吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 2048-2058.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20241367

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇    

壁面润湿性对附壁油膜铺展和蒸发特性的影响

宣熔1,2(),郭亮1,2,李德刚1,2,张浩1,2,王会3(),韩家明4   

  1. 1.吉林大学 汽车底盘集成与仿生全国重点实验室，长春 130022
    2.吉林大学 汽车工程学院，长春 130022
    3.北京工业职业技术学院 机电工程学院，北京 100042
    4.一汽解放商用车开发院，长春 130001
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-27 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 王会 E-mail:727074917@qq.com;13811099788@163.com
  • 作者简介:宣熔（1996-），男，博士研究生.研究方向：能源多元化与新型动力总成.E-mail：727074917@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划国际合作项目(20240402082GH);国家自然科学基金项目(52202470)

Effect of wall wettability on spreading and evaporation characteristics of attached fuel film

Rong XUAN1,2(),Liang GUO1,2,De-gang LI1,2,Hao ZHANG1,2,Hui WANG3(),Jia-ming HAN4   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory of Automotive Chassis Integration and Bionics，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.College of Automotive Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    3.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Beijing Polytechnic College，Beijing 100042，China
    4.FAW Jiefang Commercial Vehicle Development Institute，Changchun 130011，China
  • Received:2024-12-27 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-08-12
  • Contact: Hui WANG E-mail:727074917@qq.com;13811099788@163.com

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摘要：

为深入探究壁面润湿性对附壁油膜铺展行为及蒸发过程的作用机理，进而改善压燃式发动机燃油喷雾湿壁问题，使用表面润湿性改性技术制备了具有不同润湿性的实验表面，利用激光诱导荧光技术拍摄了正丁醇燃料液滴撞击壁面后液膜的铺展行为及蒸发过程。研究结果显示，经激光刻蚀处理的壁面亲油性大幅提升，使得附壁液膜铺展面积增大，铺展厚度减小；而经低表面能修饰的化学刻蚀壁面疏油特性显著增强，削弱了液滴铺展能力，从而缩小了铺展面积，增加了铺展厚度。此外，在相同实验条件下，激光刻蚀壁面的液膜蒸发速率最快，而光滑壁面和低表面能修饰的化学刻蚀壁面的液膜蒸发时间依次递增。本文研究结果可为内燃机燃烧室材料表面优化设计提供关键数据支持。

关键词: 车辆工程喷雾湿壁, 润湿性, 激光诱导荧光, 蒸发特性

Abstract:

To understand the mechanism of the different wettability of surfaces on the spreading behavior and evaporation process of attached oil film， which effectively further improves the problem of wet wall of fuel spray in compression-ignition engines， various wettability experimental surfaces were prepared using a surface wettability modification technique， and the spreading behavior and evaporation process of the oil film of n-butanol droplets after impacting the wall were investigated using laser-induced fluorescence. The results showed that the hydrophilicity of the laser-etched surface was substantially increased， resulting in an increase in the spreading area and a decrease in the spreading thickness of the attached oil film. While the chemically etched surface with low surface energy modification significantly enhances the hydrophobicity properties. Which weakens the droplet spreading ability， thus reducing the spreading area and increasing the spreading thickness. In addition， under the same experimental conditions， the oil film evaporation rate was the fastest on the laser-etched surface， while the evaporation time on the smooth surface and the chemically etched surface was increased sequentially. The present study results support critical data for the optimal design of combustion chamber material surfaces for internal combustion engines.

Key words: vehicle engineering spray wall wetting, wettability, laser-induced fluorescence, evaporation characteristic

中图分类号: 

  • TK421

表1

铝合金6061的成分 (%)"

CuMnMgZnCrTiSiFeAl
0.15~0.40.150.8~1.20.250.04~0.350.150.4~0.80.7余量

表2

铜合金H59-1的成分 (%)"

CuPbBAlFeSbBiZn
57.0~60.00.8~1.9≤0.02≤0.2≤0.5≤0.01≤0.003余量

表3

主要设备与仪器"

仪器型号生产厂家
激光刻蚀器JW-F20GX经纬激光设备有限公司
接触角测量仪TL100Biolin
扫描电子显微镜EVO-18Zeiss
冷场发射扫描电子显微镜JSM-6700FJapan Electronics Co.， Ltd
Nd：YAG激光器LS-2137MLOTIS LII
高速相机V611AMETEK

表4

金属壁面制备方法"

壁面名称制备方法试验中各表面编号
光滑处理预处理（机械研磨+超声波清洗）铜：CSS；铝：ASS
激光刻蚀预处理+激光刻蚀（0.1 mm扫描间距、100 mm/s扫描速度）铜：CLS；铝：ALS
化学刻蚀预处理+化学刻蚀（盐酸/10分钟+沸水/40 min+全氟辛酸乙醇溶液/24 h）铜：CCS；铝：ACS

图1

各基材壁面微观形貌"

表5

正丁醇理化特性"

参数正丁醇
密度/（kg·m-1）810.9
黏度/（mm2·s-1）2.63
表面张力/（mN·m-1）25.9
沸点/K390.4

图2

激光诱导荧光测试平台示意图"

图3

试验壁面结构示意图"

图4

附壁液膜厚度的标定平台示意图"

图5

348 K壁面温度下图像灰度值与液膜厚度标定曲线"

图6

图像处理流程图"

图7

壁面润湿性对附壁液膜铺展铺展特性的影响"

表6

最大液膜面积和第16 s液膜厚度"

参数ALSASSACSCLSCSSCCS
最大面积/cm22.722.522.432.462.322.08
第16 s液膜厚度/μm323851364054

图8

壁面润湿性对附壁液膜质量变化的影响"

图9

正丁醇撞击398 K壁面的附壁液膜蒸发过程"

图10

不同壁面温度下CCS附壁液膜质量变化"

图11

不同壁面温度下ACS附壁液膜质量变化"

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