黑龙江省三江盆地砂岩型铀矿找矿方向探讨

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190118

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 三江盆地是我国黑龙江省东北部重要的中—新生代盆地。本文从三江盆地铀源条件、中—新生代构造演化、构造格局、中—新生代古气候演化、主要盖层沉积建造特征及后生蚀变特征等方面进行研究，以砂岩型铀矿成矿理论为指导，对三江盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿条件进行了综合分析，在此基础上对盆地找矿方向进行了探讨。研究认为：盆地西部具有较好的铀源条件，好于盆地其他地段；盆地中生代以来存在早白垩世末—晚白垩世早期和古近纪末—新近纪早期两期构造反转，在构造反转作用的控制下形成了盆地的主要找矿目标层下白垩统猴石沟组和古近系宝泉岭组含煤碎屑岩；猴石沟组、宝泉岭组及富锦组在盆地内发育有良好的地层结构和岩性岩相条件，同时在局部地区发育有氧化带，其是砂岩型铀矿找矿的重要线索。盆地砂岩型铀成矿条件总体较好，其中西部坳陷为重点工作区，猴石沟组和宝泉岭组为重点找矿层位。

关键词: 砂岩型铀矿, 猴石沟组, 宝泉岭组, 三江盆地

Abstract: Sanjiang basin is an important Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin in northeastern Heilongjiang Province. Based on the study of the uranium source conditions, Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution, tectonic framework, Mesozoic-Cenozoic paleoclimate evolution, the sedimentary formation characteristics of the main caprock and the epigenetic alteration characteristics, the metallogenic conditions of the sandstone-type uranium deposits in Sanjiang basin is comprehensively analyzed under the guidance of the metallogenic theory of sandstone-type uranium deposits,and the prospecting direction of the basin is discussed. It is concluded that the uranium source conditions in the western part are better than those of other parts of the basin;Since the Mesozoic, two stages of tectonic inversion occurred from the end of the Early Cretaceous to the end of the Late Cretaceous and from the end of Paleogene to the Early Neogene. Under the control of the tectonic reversal, the coal-bearing clastic rocks of the Lower Cretaceous Houshigou Formation and Paleogene Baoquanling Formation are the main target strata for prospecting in the basin;The Lower Cretaceous Houshigou Formation and Paleogene Baoquanling Formation have good stratigraphic structure, lithologic and lithofacies with oxidized zones developed in the local area, which are important clues for finding sandstone-type uranium deposits;The metallogenic conditions of the sandstone-type uranium in the basin are generally better. The western depression should be the key area of exploration, while the Lower Cretaceous Houshigou Formation, Paleogene Baoquanling Formation and Neogene Fujin Formation should be the key horizons for prospecting.

Key words: sandstone-type uranium deposits, Houshigou Formation, Baoquanling Formation, Sanjiang basin

中图分类号:

P612

何中波, 冀华丽, 卫三元, 曹建辉, 林效宾. 黑龙江省三江盆地砂岩型铀矿找矿方向探讨[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2021, 51(2): 367-379.

He Zhongbo, Ji Huali, Wei Sanyuan, Cao Jianhui, Lin Xiaobin. Discussion on Prospecting Direction of Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits in Sanjiang Basin, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2021, 51(2): 367-379.

参考文献

[1] 绍陶阳,章凤奇,杨树锋,等. 黑龙江东部三江盆地绥滨坳陷构造演化与煤层气勘探评价[J]. 高校地质学报,2017,23(2):259-267. Shao Taoyang,Zhang Fengqi, Yang Shufeng, et al. Structural Evolution and Evaluation of Coalbed Methane Exploration of the Suibin Depression,Sanjiang Basin,Eastern Heilongjiang Province,NE China[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2017,23(2):259-267.
[2] 刘孟骐,郭巍,于松,等. 三江盆地下白垩统穆棱组页岩气成藏地质条件研究[J]. 世界地质,2017,36(1):209-216. Liu Mengqi, Guo Wei, Yu Song, et al. Geological Conditions of Shale Gas Reservoirs of Lower Cretaceous Muling Formation in Sanjiang Basin[J]. Global Geology, 2017,36(1):209-216.
[3] 张兴洲,郭冶,曹振,等. 东北地区中-新生代盆地群形成演化的动力学背景[J]. 地学前缘,2015,22(3):88-98. Zhang Xingzhou, Guo Ye, Cao Zhen, et al. Dynamic Evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basins in the Northeastern China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2015,22(3):88-98.
[4] 程三友. 中国东北地区区域构造特征与中、新生代盆地演化[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2006. Cheng Sanyou. Regional Tectonic Characters and Meso-Cenozoic Basin Evolution in Northeastern China[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2006.
[5] 程三友,刘少峰,苏三. 黑龙江三江盆地绥滨坳陷构造特征分析[J]. 东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(4):322-328. Cheng Sanyou, Liu Shaofeng, Su San. Structure Characteristics of Suibin Sag in Sanjiang Basin[J]. Journal of East China Institute of Technology, 2012,35(4):322-328.
[6] 蔡超,时伟,曹代勇. 鹤岗盆地断裂构造特征与地应力演化史分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2016,28(3):8-25. Cai Chao, Shi Wei, Cao Daiyong. Faulted Structural Features and Crustal Stress Evolution History Analysis in Hegang Basin[J]. Coal Geology of China, 2016, 28(3):8-25.
[7] 高春文. 三江盆地绥滨坳陷晚中生代构造演化及盆地原型分析[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2007. Gao Chunwen. Late Mesozic Tectonic Evolution and Prototype of Suibin Depression in Sanjiang Basin[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University, 2007.
[8] 王伟涛. 古近纪汤原断陷对物源区隆升史的沉积响应[D]. 长春:吉林大学, 2007. Wang Weitao. Sedimentary Response of Tangyuan Fault Basin to the Uplifting History of Provenances in the Paleogene[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2007.
[9] 武国忠,刘安,郭翔燕, 等. 黑龙江省三江盆地绥滨坳陷沉降史分析[J]. 大地构造与成矿学,2007,31(4):412-417. Wu Guozhong, Liu An, Guo Xiangyan, et al. Ectonic Subsidence History of the Suibin Depression, Sanjiang Basin in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2007,31(4):412-417.
[10] 吴景峰,蒙启安,付晓飞.汤原断陷古近系剥蚀量恢复及原型盆地构造格局[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2020,50(2):542-552. Wu Jingfeng, Meng Qi'an, Fu Xiaofei. Denudation Restoration and Structural Framework of Prototype Paleogene Basin in Tangyuan Fault Depression[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2020,50(2):542-552.
[11] 侯伟,刘招君. 黑龙江省东部绥滨坳陷下白垩统泥岩稀土元素地球化学特征[J]. 古地理学报,2007,9(2):207-215. Hou Wei, Liu Zhaojun. REE Geochemical Characte-ristics of the Lower Cretaceous Mudstone in Suibin Depression of Eastern Heilongjiang Province[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(2):207-215.
[12] 和钟铧,刘招君,陈秀艳, 等. 黑龙江省东部残留盆地群早白垩世沉积相特征及演化[J]. 古地理学报,2008,10(2):151-158. He Zhonghua,Liu Zhaojun,Chen Xiuyan, et al. Sedimentary Facies Characteristics and Their Evolution of the Early Cretaceousrelict Basins in Eastern Heilongjiang Provinc[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2008,10(2):151-158.
[13] 方石,张培震,刘招君, 等. 东三江盆地南部白垩纪以来的沉积特征及其演化[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(1):66-76. Fang Shi,Zhang Peizhen,Liu Zhaojun,et al. Sedimentation Features and Its Evolution Since Cretaceous in the South of Eastern Sanjiang Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2012,42(1):66-76.
[14] 张云鹏,任建业,王姗, 等.东北大三江盆地群早白垩世存在统一湖盆的沉积学证据[J]. 中国地质,2016,43(4):1280-1290. Zhang Yunpeng,Ren Jianye,Wang Shan, et al. The Sedimentary Evidence for the Exitence of Unified Basin in Early Cretaceous in Dasanjiang Basin Group, Northeast China[J]. Geology in China, 2016,43(4):1280-1290.
[15] 季汉成, 门相勇, 翁庆萍, 等. 东北大三江地区早白垩世岩相古地理研究[J]. 地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(2):81-91. Ji Hancheng,Men Xiangyong,Weng Qingping,et al. Study on Early Cretaceous Lithofacies Paleogeographg in Paleogeography in Dasanjiang Area of Northeast China[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2013,35(2):81-91.
[16] 胡志方. 三江盆地绥滨坳陷中生界层序地层与有利目标预测[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2006. Hu Zhifang. Sequence Stratigraphy Study and Exploration Target Forecast in the Suibin Depression of Sanjiang Basin in Mesozoic[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2006.
[17] 胡志方, 马义忠, 乔桂林,等. 三江盆地石油地质条件与勘探前景[J]. 河南石油,2006,20(1):1-4. Hu Zhifang, Ma Yizhong, Qiao Guilin, et al. Peteoleum Geologic Conditions and Exploration Prospect of Sanjiang Basin[J]. Henan Petroleum, 2006,20(1):1-4.
[18] 马金龙, 张宝权. 汤原断陷构造沉积特征与油气成藏分布规律[J]. 石油实验地质, 2006, 28(3):220-224. Ma Jinlong, Zhang Baoquan. Structural-Depositional Feature Andoil-Gas Reservoir Distributionin the Tangyuan Fault Depression[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2006, 28(3):220-224.
[19] 郭少斌, 王红亮. 绥滨坳陷中生界层序地层特征及油气勘探远景[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2008, 35(1):44-51. Guo Shaobin, Wang Hongliang. Sequence Stratigraphic Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Prospect of Mesozoic Formation in Suibin Depression, Sanjiang Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2008, 35(1):44-51.
[20] 何中波,冀华丽,曹建辉,等.黑龙江三江盆地中东部白垩纪以来沉积演化特征及铀矿化有利找矿层位[J]. 世界核地质科学,2018,35(4):187-202. He Zhongbo, Ji Huali, Cao Jianhui, et al. Sedimentary Evolution Characteristics Since Cretaceous and Favourable Horizons of Sandstone-Hosted Uranium Mineralization in Middle-East Sanjiang Basin,Heilongjiang[J]. World Nuclear Geoscience, 2018,35(4):187-202.
[21] 贾承造,郑民. 东北白垩纪大三江盆地沉积构造演化及其残留盆地群的油气勘探意义[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(6):1-12. Jia Chengzao, Zheng Min. Sedimentary History, Tectonic Evolution of Cretaceous Dasanjiang Basin in Northeast China and the Signifi-Cance of Oil and Gas Exploration of Its Residual Basins[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2010, 34(6):1-12.
[22] 刘武生,赵兴齐,康世虎,等.二连盆地反转构造与砂岩型铀矿成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,2018,34(2):81-89. Liu Wusheng, Zhao Xingqi, Kang Shihu, et al. Inversion Structure and Its Relationship with Sandstone Type Uranium Metallization in Erlian Basin[J]. Uranium Geology, 2018,34(2):81-89.
[23] Qin Mingkuan, Huang Shaohua, He Zhongbo, et al. Evolution of Tectonic Uplift, Hydrocarbon Migration, and Uranium Mineralization in the NW Junggar Basin:An Apatite Fission-Track Thermochronology Study[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2018, 92(5):1901-1916.
[24] 何中波,秦明宽,宋继叶,等. 准噶尔盆地东北部侏罗系砂岩型铀成矿环境与找矿方向探讨[J].矿床地质,2018, 37(1):175-190. He Zhongbo, Qin Mingkuan, Song Jiye, et al. A Study of Metallogenic Environments and Prospecting Direction of Jurassic Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposit in Northeastern Junggar Basin[J]. Mineral Deposits,2018, 37(1):175-190.
[25] 何中波,刘章月,杨烨,等.准噶尔盆地中新生代构造沉积演化与砂岩型铀成矿作用关系探讨[J].新疆地质,2016,34(3):410-417. He Zhongbo, Liu Zhangyue, Yang Ye, et al. Mesozoic Cenozoic Tectonic-Sedimentary Envolution and Metallogenesis of Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposit in Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 2016, 34(3):410-417.
[26] 秦明宽,何中波,刘章月,等. 准噶尔盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿环境与找矿方向研究[J]. 地质论评, 2017,63(5):1255-1269. Qin Mingkuan,He Zhongbo,Liu Zhangyue, et al. Study on Metallogenic Environments and Prospective Direction of Sandstone Type Uranium Deposits in Junggar Basin[J]. Geological Review, 2017,63(5):1255-1269.
[27] 赵忠华,白景萍,赖天功.松辽盆地北部反转构造与砂岩型铀矿成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,2018,34(5):274-279. Zhao Zhonghua, Bai Jingping, Lai Tiangong. Reversal Structure and Its Relation to Metallization of Sandstone Type Uranium Deposit in Northern Songliao Basin[J]. Uranium Geology, 2018,34(5):274-279.
[28] 于文斌,董清水,邹吉斌, 等.松辽盆地东南缘地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(4):543-548,562. Yu Wenbin, Dong Qingshui, Zou Jibin, et al. Analysis of Metallogenic Conditions of In-Situ Leachable Sandstone Type Uranium Deposit in the Southeastern Margin of Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2006,36(4):543-548,562.
[29] 罗毅,何中波,马汉峰,等.松辽盆地钱家店砂岩型铀矿成矿地质特征[J].矿床地质,2012,31(2):391-400. Luo Yi, He Zhongbo, Ma Hanfeng, et al. Metallogenic Characteristics of Qianjiadian Sandstone Uranium Deposit in Songliao Basin[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2012,31(2):391-400.
[30] 易超,王贵,李西得, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组铀富集特征及铀成矿模式探讨[J].矿床地质,2018,37(4):835-852. Yi Chao, Wang Gui, Li Xide, et al. A Tentative Discussion on Uranium Enrichment Characteristics and Metallogenic Model in Zhiluo Formation, Northeastern Ordos Basin[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2018,37(4):835-852.
[31] 丁波,刘红旭,李平, 等. 伊犁盆地南缘构造活动及对砂岩型铀矿的制约:来自磷灰石裂变径迹与U-Pb定年的证据[J]. 地质力学学报,2019,25(增刊1):84-89. Ding Bo,Liu Hongxu,Li Ping, et al. The Tectonic Activity in the Southern Margin of the Ili Basin and Its Constraint on Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits:Evidence from Apatite Fission Track and U-Pb Dating[J]. Jounal of Geomechanics, 2019,25(Sup.1):84-89.
[32] 张海桥,付长江,王颖, 等. 大庆外围盆地侏罗纪-早白垩世早期古气候研究[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发,2002, 21(4):9-11. Zhang Haiqiao, Fu Changjiang, Wang Ying, et al. A Study on Paleoclimate from Jurassic to Early Stage of Early Cretaceous in Peripheral Basins[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oil Field Development in Daqing,2002, 21(4):9-11.
[33] 万晓樵,吴怀春,席党鹏,等. 中国东北地区白垩纪温室时期陆相生物群与气候环境演化[J]. 地学前缘,2017, 24(1):18-31. Wan Xiaoqiao, Wu Huaichun, Xi Dangpeng, et al. Terrestrial Biota and Climate During Cretaceous Greenhouse in NE China[J].Earth Science Frontiers, 2017, 24(1):18-31.
[34] 赵秀丽. 华北、东北地区中新世孢粉植物群研究[D]. 青岛:山东科技大学,2004. Zhao Xiuli. Palynological Vegetation of Miocene North and North-Eastern of China[D]. Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2004.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed