可控震源记录中的脉冲噪声分析

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201501304

吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 302-311.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201501304

可控震源记录中的脉冲噪声分析

贾海青^1,2, 姜弢^1,2, 徐学纯³, 葛利华^1,2, 林君^1,2, 杨志超^1,2

1. 吉林大学地球信息探测仪器教育部重点实验室, 长春 130026;
2. 吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院, 长春 130026;
3. 吉林大学地球科学学院, 长春 130061

收稿日期:2014-07-20 发布日期:2015-01-26
通讯作者: 姜弢(1969), 女, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事地震仪器及信号处理研究, E-mail:jiang_t@jlu.edu.cn E-mail:jiang_t@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:贾海青(1987), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事可控震源技术及地震信号处理研究, E-mail:jiahq13@mails.jlu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项项目(SinoProbe-09-06201011083,SinoProbe-09-04201011081,201311197);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20110061110053)

Analysis of the Pulse Noise in Seismic Vibrator Record

Jia Haiqing^1,2, Jiang Tao^1,2, Xu Xuechun³, Ge Lihua^1,2, Lin Jun^1,2, Yang Zhichao^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Geo-Exploration Instrumentation of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China;
2. College of Instrument Science and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China;
3. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China

Received:2014-07-20 Published:2015-01-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

噪声分析一直是地震资料信噪比得以改善的重要基础方法。可控震源向地下输入瞬时低能量信号, 易受到可控震源系统内部以及背景中的瞬时脉冲噪声(如电噪声、震动噪声等)的干扰。用于提取有效信号的相关检测方法将脉冲噪声的干扰范围扩大, 严重影响了对可控震源有效信号的提取。为了从理论上分析脉冲噪声对可控震源相关记录的干扰, 通过仿真实验, 系统分析了单点脉冲和多点脉冲噪声对相关记录中可控震源信号的干扰程度和特点。结果表明, 可控震源相关记录中的信号主要受脉冲噪声强度、所在时间位置以及可控震源非相关记录脉冲点数比例三方面因素影响, 脉冲噪声所占记录的比例大于2.5%且平均强度高于100时, 相关检测后的可控震源信号会完全被噪声淹没。

关键词: 可控震源, 信噪比, 相关检测, 脉冲噪声

Abstract:

Noise analysis is always the important basic method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data. Seismic vibrator system emits instantaneous low energy to the underground, so its record is easier to be disturbed by the pulse noise from interior of vibrator system and background. The cross-correlation detection method, which is used to pick signals, can not suppress this kind of noise, and it even widen the noise level seriously. To study pulse noise interference, the authors analyze the impact and characteristics of the record by the single pulse and multi-point pulse noise in theory and simulation. The results showed that the interference is mainly depended on the strength of the impulse noise, the position time and proportion of pulse noise. When 2.5% pulse noise is mixed into vibrator non-correlated data with average intensity is 100, the vibrator signal would be submerged in correlated data.

Key words: vibrator, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), correlated detection, pulse noise

中图分类号:

P631.4

贾海青, 姜弢, 徐学纯, 葛利华, 林君, 杨志超. 可控震源记录中的脉冲噪声分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(1): 302-311.

Jia Haiqing, Jiang Tao, Xu Xuechun, Ge Lihua, Lin Jun, Yang Zhichao. Analysis of the Pulse Noise in Seismic Vibrator Record[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(1): 302-311.

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可控震源记录中的脉冲噪声分析

Analysis of the Pulse Noise in Seismic Vibrator Record

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