内蒙古东山湾钨钼多金属矿床成矿流体地球化学特征及成因

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201503110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

东山湾钨钼多金属矿床为大兴安岭南段新发现的一斑岩型矿床,产于燕山晚期花岗斑岩体与二叠系的接触带附近。该矿床主要发育细脉、微细脉浸染型矿化,其钨钼银多金属热液成矿作用划分为黑钨矿-锡石-毒砂-石英阶段(Ⅰ)、毒砂-辉钼矿-石英阶段(Ⅱ)、银多金属硫化物-石英阶段(Ⅲ) 3个阶段。为了系统研究该矿床不同成矿阶段成矿流体的来源、性质及其演化特点,对不同成矿阶段样品进行了流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学及碳、氢、氧同位素研究。结果表明:Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段石英中流体包裹体的均一温度分别为232.7~321.7 ℃和201.2~352.7 ℃,盐度(w(NaCl))分别为3.4%~9.8%和4.1%~10.4%,成矿流体属中温、中等盐度不均匀的NaCl-H₂O体系型热液;Ⅲ阶段石英中流体包裹体的均一温度变化范围为198.6~273.5 ℃,盐度为5.0%~8.4%,成矿流体属中低温、中低盐度均匀的NaCl-H₂O体系型热液;Ⅱ阶段石英样品的δ¹⁸O值为7.5‰~9.0‰,石英中流体包裹体的δD_H₂O-SMOW值与δ¹³C_PDB值分别为-175.6‰~-160.3‰与-23.5‰~-20.1‰。成矿流体具有岩浆分异热液的特点,并伴随大气降水的大量加入,流体运移过程中地层有机质的加入导致了成矿流体具有较低的δD_H₂O-SMOW值、δ¹³C_PDB值;成矿流体的不混容作用、大气降水的加入是导致区内钨钼沉淀、成矿的主要机制,而银多金属矿化则可能由成矿流体的降温冷却所引起。

关键词: 东山湾钨钼矿床, 成矿流体, 地球化学, 矿床成因, 内蒙古

Abstract:

Dongshanwan W-Mo poly-metallic deposit is a newly discovered porphyry type deposit in the southern Great Xing'an Range.It occurs in the contact zone of the Late Yanshanian granitoids and Permian strata. It mainly develops as vein-let type and fine vein disseminated type in terms of mineralization. The formation of Dongshanwan deposit can be divided into three stages: I. wolframite-arsenopyrite-quartz,Ⅱ. arsenopyrite-molybdenite-quartz, and Ⅲ. silver polymetallic-quartz. For the purpose of getting the origin, nature,and evolution characteristics of the ore-forming fluids of the different mineralization stages, we discuss the petrography, micro-thermometry, and carbon-hydrogen-oxygen isotope of the fluid inclusions. The results show that: the aqueous two-phase and vapor-rich two-phase fluid inclusions developed in stage I and II, their homogenization temperature ranges 232.7-321.7 ℃ and 201.2-352.7 ℃, the salinity values of ranges 3.4%-9.8% and 4.1%-10.4%, and the ore-forming fluid belongs to medium temperature and medium salinity NaCl-H₂O hydrothermal system. The aqueous two-phase fluid inclusions developed in stage III, their homogenization temperature ranges from 198.6 to 273.5℃, the salinity values ranges from 5.0%-8.4%, and the ore-forming fluid belongs to low temperature and low salinity NaCl-H₂O hydrothermal system. The δ¹⁸O value of quartz sample ranges from 7.5‰-9.0‰, the δD_H₂O-SMOW value and δ¹³C_PDB value of the fluid inclusions in quartz are -175.6‰--160.3‰ and -23.5‰--20.1‰. The ore-forming fluid has the characteristics of hydrothermal magma, which is accompanied by adding of meteoric water and organic matter in the formation, this led to a lower value of δD_H₂O-SMOW and δ¹³C_PDB value of ore-forming fluid. The immiscibility and adding of meteoric water led to the mineralization of tungsten and tin, and the silver poly-metallic mineralization might be caused mainly by cooling of the ore-forming fluid.

Key words: Dongshanwan W-Mo deposit, ore-forming fluids, geochemical nature, ore genesis, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

P618.6

王承洋, 王可勇, 周向斌, 李文, 黄广环, 李剑锋, 张雪冰, 于琪. 内蒙古东山湾钨钼多金属矿床成矿流体地球化学特征及成因[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(3): 759-771.

Wang Chengyang, Wang Keyong, Zhou Xiangbin, Li Wen, Huang Guanghuan, Li Jianfeng, Zhang Xuebing, Yu Qi. Geochemical Characteristics of Ore-Forming Fluids and Genesis of Dongshanwan Tungsten- Molybdenum Polymetallic Deposit in Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(3): 759-771.

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