沉积物粒度特征及其对环境的指示意义——以濠河为例

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201503207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究河流沉积物粒度对区域气候变化的指示作用,对濠河中游、下游、濠河入淮河口3个典型河床沉积物剖面及石英尾砂的粒度进行了测量。结果显示:3个沉积物剖面按粒度的变化特征均可分成四层,第一层沉积物以细粉砂为主,第二、三、四层以粗粉砂为主,其中第二、三、四层沉积物的粒度频率分布曲线与石英尾砂非常相似,说明大量石英尾砂排入濠河后,沉积物粒度特征由石英尾砂控制。在近30年中,濠河沉积物的粒度随河水动力的变化而出现波动,这种波动与降雨量的年际变化、洪水的发生等自然因素有关,沉积物平均粒径的峰值与降雨量大或洪水发生的年份存在对应关系。濠河沉积物的粒度特征具有濠河流域气候干湿变化的指示意义:粒径粗指示降雨量较多的湿润气候,粒径细指示降雨量较少的干旱气候。

关键词: 石英尾砂, 沉积物, 粒度, 环境变化, 濠河

Abstract:

In order to study the indicating effect of the particle size of river sediments to the regional climate change, three representative sedimental sections were collected in the middle and lower reaches of the Haohe River bed. The grain size of the sediments and quartz tail-sands were measured. The results showed that the three representative sedimental sections can be divided into four sub-layers. The first sub-layer sediments is mainly fine silty sand, the second, the third and the fourth sub-layer sediments are mainly coarse silty sand. Grain size frequency distribution curves of the second, the third, and the fourth sub-layer are very similar to quartz tail-sands. This showed that the grain size characteristics of sediments was controlled by quartz tail-sands when a great deal of quartz tail-sands was discharged into Haohe River. The results also showed that grain size of Haohe River sediments changed with the river power in the past 30 years, which was connected with the natural variations such as rainfall, flood, and so on. The peaks of the sedimental average particle diameter had corresponding relation with the years when heavy rain or flood occurred. The grain size characteristics of Haohe River sediments could indicate the climate change of Haohe River basin: when the grain size of sediment was big, it indicated more rainfall humid climate; when the grain size of sediment was small, it indicated less rainfall arid climate.

Key words: quartz tail-sands, sediments, grain size, environmental change, Haohe River

中图分类号:

P512.31

李勇, 李海燕, 赵应权. 沉积物粒度特征及其对环境的指示意义——以濠河为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(3): 918-925.

Li Yong, Li Haiyan, Zhao Yingquan. Grain Size Characteristics of Haohe River Sediments and Its Environmental Implications[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(3): 918-925.

参考文献

[1] 马龙,吴敬禄,温军会,等.乌梁素海湖泊沉积物粒度特征及其环境指示意义[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):646-652. Ma Long, Wu Jinglu, Wen Junhui, et al. Grain Size Characteristics and Its Environmental Significance of Lacustrine Sediment Recorded in Wuliangsu Lake Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2013, 31(4): 646-652.

[2] 史小丽,秦伯强.近百年来长江中游网湖沉积物粒度特征及其环境意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(2):117-122. Shi Xiaoli, Qin Boqiang. Grain-Size Characteristics and Their Environmental Significance of Wanghu Lake Sediments in the Middle Reach of Yangtze River[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2009, 29(2): 117-122.

[3] Bianchi G G, McCave I N. Holocene Periodicity in North Atlantic Climate and Deep-Ocean Flow South of Iceland[J]. Nature, 1999, 397: 515-517.

[4] 谢远云,李长安,王秋良,等.江汉平原江陵湖泊沉积物粒度特征及气候环境意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(3):570-577. Xie Yuanyun, Li Chang'an, Wang Qiuliang, et al. Grain-Size Characteristics and Their Environmental Significance of Jiangling Lake Sediments in Jianghan Plain[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2007,37(3): 570-577.

[5] 张玉芬,李长安,周稠,等.长江中游高位砾石层的磁性特征与物源分析[J]. 吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2014,44(5):1669-1677. Zhang Yufen, Li Chang'an, Zhou Chou, et al. Magnetism and Provenance Analysis of High Position Gravel Layer in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2014,44(5):1669-1677.

[6] 李顺明,宋新民,刘曰强,等.温米退积型与进积型浅水辫状河三角洲沉积模式[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(3):665-672. Li Shunming, Song Xinmin, Liu Yueqiang, et al. Depostional Models of Regressive and Progressive Shoal Braided Deltas in Wenmi Oilfield[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2011, 41(3): 665-672.

[7] 陈敬安,万国江,张峰,等.不同时间尺度下的湖泊沉积物环境记录:以沉积物粒度为例[J].中国科学:D辑,2003,33(6):563-568. Chen Jing'an,Wan Guojiang, Zhang Feng, et al. The Environmental Record of Lake Sediments in Different Time: The Study of Grain-Size[J]. Science in China: Series D, 2003, 33(6):563-568.

[8] 李长安,张玉芬,袁胜元,等.江汉平原洪水沉积物的粒度特征及环境意义:以2005年汉江大洪水为例[J].第四纪研究,2009,29(2):276-281. Li Chang'an, Zhang Yufen, Yuan Shengyuan, et al. Grain Size Characteristics and Environmental Significance of Hanjiang 2005 Flood Sediments[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2009, 29(2): 276-281.

[9] 钱鹏,张艳,任雪梅.长江下游洪水事件:基于南通河漫滩研究[J].南通大学学报报:自然科学版,2009,8(2):56-61. Qian Peng, Zhang Yan, Ren Xuemei. Flood Events in the Lower Yangtze Reach: Inferred from the Floodplain at Nantong, Eastern China[J].Journal of Nantong University: Natural Science Edition, 2009,8(2):56-61.

[10] 史兴民,万正耀,师静.渭河咸阳段近代洪水沉积物粒度特征分析[J]. 水土保持通报,2008,28(3):71-76. Shi Xingmin, Wan Zhangyao, Shi Jing. Grain Size Characteristics of Recent Flood Sediment of Weihe River in Xianyang Section[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008, 28(3): 71-76.

[11] 李勇,李海燕,刘慧.石英尾砂对濠河中、下游沉积物磁学性质的影响及其环境意义[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(10):2620-2630. Li Yong, Li Haiyan, Liu Hui. Magnetic Influence of Quartz Tail-Sands on Sediments in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Haohe River and Its Environmental Implications[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011,54(10):2620-2630.

[12] Friedman G M, Sanders J E. Preciples of Sedimento-logy[M]. New York: Wiley, 1978.

[13] 余铁桥,贾铁飞.巢湖CH-1孔沉积物磁性、粒度特征分析[J].上海师范大学学报:自然科学版,2008,37(5):523-528. Yu Tieqiao, Jia Tiefei. Magnetic and Grain Size Characteristics of Sediments from Core CH-1 in Chaohu Lake[J].Journal of Shanghai Normal University: Natural Sciences, 2008, 37(5): 523-528.

[14] Friedman G M. Differences in Size Distributions of Populations of Particles Among Sands of Various Origins[J]. Sedimentology, 1979, 26(6): 3-32.

[15] 殷志强,秦小光,吴金水,等.湖泊沉积物粒度多组分特征及其成因机制研究[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(2): 345-353. Yin Zhiqiang, Qin Xiaoguang, Wu Jinshui, et al. Multimodal Grain-Size Distribution Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Lake Sediments[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2008, 28(2): 345-353.

[16] Wang F Y, Chen J S. Relation of Sediment Characteristics to Trace Mental Concentrations: A Statistical Study[J]. Water Research, 2000, 34(2): 694-698.

[17] Sun D H, Su R X, Bloemendal J. Grain-Size and Accumulation Rate Records from Late Cenozoic Aeolian Sequences in Northern China: Implications for Variations in the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Westerly Atmospheric Circulation[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2008, 246(1): 39-53.

[18] Scholger R. Heavy Metal Pollution Monitoring by Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements Applied to Sediments of River Mur(Styria, Austria)[J]. Eur J Environ Eng Geophys, 1998, 3: 25-37.

[19] 周开胜,孟翊,刘苍字,等.长江口北支兴隆沙XL2孔沉积物的磁性特征与沉积环境分析[J]. 沉积学报,2008,26(2):300-307. Zhou Kaisheng, Meng Yi, Liu Cangzi, et al. Magnetic Properties and Sedimentary Environment of Core XL2 on Xinglong Sand in the North Branch, the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2008, 26(2): 300-307.

[20] 王建,刘泽纯,姜文英,等.磁化率与粒度、矿物的关系及其古环境意义[J].地理学报,1996, 51 (2): 155-163. Wang Jian, Liu Zechun, Jiang Wenying, et al. A Relationship Between Susceptibility and Grain-Size and Minerals, and Their Paleo-Environmental Implication[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1996, 51(2): 155-163.

[21] 刘招君,孙平昌,杜江峰,等.汤原断陷古近系扇三角洲沉积特征[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2010,40(1):1-8. Liu Zhaojun, Sun Pingchang, Du Jiangfeng, et al. Sedimentary Characters of Fan Delta of Paleacene in Tangyuan Fault Depression[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2010, 40(1): 1-8.

[22] 王博,夏敦胜,余晔,等. 环境磁学在监测城市河流沉积物污染中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(9):1979-1991. Wang Bo, Xia Dunsheng, Yu Ye. Use of Environmental Magnetism to Monitor Pollution in the River Sediment of an Urban Area[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2011, 31(9): 1979-1991.

[23] 李九发,李为华,应铭,等. 黄河三角洲飞雁滩沉积物颗粒度分布和粒度参数特征及水动力解释[J].海洋通报,2006,25(3):38-44. Li Jiufa, Li Weihua, Ying Ming, et al. Characteristic and Hydrodynamic Explanation of Distribution and Parameters of Sediment Granularity in Feiyan Shoal of Yellow River Delta[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2006, 25(3):38-44.

[24] 李勇,李海燕.石英尾砂对旱地表土磁性的影响及其环境意义[J].现代地质,2008,22(5): 889-894. Li Yong, Li Haiyan. Magnetic Influence of Quartz Tail-Sands on the Dry Top Soil and Its Environmental Implications[J]. Geoscience, 2008, 22(5): 889-894.

相关文章 15

[1]	陆继龙, 刘奇志, 王春珍, 蔡波, 郝立波, 尹业长, 赵玉岩. 二道松花江沉积物重金属特征及其潜在生态风险[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(2): 566-573.
[2]	李福来, 肖飞, 孟凡超, 任泽樱. 内蒙古索伦地区上二叠统林西组碎屑岩地球化学特征及其对物源的指示意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2016, 46(6): 1769-1780.
[3]	赵军, 代新雲, 古莉, 祁新忠, 陈伟中. 基于粒度控制的复杂储层渗透性建模方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2016, 46(1): 279-285.
[4]	胡贵明, 黄春长, 周亚利, 庞奖励, 查小春, 郭永强. 黄河上游靖远-景泰段全新世古洪水水文学[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(6): 1822-1832.
[5]	蓝先洪，张志珣，王中波，陈晓辉，田振兴. 东海陆架晚更新世以来沉积物常量元素的分布及其地质意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(6): 1883-1891.
[6]	苏明，姜涛，张翠梅，张成，何云龙，王振峰. 琼东南盆地中央峡谷体系东段形态-充填特征及其地质意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(6): 1805-1815.
[7]	陈圣波，李鑫龙，陈磊. 基于地面实测光谱的水系沉积物重金属含量反演[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(4): 1388-1394.
[8]	许冬，初凤友，李家彪，杨海丽，陈亮. 粤西-琼东北近海沉积物的运移和沉积[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(3): 905-917.
[9]	赵林，方东明，宋伟男，姜建梅，马凯. 海河干流表层沉积物中磷形态的空间分布特征及其对水相磷的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(2): 603-609.
[10]	杨忠平，张强，张梁，李达，卢文喜，辛欣. 长春市城区近地表灰尘粒度特征及其环境意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(1): 319-327.
[11]	阚光明，苏远峰，刘保华，李官保，孟祥梅. 南黄海中部海底沉积物声阻抗特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(1): 386-395.
[12]	高文，贾大成，李桐林，王泽光，姜琦刚，刘春茹，张潇，姜涛. 松嫩平原东部中、晚更新世地层界限：光释光年龄及元素变化[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(6): 1889-1894.
[13]	李鱼，王檬，张琛，高茜. 基于分式析因及最佳子集回归的多种污染物复合污染特征--阿特拉津与多种污染物在松花江沉积物上的吸附效应[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(5): 1595-1602.
[14]	沈万斌，周楠楠，李一楠，郭志勇，李耀睿，花修艺，董德明. pH平面光极在生物扰动存在下水/沉积物体系中的应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(3): 931-938.
[15]	黄勇, 朱丽红, 殷琨, 任红. 潜孔锤反循环钻进岩屑粒度分布规律[J]. J4, 2012, 42(4): 1119-1124.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed