斜坡单元支持下地震滑坡危险性区划—以芦山地震为例

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201505201

吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1470-1478.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201505201

斜坡单元支持下地震滑坡危险性区划—以芦山地震为例

邱丹丹^1,2, 牛瑞卿¹, 赵艳南¹, 武雪玲¹

1. 中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院, 武汉 430074;
2. 武汉工程大学资源与土木工程学院, 武汉 430073

收稿日期:2014-09-02 发布日期:2015-09-26
通讯作者: 牛瑞卿(1969),男,教授,博士,主要从事遥感、工程地质领域的研究,E-mail:rqniu@163.com。 E-mail:rqniu@163.com
作者简介:邱丹丹(1981),女,博士研究生,讲师,主要从事遥感与地质灾害交叉方向的研究,E-mail:dada_qdd@163.com
基金资助:
国家"863"计划项目(2012AA121303)

Risk Zoning of Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on Slope Units: A Case Study on Lushan Earthquake

Qiu Dandan^1,2, Niu Ruiqing¹, ZhaoYannan¹, Wu Xueling¹

1. Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. School of Resource and civil engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China

Received:2014-09-02 Published:2015-09-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以地震滑坡作为研究对象,选取"4·20"芦山地震中芦山县为研究区,结合多源数据,在相关分析后选取10个评价因子,分别是地面高程、坡度、坡向、斜坡形态、地层、斜坡结构、断层平均距离、水系平均距离、植被指数和地震峰值加速度,在数字高程模型基础上采用集水区重叠法划分斜坡单元,再对各评价因子重采样,进而利用基于遗传算法的神经网络算法构建地震滑坡危险性评价模型,完成地震滑坡危险性区划。将基于斜坡单元的危险性区划结果和基于格网单元的区划结果进行比较,结果显示滑坡正确率分别为96.6%和92.6%,斜坡单元的正确率较高;同时通过多组数据的受试者工作特征曲线分析本评价模型的不确定性,每组曲线位置及曲线下面积大小相当。

关键词: 地震滑坡, 危险性区划, 评价因子, 斜坡单元, 四川芦山

Abstract:

Earthquake-induced landslide could cause serious damage, which could be even worse than the quake itself especial in a mountain area. We select Lushan as the research area where Lushan earthquake occurred on April 20, 2013. This earthquake caused massive landslides that resulted in a tragic loss of life and economy. Combining multi-source data, we select 10 evaluation factors after Pearson correlation analysis, including elevation, slope, aspect, shape, curvature classification, vegetation index, distance from drainages, slope structure, lithology, and distance from faults. Based on the digital elevation model, we use watershed overlay method to plot slope units, and resample the evaluation factors. After multi-group test, we get the appropriate parameter value of the neural network optimized by Genetic Algorithm model. The risk zoning of earthquake induced landslides is then calculated by using neural network optimized by Genetic Algorithm. The same risk zoning model is used to slope units and grid units. The accuracy rate of slope units is 96.6%; while the accuracy rate of grid units is 92.6%. In comparison with the grid units, the slope units are more accurate. Further, we analyze the uncertainty in this evaluation model by using multi-data receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC). Each curve has the equal position; and the areas under the line are almost the same. The result indicates that the proposed method has the advantages of high accuracy, stable performance, and small amount of data to process. It can be used for early warning and assessment of earthquake.

Key words: earthquake-induced landslide, risk zoning, evaluation factors, slope units, Lushan, Sichuan

中图分类号:

P642.22

邱丹丹, 牛瑞卿, 赵艳南, 武雪玲. 斜坡单元支持下地震滑坡危险性区划—以芦山地震为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(5): 1470-1478.

Qiu Dandan, Niu Ruiqing, ZhaoYannan, Wu Xueling. Risk Zoning of Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on Slope Units: A Case Study on Lushan Earthquake[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(5): 1470-1478.

参考文献

[1] 李树德,任秀生,岳升阳,等. 地震滑坡研究[J]. 水土保持研究,2001,8(2): 24-25. Li Shude, Ren Xiusheng, Yue Shengyang, et al. Study of Earthquake-Landslide[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2001,8(2): 24-25.

[2] 李忠生. 国内外地震滑坡灾害研究综述[J]. 灾害学, 2003,18(4): 65-71. Li Zhongsheng. The State of the Art of the Research on Seismic Landslide Hazard at Home and Abroad[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 2003,18(4): 65-71.

[3] 乔建平, 蒲晓虹, 王萌,等. 大地震诱发滑坡的分布特点及危险性区划研究[J]. 灾害学, 2009,24(2): 25-29. Qiao Jianping, Pu Xiaohong, Wang Meng, et al. A Study on Characteristics of Distribution of Earthquake-Induced Landslides and Hazard Zoning[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 2009,24(2): 25-29.

[4] 徐桂弘. 地震诱发滑坡的危险性分析与预测[J]. 内陆地震, 2008,22(2): 188-192. Xu Guihong. Analysis and Prediction of Danger of Landslide Caused Earthquakes[J]. Inland Earthquake, 2008,22(2): 188-192.

[5] 许冲, 戴福初, 姚鑫,等. 基于GIS与确定性系数分析方法的汶川地震滑坡易发性评价[J]. 工程地质学报, 2010,18(1): 15-26. Xu Chong, Dai Fuchu, Yao Xin, et al. GIS Platform and Certainty Factor Analysis Method Based Wenchuan Earthquake-Induced Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2010,18(1): 15-26.

[6] 陈晓利, 叶洪, 程菊红. GIS技术在区域地震滑坡危险性预测中的应用:以龙陵地震滑坡为例[J]. 工程地质学报, 2006,14(3): 333-338. Chen Xiaoli, Ye Hong, Cheng Juhong. Use of GIS in Regional Risk Assessment of Earthquake Induced Landslides:A Case Study of Earthquake Induced Landslides in Longling in 1976[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2006,14(3): 333-338.

[7] 许冲, 戴福初, 姚鑫,等. GIS支持下基于层次分析法的汶川地震区滑坡易发性评价[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009,28(增刊2): 3978-3985. Xu Chong, Dai Fuchu,Yao Xin, et al. GIS-Based Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using Analytical Hierarchy Process in Wenchuan Earthquake Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009,28(Sup.2): 3978-3985.

[8] Keefer D K. Investigating Landslides Caused by Ear-thquakes: A Historical Review[J]. Surveys in Geophysics, 2002, 23(6): 473-510.

[9] 孟宪纲, 薄万举, 刘志广,等. 芦山7.0级地震与巴颜喀拉块体中东段的活动性[J]. 吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2014,44(5):1705-1711. Meng Xiangang, Bo Wanju, Liu Zhiguang, et al. Activity in the Middle East of Bayan Har Block with Lushan M_s 7.0 Earthquake[J]. Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2014,44(5): 1705-1711.

[10] 常鸣, 唐川, 李为乐,等."4·20"芦山地震地质灾害遥感快速解译与空间分析[J]. 成都理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2013,40(3): 275-281. Chang Ming, Tang Chuan, Li Weile, et al. Image Interpretation and Spatial Analysis of Geohazards Induced by "4·20"Lushan Earthquake in Epicenter Area[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition, 2013,40(3): 275-281.

[11] 陈晓利, 冉洪流, 祁生文. 1976年龙陵地震诱发滑坡的影响因子敏感性分析[J]. 北京大学学报:自然科学版, 2009,45(1): 104-110. Chen Xiaoli, Ran Hongliu, Qi Shengwen. Triggering Factors Susceptibility of Earthquake-Induced Landslides in 1976 Longling Earthquake[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2009,45(1): 104-110.

[12] 王秀英, 聂高众, 马牧军. 地震滑坡灾害评估中地震影响因素的联合应用[J]. 地震学报, 2012,34(1): 76-84. Wang Xiuying, Nie Gaozhong, Ma Mujun. Application of Multiple Ground Motion Factors in Earthquake-Induced Landslide Hazard Evaluation[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2012,34(1): 76-84.

[13] 侯景瑞, 袁中夏. 汶川地震滑坡与影响因素[J]. 西北地震学报, 2011,33(增刊1): 398-402. Hou Jingrui, Yuan Zhongxia. Influence Factors of the Landslides Caused by Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. Northwestern Seismological Journal, 2011,33(Sup.1): 398-402.

[14] 彭令. 三峡库区滑坡灾害风险评估研究[D]. 武汉:中国地质大学, 2013. Peng Ling. Landslide Risk Sssessment in the Three Gorges Reservoir[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2013.

[15] 丁辉. 基于遥感技术滑坡灾害区划研究[D]. 西安:长安大学, 2011. Ding Hui. Study on Landslides Geo-Hazard Zoning[D].Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2011.

[16] 武雪玲, 任福, 牛瑞卿,等. 斜坡单元支持下的滑坡易发性评价支持向量机模型[J]. 武汉大学学报:信息科学版, 2013,38(12): 1499-1503. Wu Xueling, Ren Fu, Niu Ruiqing, et al. Landslide Spatial Prediction Based on Slope Units and Suppert Vector Machines[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2013,38(12): 1499-1503.

[17] 田旭光, 宋彤, 刘宇新. 结合遗传算法优化BP神经网络的结构和参数[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 2004,21(6): 69-71. Tian Xuguang, Song Tong,Liu Yuxin. Optimizing the Structure and Parameters of BP Neural Network Based on Genetic Algorithm[J]. Computer Applications and Software, 2004,21(6): 69-71.

[18] 李景富, 牛瑞卿. 基于GIS的斜坡结构图自动化制图方法研究[J]. 人民长江, 2009,40(19): 38-40. Li Jingfu, Niu Ruiqing. Automated Mapping Method of Slope Structure Image Based on GIS[J].Yangtze River, 2009,40(19): 38-40.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

斜坡单元支持下地震滑坡危险性区划—以芦山地震为例

Risk Zoning of Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on Slope Units: A Case Study on Lushan Earthquake

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 1

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0