吉林大学学报(理学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (5): 1278-1286.

• • 上一篇    

长春市冬春季环境空气中PM2.5污染特征与来源解析

董德明, 杜山山, 黄亚司, 满睿琪, 姚梦颖, 杜蕊含,梁大鹏,宁杨   

  1. 吉林大学 地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 新能源与环境学院, 长春130012
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-27 出版日期:2020-09-26 发布日期:2020-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 梁大鹏 E-mail:liangdp@jlu.edu.cn

Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Winter and Spring in Changchun City

DONG Deming, DU Shanshan, HUANG Yasi, MAN Ruiqi, YAO Mengying, DU Ruihan, LIANG Dapeng, NING Yang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012,  China
  • Received:2020-04-27 Online:2020-09-26 Published:2020-11-18

摘要: 为研究长春市冬季和春季大气PM2.5的主要来源及污染特征, 于2018-01-06—2018-05-14连续采集PM2.5环境受体样品, 分析其无机元素及水溶性阴离子组分. 结果表明: 采样期间长春市PM2.5的质量浓度为(46.4±24.4)μg/m3, 冬季和春季的平均质量浓度分别为(51.0±25.8)μg/m3和(32.6±11.5)μg/m3, 超标率为11%, 均在冬季超标, 在春节假期中(2018-02-15—2018-02-21), PM2.5的质量浓度低且保持平稳; 所测全部水溶性阴离子及部分无机元素(Al,As,Pb,Se,Ti)质量浓度呈冬季高于春季的趋势; 长春市无机元素主要源于燃煤、 交通和扬尘; 长春市PM2.5中NO-3和SO2-4是燃煤和机动车尾气共同作用的结果, 其中燃煤源的贡献率相对较高; 长春市冬春季PM2.5主要来源为二次源(28.2%)、土壤尘源(12.6%)、交通排放源(10.7%)、燃煤源和建筑尘源(28.6%)、工业源和其他源(19.8%).

关键词: PM2.5, 无机元素, 水溶性阴离子, 源解析, 污染

Abstract: In order to study the atmospheric PM2.5 pollution characteristics and sources in winter and spring in Changchun City, environmental samples were successively collected from 2018-01-06—2018-05-14, we analyzed inorganic elements and water-soluble anions in PM2.5. The results show that the average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Changchun City during the sampling period is (46.4±24.4) μg/m3, and the average mass concentration in winter and spring is (51.0±25.8) μg/m3 and (32.6±11.5) μg/m3, respectively. The rate of exceeding the standard is 11%, all of them occur in winter. The mass concentration of PM2.5 is low and remains stable during the Spring Festival(2018-02-15—2018-02-21). The mass concentration of all water-soluble anions and some inorganic elements (Al,As,Pb,Se and Ti) are higher in winter than that of in spring. The inorganic elements mainly come from coal combustion, traffic pollution and fugitive dust. The NO-3 and SO2-4 in PM2.5 are the result of the combined action of vehicle exhaust and coal combustion,  and the latter plays a more important role. The main sources of PM2.5 in winter and spring are secondary aerosol (28.2%),  soil dust (12.6%),  traffic emissions (10.7%), coal combustion and industrial dust (28.6%),  industrial dust and others (19.8%).

Key words: PM2.5, inorganic element, water\, soluble anion, source apportionment, pollution

中图分类号: 

  • X513