间 / $m i n$	现状	最优解	变化率	现状	最优解	变化率
0~5	26.15	29.32	3.17	41.38	45.39	4.01
5~10	24.17	22.35	-1.82	25.49	22.63	-2.86
10~15	21.71	18.97	-2.74	13.61	12.40	-1.21
15~20	17.88	17.67	-0.21	11.25	11.09	-0.16
20~25	7.69	8.39	0.70	5.96	6.42	0.46
25~30	2.17	2.37	0.20	1.96	1.61	-0.35
30~35	0.18	0.85	0.67	0.27	0.36	0.09
35~40	0.05	0.08	0.03	0.08	0.11	0.03

Table 5

References 13

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