吐哈盆地台南凹陷二叠系充填特征及其研究意义

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20180243

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以高分辨率层序地层学为指导，结合台南凹陷幕式构造演化特征，利用岩心观察、试油数据、地球物理及化学数据等，对台南凹陷二叠系进行了层序地层分析。研究表明研究区二叠系层序地层充填特征、烃源岩和储层分布受控于幕式构造演化，具有明显阶段性。断陷盆地结构特征控制着岩性叠加样式和沉积展布：LSC1沉积时期，南部觉罗塔格山脉崛起，北部陡坡带发育扇三角洲和水底扇沉积，南部缓坡带发育辫状河三角洲沉积体系；LSC2沉积时期，西部鲁西凸起和东部塔克泉凸起逐渐形成，南部物源减弱，东西物源逐渐占主导地位；LSC3沉积时期，北部博格达山脉崛起，地层南北向掀斜，北部物源逐渐发育，断陷短轴方向以扇三角洲沉积体系为主，长轴方向以扇三角洲沉积-辫状河三角洲沉积-湖泊沉积逐渐过渡。分析台南凹陷层序地层叠加样式对烃源岩和储层的控制作用后认为：LSC2水进体系域晚期和高水位体系域早期发育的大段泥岩为有利烃源岩，其上部LSC3低水位体系域发育的大套砂岩为油气主要储集层段。

关键词: 台南凹陷, 二叠系, 高分辨率层序地层学, 体系域, 沉积相, 源岩, 吐哈盆地

Abstract: Taking high resolution sequence stratigraphy as a guidance, combined with episodic tectonic evolution characteristics of Tainan depression, the author analyzed the Permian stratigraphic sequences of Tainan depression by using core observation, oil test data, geophysical and geochemical data. The studies show that the filling characteristics of stratigraphic sequences, source rocks and reservoir distribution are controlled by tectonic evolution with significant stages. The lithology stacking patterns and sedimentary distribution are controlled by the structural characteristics:during the LSC1 deposition period, the southern Sleep Tarot Mountains rose, the northern steep slope developed fan delta and underwater fan deposits, and the southern gentle slope developed braided river delta sedimentary system; during the LSC2 deposition period, the western Luxi uplift and eastern Takequan uplift gradually formed, and the provenance decreased in the south, but increased in the east and west; during the LSC3 deposition period, the northern Bogda Mountains rose, the strata tilted from north to south, the provenance gradually developed in the north, the fan delta developed on the short axis of the fault depression, and the fan delta sedimentary system-braided river delta sedimentary system-lacustrine depositional system transited gradually on the long axis of the fault depression. Through the analysis of the sequence stratigraphy of source rocks and reservoirs, the author believes that the mudstones developed in the late stage of LSC2 transgressive system tract and early stage of high system tract are the main hydrocarbon rocks, and the sandstones developed in the upper LSC3 low water level system tract are the main reservoirs of oil and gas.

Key words: Tainan depression, Permian, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, systems tract, sedimentary facies, source rock, Tuha basin

中图分类号:

P618.13

李汝斌. 吐哈盆地台南凹陷二叠系充填特征及其研究意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2019, 49(6): 1518-1528.

Li Rubin. Filling Characteristics and Research Significance of Permian in Tainan Depression of Tuha Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1518-1528.

参考文献

[1] 李禹辉. 吐哈盆地台南凹陷东南地区二叠系沉积微相研究[D]. 大庆:东北石油大学,2016. Li Yuhui. Research of Permian Sedimentary Microfacies of Tainan Sag in the Southeast of Tuha Basin[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University, 2016.
[2] 王海学. 吐哈盆地台南凹陷前侏罗系不同构造带油气成藏规律研究[D]. 大庆:东北石油大学,2015. Wang Haixue. Research on Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Different Structural Belt the Pre-Jurassic Strata in the Tainan Depression, Tuha Basin[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University, 2015.
[3] 陈绍藩,王建永,黄国龙,等. 吐哈盆地形成及其演化[J].世界核地质科学,2004,21(3):125-131. Chen Shaofan, Wang Jianyong, Huang Guolong, et al. Formation and Evolution of Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. World Nuclear Geoscience, 2004,21(3):125-131.
[4] 刘东旭. 台南凹陷二叠系油成藏主控因素及模式[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):12-18. Liu Dongxu. Main Controlling Factors and Modes of Permian Oil Accumulation in Tainan Sag[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2016, 35(5) 12-18.
[5] 吴青鹏,杨占龙,李红哲,等. 吐哈盆地台北凹陷西缘侏罗系层序划分及沉积体系演化[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(3):348-359. Wu Qingpeng, Yang Zhanlong, Li Hongzhe, et al. Sequence Division, Distribution and Evolution of Sedimentary Facies of Jurassic System, Western Taibei Sag, Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2009, 20(3):348-359.
[6] 迟亚奥. 吐哈盆地台南凹陷稠油地球化学特征及成因[D]. 大庆:东北石油大学,2016. Chi Ya'ao. Geochemistry and Genesis of Heavy Oil in Tainan Depression, Turpan-Hami Basin[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University, 2016.
[7] 袁明生,梁世军,燕列灿,等. 吐哈盆地油气地质与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012. Yuan Mingsheng, Liang Shijun, Yan Liecan, et al. Petroleum Geology and Exploration in Turpan-Hami Basin[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2012.
[8] 王雄兆,高锦麟. 吐哈盆地台北凹陷区域构造格架特征[J].新疆石油地质,1994, 15(3):201-206. Wang Xiongzhao, Gao Jinlin. Characteristics of Regional Tectonic Framework in Taibei Sag of Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1994, 15(3):201-206.
[9] 陶明信. 论新疆吐哈盆地的两种构造单元体系[J].地质通报,2010,29(2/3):297-304. Tao Mingxin. The Two Kinds of Tectonic Unit Systems in Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang, China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(2/3):297-304.
[10] 杨永泰,邹才能,李伟. 吐哈盆地鄯深构造三叠系油藏成藏期次分析[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):22-25. Yang Yongtai, Zou Caineng, Li Wei. Oil Accumulating Stages of the Triassic Trap Within the Shanshen Structure in Tuha Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2002, 23(2):22-25.
[11] 杨珍祥,康永尚,焦立新,等. 吐哈盆地台北与台南凹陷三叠系成藏差异性[J].新疆石油地质,2005, 26(4):397-400. Yang Zhenxiang, Kang Yongshang, Jiao Lixin, et al. Differential Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Triassic in Taibei and Tainan Sags, Tuha Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2005, 26(4):397-400.
[12] 赵文智,李伟,张研. 吐哈盆地鲁克沁稠油藏成藏过程初探与勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(2):1-5. Zhao Wenzhi, Li Wei, Zhang Yan. A Preliminary Study on the Forming Process of Lukeqin Heavy Oil Pool and Its Exploratory Significance Toturpan Hami Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1998, 25(2):1-5.
[13] 李志军,李斌,陈辉. 台南凹陷构造演化与成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(1):53-56. Li Zhijun, Li Bin, Chen Hui. Tectonic Evolution and Pool-Forming Regularity in Tainan Sag[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2000, 21(1):53-56.
[14] 沈妍,汪佳. 台南凹陷二叠系油成藏要素空间匹配关系及控藏作用[J].西部探矿工程,2017,29(7):72-77. Shen Yan, Wang Jia.Spatial Matching Relation and Reservoir Controlling Function of Permian Oil Reservoir Forming Factors in Tainan Sag[J]. West-China Exploration Engineering, 2017, 29(7):72-77.
[15] 张立强,纪友亮,尚刚. 吐哈盆地中三叠统辫状河三角洲砂体储集性及控制因素[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(4):5-9. Zhang Liqiang, Ji Youliang, Shang Gang. Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Braided Steam Delta Sandbodies of Middle Triassic Series in the Tuha Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 200125(4):5-9.
[16] 袁明生,李华明,苏传国. 吐哈盆地鲁克沁构造带流体包裹体特征与油气运聚[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(4):266-269. Yuan Mingsheng, Li Huaming, Su Chuanguo. Characteristics of Fluid Inclusions in Lukeqin Structural Belt and Its Hydrocarbon Migration and Accumulation in Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2000, 21(4):266-269.
[17] 冯乔,柳益群,张小莉,等. 叠合盆地的热演化史与油气生成:以吐鲁番-哈密盆地南部构造带为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(3):268-273. Feng Qiao, Liu Yiqun, Zhang Xiaoli, et al. Thermal Evolution History and Hydrocarbon Generation in Superimposed Basin:Taking the Southern Structural Zone in Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang, as an Example[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2004, 25(3):268-273.
[18] 赵密福,李亚辉,信荃麟,等. 鲁克沁构造带稠油成藏机制研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1):51-54. Zhao Mifu, Li Yahui, Xin Quanlin, et al. Forming Mechanism of Heavy Crude in Lukeqin Structure Belts[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2001, 25(1):51-54.
[19] 陈旋,胡前泽. 鲁克沁地区稀油成藏规律研究[J].吐哈油气,2009,14(4):307-310. Chen Xuan, Hu Qianze. Study on Accumulation Rule of Thin Oil in Lukeqin Area[J]. Tuha Oil & Gas, 200914(4):307-310.
[20] 苗建宇,周立发,邓昆. 吐鲁番坳陷二叠系烃源岩有机质沉积特征[J].地质科学,2005,40(2):198-206. Miao Jianyu, Zhou Lifa, Deng Kun. Depositional Characters of Organic Matters from the Permian Source Rocks in the Turpan Depression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 200540(2):198-206.
[21] 李晴晴. 吐哈盆地石炭-二叠系层序划分及烃源岩预测[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2015. Li Qingqing. Sequence Stratigraphy and Hydrocarbon Source Rock Prediction, Turpan-Hami Basin in Carboniferous-Permian[D]. Qingdao:Ocean University of China, 2015.
[22] 周铁锁. 吐哈盆地台北凹陷北部山前带二叠系油气勘探前景初步分析[D]. 西安:西北大学,2008. Zhou Tiesuo. A Study on the Exploration Foreground of the Permian in the North Structural Belt of Taibei Depression in Turpan-Hami Basin[D]. Xi'an:Northwest University, 2008.
[23] 邓宏文,王洪亮,李熙. 层序地层地层基准面的识别、对比技术及应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(3):177-184. Deng Hongwen, Wang Hongliang, Li Xi. Identification and Correlation Techniques of Sequence Stratigraphic Base-Levels and Their Application[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1996, 17(3):177-184.
[24] Xu L, Hou G T, Dai C M, et al. New Insights into Reservoir Architecture of Fuyu Oil Layer in Southern Songliao Basin Based on Analyses of Water-Flooding Characteristics[J]. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 2016, 34(1):61-76.
[25] Vail P R. Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Using Sequence Stratigraphy:Part l:Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Procedure[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1987, 27:1-10.
[26] Galloway W E. Genetic Stratigraphic Sequences in Basin Analysis:Ι:Architecture and Genesis of Flooding-Surface Bounded Depositional Units[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1989, 73:125-142.
[27] Johnson J G, Klapper G, Sandberg C A. Devonian Eustatic Fluctuations in Euramerica[J]. Geological Society of American, 1985,99:567-587.
[28] 张磊夫,吴陈君,苏洋,等. 爱尔兰克莱尔盆地Ross Sandstone组深水浊积岩露头高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):165-174. Zhang Leifu, Wu Chenjun, Su Yang, et al. High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy of the Ross Sandstone Deepwater Turbidite Outcrops in the Clare Basin, Ireland[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(1):165-174.
[29] 邵鹏程,陈世悦,李军亮,等. 马海东构造带下干柴沟组下段高分辨率层序地层和砂体展布特征[J].地层学杂志,2017,41(1):83-93. Shao Pengcheng, Chen Shiyue, Li Junliang, et al. High-Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy and Sandbody Distribution of the Lower Xiaganchaigou Formation (Paleogene) in the Eastern Mahai Uplift[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy, 2017, 41(1):83-93.
[30] 范廷恩,王海峰,张晶玉,等. 基于中期旋回洪泛面的河流相地层等时划分[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2018,48(5):1316-1329. Fan Ting'en, Wang Haifeng, Zhang Jingyu, et al. Isochronous Stratigraphic Division of Fluvial Facies Based on Mid Term Cycle Flood Surface[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2018, 48(5):1316-1329.
[31] 余烨,张昌民,李少华,等. 珠江口盆地中新统珠江组强制海退沉积层序与有利砂体分布[J].古地理学报,2018,20(5):841-854. Yu Ye, Zhang Changmin, Li Shaohua, et al. Sedimentary Sequence and Favorable Sand-Body Distribution in Falling Stage System Tracts of the Miocene Zhujiang Formation in Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2018, 20(5):841-854.
[32] 张振杰,宋洪亮,王欣然,等. 层序地层格架约束下的浅水三角洲沉积特征及其潜力研究[J].复杂油气藏,2018,3(8):35-40. Zhang Zhenjie, Song Hongliang, Wang Xinran, et al. Sedimentary Characteristics and Potential of Shallow Water Delta Under the Constraint of Sequence Stratigraphic Framework[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2018, 3(8):35-40.
[33] 刘犟,张克银. 四川盆地井研地区麦地坪组-筇竹寺组高分辨率层序地层特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(5):585-593. Liu Jiang, Zhang Keyin. Characteristics of High-Resolution Stratigraphic Sequence of Maidiping Formation and Qiongzhusi Formation in Jingyan Area, Sichuan, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition), 2018, 45(5):585-593.
[34] 魏方辉,杨少辉,赵伟,等. 洞庭盆地安乡凹陷下更新统层序地层及其对构造活动的响应[J].华南地质与矿产,2018,34(2):93-106. Wei Fanghui, Yang Shaohui, Zhao Wei, et al. Lower Pleistocene Sequence Stratigraphy in the Anxiang Depression of Dongting Basin and Its Response to Structural Movement[J]. Geology and Mineral Resources of South China, 2018, 34(2):93-106.
[35] 赵翰卿,付志国,吕晓光,等. 大型河流-三角洲沉积储层精细描述方法[J].石油学报,2000,21(4):109-113. Zhao Hanqing, Fu Zhiguo, Lü Xiaoguang, et al. Methods for Detailed Description of Large Fluvial-Delta Depositional Reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2000, 21(4):109-113.
[36] 郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容. 陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分和研究意义[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255. Zheng Rongcai, Peng Jun, Wu Chaorong. Grade Division of Base-Level Cycles of Terrigenous Basin and Its Implication[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2001, 19(2):249-255.
[37] 陈波,张昌民,韩定坤. 干旱气候条件下陆相高分辨层序地层特征研究:以江汉盆地西南缘晚白垩世渔洋组为例[J].沉积学报,2007,25(1):21-28. Chen Bo, Zhang Changmin, Han Dingkun. Characteristics of Lacustrine High-Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy Under Arid Climate:A Case Study of Yuyang Formation (Late Cretaceous) in Southwest of Jianghan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007, 25(1):21-28.
[38] 邓宏文,王红亮,王居峰,等. 层序地层构成与层序控砂、控藏的自相似特征:以三角洲-浊积扇体系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):491-495. Deng Hongwen, Wang Hongliang, Wang Jufeng, et al. Self-Similarity of Constitution of Sequence Stratigraphy and Distribution of Sandbodies and Lithologic Reservoirs:Taking Delta-Turbidite Fan System as an Example[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2004, 25(5):491-495.
[39] 王洪亮. "转换面"的概念及其层序地层学意义[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):35-42. Wang Hongliang. Concept of "Turnaround Surface" and Its Significance to Sequence Stratigraphy[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2008, 15(2):35-42.
[40] 任建业,陆永潮,张青林. 断陷盆地构造坡折带形成机制及其对层序发育样式的控制[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):596-602. Ren Jianye, Lu Yongchao, Zhang Qinglin. Forming Mechanism of Structural Slope-Break and Its Control on Sequence Style in Faulted Basin[J]. Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2004, 29(5):596-602.
[41] Burns B A,Heller P L,Marzo M,et al. Fluvial Response in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework:Example from the Montserrat Fan Delta, Spain[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1997,67(2):130-141.
[42] Segev A, Sass E, Schattner U. Age and Structure of the Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2018, 182:233-250.
[43] 姜在兴,向树安,陈秀艳,等. 淀南地区古近系沙河街组层序地层模式[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):931-937. Jiang Zaixing, Xiang Shu'an, Chen Xiuyan, et al. The Sequence Stratigraphy Model of Shahejie Formation in Diannan Area[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2009, 27(5):931-937.
[44] 徐怀大. 寻找非构造油气藏的新思路[J].勘探家,1996,1(1):43-47. Xu Huaida. New Thoughts on Finding Non-Structural Hydrocarbon Reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Explorationist, 1996, 1(1):43-47.
[45] 朱筱敏,董艳蕾,郭长敏,等. 歧口凹陷沙河街组一段层序格架和储层质量分析[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):934-941. Zhu Xiaomin, Dong Yanlei, Guo Changmin, et al. Sequence Framework and Reservoir Quality of Sha 1 Member in Shahejie Formation, Qikou Sag[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007, 25(6):934-941.
[46] Sohn Y K,Kim S B,Hwang I G,et al. Characteristics and Depositional Processes of Large Scale Gravelly Gilbert-Type Foresets in the Miocene Doumsan Fan Delta,Pohang Basin, Se Korea[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research,1997,67(1):130-141.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed