吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 854-862.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20260328

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

HIV-1 Tat蛋白的翻译后修饰对HIV-1转录和复制调控机制影响的研究进展

张佳翔1,曹阳2,桓晨1()   

  1. 1.吉林大学第一医院艾滋病与病毒研究所,吉林 长春 130021
    2.吉林大学第三医院手足外科,吉林 长春 130033
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-14 接受日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2026-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 桓晨 E-mail:lmsxsml@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张佳翔(2001-),女,河南省洛阳市人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事病毒与宿主相互关系方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82372239);吉林省科技厅自然科学基金项目(YDZJ202501ZYTS762);吉林省科技厅自然科学基金项目(20210101300JC);吉林省科技厅分子病毒学重点实验室项目(20102209);吉林大学本科生科研训练项目(2024)

Research progress in impact of post-translational modifications of HIV-1 Tat protein on regulatory mechanisms of HIV-1 transcription and replication

Jiaxiang ZHANG1,Yang CAO2,Chen HUAN1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Virology and AIDS Research,First Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China
    2.Department of Hand and Foot Surgery,Third Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130033,China
  • Received:2024-12-14 Accepted:2025-01-20 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-06-08
  • Contact: Chen HUAN E-mail:lmsxsml@jlu.edu.cn

摘要:

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是一种攻击宿主免疫系统的病毒,导致感染者罹患获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS),严重危害人类健康。HIV编码的一种小型非结构蛋白——转录激活因子(Tat),通过与HIV的反式激活应答元件(TAR)结合,促进病毒基因组的转录,且该作用与Tat蛋白的多种翻译后修饰有密切关联。本文就HIV-1 Tat蛋白的不同种类Tat蛋白翻译后修饰(磷酸化、乙酰化、泛素化和甲基化)进行综述,并总结相关翻译后修饰在Tat蛋白上的主要作用位点及其对HIV-1转录和复制调控机制。此类修饰不仅影响Tat蛋白的结构和稳定性,还调控其转录活性及其与宿主蛋白的相互作用,最终影响病毒的复制和潜伏。因此,深入研究Tat蛋白的翻译后修饰,不仅有助于理解HIV感染的分子机制,还为开发新的抗病毒治疗靶点提供了理论依据。

关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒, 转录激活因子蛋白, 反式激活应答元件, 免疫系统, 翻译后修饰

Abstract:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a kind of virus that attacks the host immune system and causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) in infected individuals, which seriously endangers human health. Trans-activator of transcription (Tat), a small non-structural protein encoded by HIV, binds to the trans-activation response element (TAR) of HIV to promote the transcription of viral genome, and this effect is closely related to multiple post-translational modifications of Tat protein. This paper reviewed the different types of post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination and methylation) of HIV-1 Tat protein, and summarized the main action sites of related post-translational modifications on Tat protein as well as their regulatory mechanism on HIV-1 transcription and replication. Such modifications not only affect the structure and stability of Tat protein, but also regulate its transcriptional activity and its interaction with host proteins, and ultimately affect viral replication and latency. Therefore, in-depth study on post-translational modifications of Tat protein not only helps to understand the molecular mechanism of HIV infection, but also provides a theoretical basis for the development of novel antiviral therapeutic targets.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Trans-activator of transcription protein, Trans-activation response element, Immune system, Post-translational modification

中图分类号: 

  • R512.91